sows. Fmal Report to Swme hinovation Pork on Pro|cct H, Fynn M. (2010). Comparing two systems of sow group- CSRDC1004. housing, animal welfare and economics MSc Thesis 7. Cordeiro M.B., Tinoco I.F.F, Oliveha P.A.V., Menegali I., University of Mamtoba
GiumaraesM.C.C.,BaefaFC.andSilvaJ.N.(2007),Effect 12 Nguyin Hoai Nam va Nguyin Van Thanh (2016) Mot of diJferent raismg systems on the thermal environment sg-^-^ ^g^^^ ^^ ^ig^ tif cung sau de o lpn nai Tap comlort and swine productive performance under spring ^- ^ H M N Viet Nam. 14(5) 720-26
conditions. Rev. Bra. Zoo.. 36:1597-02 , t. u • t,^
a r- - i n - ^ ,^„m> o„,r-^ c . , , . 13 Nguyen Thi Nam (2016} Mot SO yeu to anh huong toi 8 Council Directive (2001) 88/EC of 23 October 2001. . - . .. " ,' • „„„,; „ „ ,iA 1 uan van __ .,-^.^,i. benh VTpm tir riTno" nia lon nai neoai sau oe. Luaii vdii Amendmg Directive 91/630/EEC Laying down niiramum ., - " ' ™"^ , - TP n r £ i
standards fo, the protecton of pigs thac s,. Da, hgc Nong lam TP HCM
9 Elmo,.Pitl„.nM.R,G.™,J.P.,Joh„sonA.K.,Kirkd.„ ' " '••"''°'« " ' ^ " " " O " ' ' • • " " " » i * " ' * , P ™ ' R.D., Richert B.T. and Pajor E.A. 2011. Gettmg around Thermal comfort for pregnant sows housed m individual social status Motivation and enrichment use of dommant ^"'^ ^'°"P ^^^^ K^^' ^''^- ^"S- Agr- Amb., 12- 326-32.
and subordinate sows m a group setting. AppI Ani. 15 Vieuille-Thomas C, Le Pape G. and Signoret J.F-(1995) Behav. Sci. 133:154-63 Stereotypies in pregnant sows Indication of influence 10. Fabio E,L.B., Renfa F.N.V., Silvio P.M. and KeUa MM. D. °^ 'he housing system on the patterns expressed by the
(2015) Behaiiorandperformanceofsowsfeddifferentlevels ammals. Appl Anim Behav S a , 44 19-27.
of fiber and reared in mdividual cages or collecti\'e pens 16 Young M. and Aheme F, (2005) Monitormg and Anais da Academia Brasileira de Cieendas 86(4): 2109-19 mamtainmg sow condition Adv Pork Prod.. 16; 299-13,
KHA NANG SINH T R U " 6 N G VA SU'C KHANG BENH CUA MOT
SO NHOM BE CHUYEN THIT TAI THANH PHO HO CHI MINH
Nguyen Thanh Hdi'' vd Do Hoa Binh^
N g a y n h a n bai b a o : 04/01/2020 - N g a y n h a n bai p h a n bien: 29/01/2020 N g a y bai b a o d u o c chap n h a n dang- 08/02/2020
T O M T A T
Nghien cmi thuc hien n h a m d a n h gia kha n a n g sinh truong va siic khang benh ciia cac n h o m be chuyen thit tu so sinh deh 12 thang tuoi trong dieu kien t u nhien tai Trai b o thit thuoc Cong ty T N H H MTV Bo SiJa TPHCM tu' 02/2018-02/2019, Thi nghieni d u g c b o tri theo kieu hoan toan ngau nhien 1 yeu to gom 5 n h o m giong va keo dai 12 thang. Ke't qua cho thay khoi l u o n g so smh cao nhat 6 be Fj(BBBxDroughtmaster) (33,4kg), ke den Droughtmaster (28,3kg), F|(Red AngusxBrahman) (27,2kg), Brahman (26,5kg) va thap nha't be Lai Sind (23,9kg) (P<0,05). Khoi l u o n g 12 thang tuoi cao nhat van a Fj(BBBxDroughtmaster) (356,3kg), ke de'n Droughtmaster (314,7kg), F,(Red AngusxBrahman) (297,5kg), Brahman (287,0kg) va thap nhat Lai Smd (212,4kg) (P<0,001). Tang khoi l u o n g trung binh ngay de'n 12 thang tuoi cao n h a t 6 Fj(BBBxDroughtmaster) (884,7 g/be/ngay), ke den Droughtmaster (783,0 g/be/ngay), F|(Red AngusxBrahman) (740,5 g/be/
ngay). Brahman (713,7 g/be/ngay) va thap nha't Lai Sind (516,4 g/be/ngay) (P<0,001) He so su d u n g t h u c an (kg VCK/kg TKL) 6-12 thang hioi thap nha't d F,(BBBxDroughhnaster) (6,80), ke den Droughtmaster (7,35), F,(Red AngusxBrahman) (7,36), Brahman (7,52) va cao nha't Lai Sind (9,13) (P<0,05). Ty 1? b e n h kha thap, trung binh 14,0% trong 12 thang d a u sau sinh va khong co su khac biet giua 5 n h o m be (P>0,05)
Tir khoa: Be ciiuycn thit. Brahman. Droughtmaster, F^(AngusxBrahman), F/BBBxDroiightmaster), Lat Sind.
ABSTRACT
G r o w t h performance a n d disease resistancy of some groups of high-yielding beef calves in Ho Chi M i n h City
The study was conducted to evaluate growth performance and disease resistancy of some ' Truong Dai hpc Nong Lam TP Ho Chi Minh
^Cong ty TNHH MTV Bo Sua TP Ho Chi Minh
*Tac gia lien he: ThS. Nguyen Thanh Hai, Tniong Dai hoc Nong Lam TPHCM, DT 0973329653; Email hai hcmuaf edu vn
CHAN NUOI DONG VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
groups of high-yielding calves from neonatal to 12 months of age in natural condihon at beef farm of One Member Dairy and Beef Joint Stock Company HCMC from Feb 2018 to Feb 2019. The experiment was assigned into single factor completely randomized design of 5 beef calf groups and lasted 12 months. The results showed that the birth weight of F|(BBBxDroughtmaster) was the highest (35.1 kg/calf), followed by Droughtmaster (28.3 kg/calf), F,(Red AngusxBrahman) (27.2 kg/calf) and Brahman (26,5 kg/calf), and the lowest was Lai Sind (23.9 kg/calf) (P<0,05). At 12 months of age, the body weight of F^ (BBBxDroughtmaster) was still the highest (356,3 kg/calf), followed by Droughtmaster (314.7 kg/calf), Fj(Red AngusxBrahman) (297.5 kg/calf) and Brahman (287.0 kg/calf), and the lowest was Lai Sind (212.4 kg/calf) (P<0.001). Average daily gain in the first 12 months was the highest with F|(BBBxDroughtmaster) (884.7 g/calf/day), followed by Droughtmaster (783.0 g/calf/day), F,(Red AngusxBrahman) (740.5 g/calf/day) and Brahman (713.7 g/calf/day), and the lowest was Lai Sind (516,4 g/calf/day) (P<0.001). Feed consumption ratio (kg DMI/kg weight gain) from 6-12 months of age was the lowest in F^(BBBxDroughtmaster) (6.80), followed by Droughtmaster (7.35), Fj(Red AngusxBrahman) (7.36) and Brahman (7.52), and the highest m Lai Sind (9.13) (P<0.05). The prevalence of normal diseases after calving was relatively low, average of 14,0% and the difference among five groups was not sigmficant (P>0.05).
Keywords: Beef calves, Brahman, Droughtmaster, F ^(AngusxBrahman), Fj(BBBxDroughtniaster), Lai Sind.
I.DATVANDE
Nganh chan nuoi bo thit nuac ta dang phat trien manh vai so luong quy mo nho le dang giam va quy mo nuoi tap trung so luong lon dang phat trien va mo rang. Nguoi Viet ra't thich sii dung thit bo va dang co xu huong sii dung thit bo, san pham tu bo ngay cang tang. San lugng thit bo a Viet Nam nam 2014 chi a muc 370.000-393.000 tan, de dap iing du nhu cau tieu thu phai nhap khau 15.000- 40,000 tan (Tong cue thong ke, 2014), tie'p tuc tang len qua cac nam va dat tren 24.000 tan thit bo da nhap trong 8 thang dau nam 2018 (Ngoc Anh va Nguyin Hai, 2018). Theo thong ke ciia Chan nuoi Viet Nam (2016, 2017 va 2018) cho tha'y san luang thit bo hoi xua't chuong tang deu qua cac nam; cu thC thang 10/2016 la 308.608 tan va tang khoang 3,1% so voi 10/2015,10/2017 la 321.666 tan va tang len 4,2% so vdi 10/2016, 10/2018 la 334.472 tan va tang 4,0% so vai 10/2017,
Tuy nhien, hien nay Viet nam chii yeu nuoi giong bo Vang va Lai Sind (LS) vol kha nang san xua't tha'p ve mpi mat, gia tri kinh te ciing tha'p. Gio'ng bo Vang co nhiing han che' nha't dinh ve tam voc, mii'c do tang truong con han che vai bo cai trung binh dat 180-200kg va due 250-300kg; ty le thit xe chi dat 38-42%
(Hoang Kim Giao, 2018). Ben canh do, bo LS trung binh con cai dat 250-350kg va con due dat 400-550kg vai ty le thit xe 40-45% (Mason, 1996). Chinh vi the', de nhanh chong cai thien kha nang dap ung ciia thi truong bo thit, nhieu nam qua nganh chan nuoi da tieh hanh nhap giong hoac tinh bo co nang sua't thit cao de cai thien kha nang san xuat ciia cac gio'ng bo trong nuoc. Mot so' giohg bo thit thuan nhiet doi va on doi dugc nhap ve nhu Brahman (Br), Droughmaster (DRM), Charolais, Hereford, Blanc Belgian Bleu (BBB), Red Angus (RA), Simmental. Theo ke't qua nghien ciiu Zeng Quingkun va ctv (2002), giong bo Charolais, Hereford, Shorthorn va Angus da cai thien gio'ng bo dia phuang ciia Trung Quo'c ve nhung dac tinh nang sua't va cha't Iugng thit.
Tuy nhien, khong phai cac giohg bo nao cung CO kha nang tang trudng tot trong dieu kien nuoi duang tai Viet Nam, vi chiing con hen quan de'n dieu kien thoi tie't khi hau, kha nang thich nglii va thanh phan dinh duong thuc an, Muc tieu cua nghien cuu nay la danh gia kha nang sinh truong va sue khang benh cua nhom be F,(BBBxDRM), DRM, F,{RAxBr) va Br so vdi be Lai Sind (LS) trong dieu kien khi hau tai TP Ho Chi Minh de Iam co sd khoa hgc trong viec dinh hudng va phat trien bo thit d cac tinh Ian can va trong ca nudc.
2. VAT LIEU VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN Cljru 2.1. Thdi gian va dia diem
-Nghien ciiu dupc tfiuc hien tu 02'2013 den 02/2019 tai Trai bo thit thugc Xi Nghiep Chan Nudi An Phu, Cong t\- TXHH Mgt Thanh Vien Bd Sua TPHCM.
2.2. Phuang phap
Thi nghiem dupc bd tri theo kieu hoan toan ngau nhien 1 ^'eii td^ tren 100 be so sinh, chia Iam 5 nghiem thuc (XT) la 5 nhdm giong va keo dai 12 thang. Mgt tram be dupc sinh ra tii bd me liia de thii 2-3 vdi KL 37Srl5,8kg va dp tudi 3,74i0,6 nam bang phuong phap gieo tinh nhan tao vdi so be due va be cai d cac NT ia bang nhau (14 due va 6 cai) (Bang 1). Xam XT gdm: Dd'i chiing (DC) vdi 20 be LS sinh tir me LS \di tinh Red Sindhi; TX2 vdi 20 be Br sinh tu me Br vdi tinh Br; TN3 vdi 20 be F,(RAxBr) smh hi me Br vdi tinh RA; TN"4 vdi 20 be DRM sinh tii me DRM vdi tinh DRM va Bang 2. Dinh miic an cho
TX5 vdi 20 be F,(BBBxDRM) sinh hi me DRM vdi tinh BBB. Trong qua trinh mang thai, tat ca bd me deu duac cho an cd tu do theo nhu cau va hem phdng da\' dii cac benh theo khuyen cao cua Trung tam Khuye'n Nong.
Bang 1. So do bo tri thi nghiem (nuoi 12 thang) Giong
Soiirong Be due Be cai PTnuoi
LS Br 20 20 14 14 6 6 Biin
F,(RAxBr) DRM F,(BBBxDRM) 20 20 20 14 14 14 6 6 6 ne, an tu do theo khau phan trai Ta't ca cac nhdm be deu dupc an khau phan thiic an giong nhau trong d m g dieu kien (Bang 2) vh dugc tiem phdng benh theo quy trinh vaccine ciia trai khi be dugc 1 thang tuoi de ngiia benh Id mdm long mdng \'a tu huye't trimg, tiem lap Iai khi be dupc 7 thang tudi.
Xudc udng ed nguon gd'c nudc gieng va cho ud'ng tu do theo nhu cau vdi 2 mang udhg/6 va dupc \'e sinh hang ngay. Be dugc cho an 2 lan (7:00 va 15:00) va bii me tu do.
be so sinh den 4 thang tuoi
Co sa Rom Cam Hem bia Ba mi Muoi HH khoang SS-3
3 - ^ 6-9 9-12
kg/be/ngav kg/be/nga\*
kg/t>e/ngay kg be/ngav
Bii t u d o Bii t u d o Cai sua Cai siia
T u d o T u d o Tu do
Tu do 1,5
0,25 0,5 0,75 1,5
0,005 0,005 0,01 0,01
0,005 0,005 0,075 0,075 2.3. Chi tieu theo doi
Klioi luang be (kg): Be dugc can rieng tiing con d cac thdi diem so sinh, 3, 6, 9 va 12 thang tudi bang can dien tii chuyen dung (Can dien tu, VX'S China, Trung Qud'c) budi sang trudc eho an.
Tdng klioi lumig trung binh ngdy (g/be/
ngdy): Ehipc xac dinh dua vao khoi lupng cud'i ky \-a khdi lupng dau k\- TKL=(Pt-Po)/(t-to);
Trong do, Pt Id khoi luai'g c thdi diem t (g); Po Id khoi luong hb b thoi diein to (g); t la thai diem do;
to Id thdi dian do ldn truoc.
Luang clmt klw tieu thu (kg VCKJngdy): Be dugc an d miic 3,3% VCK theo KL (vuot miic nhu cau 2,5-3''o VCK theo National Acade- mies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine, 2016) \'a se dupc can lai luang thiic an thiia
Iuc 6:30 hang ngay de tinh lugng VCK be tieu thu/ngay.
Lugng eha't khd tieu thu = Khd'i lupng thiic an cho an - Khd'i lugng thiic an thiia.
He so sie dung thiec dn (FCR; kg VCK/kg TKL): Duge xac dinh thdng qua lupng thiic an thu nhan va tang khd'i lupng trong mdi giai doan.
Siic khdng benh: Danh gia siic de khang ciia cac nhdm be vdi mpt so benh pho bie'n trong giai doan so sinh deh 12 thang tudi (tieu chay, viem phdi, viem rd'n, ho, benh m^t do, chudng hoi da cd...). Ta't ca cac benh deu dupc ghi lai neii cd bieu hien va trieu chiing benh trong giai doan thi nghiem. Ty le be benh (%)
= (sdbe benh)/(Tong sdbe nudi) x IQO.
CHAN NUOI DONG VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
2.4. Xu li sd lieu
So' lieu dugc xii ly bang Minitab version 16,2 bang phan tich phuong sai (ANOVA) cho thi nghiem hoan toan ngau nhien 1 ye'u to'. Cac gia tri trung binh duoc so sanh bang trac nghiem Tukey va cac ty le dupc so sanh bang x2 hoac chinh xac Fisher, su khac biet cd y nghia P<0,05.
3. KET QUAVA THAO LUAN
3.1. Khdi luang trung binh ciia cac nhdm be thit trong thdi gian thi nghiem
Khdi lupng trung binh sa sinh cao nha't d nhdm be lai F,(BBBxDRM) (33,4kg), ke de'n fa DRM (28,3kg), F,(RAxBr) (27,2kg), Br (26,5kg) va tha'p nhat la be LS (23,9kg) (Bang 3;
P=0,045). Khd'i lupng liic 3 thang tud'i cao nha't d nhdm F|(BBBxDRM) (129,2kg), ke'deh DRM (118,3kg), F,(RAxBr) (109,3kg), Br (108,1kg), va tha'p nha't be Lai Sind (82,7kg) (P-0,002), De'n 6 thang tuoi, khd'i luong binh quan cao nha't vln a F|(BBBxDRM) (218,9kg), ke'deh DRM (206,8kg), F,(RAxBr) (183,4kg), Br (178,2kg) va tha'p nhat be LS (136,7kg) (P-0,000). Deh 9 Bang 3. Khdi luang trung binh (kg)
thang tudi, khd'i lupng cao nha't van d F|(BB- BxDRM) (296,8kg), ke den DRM (265,1kg), F,(RAxBr) (251,5kg), Br (241,3kg) va tha'p nhat LS (176,1kg) (P=0,000), Liic 12 thang tudi, khd'i lupng cao nha't v3n d F,(BBBxDRM) (356,3kg), ke den DRM (314,7kg), F,(RAxBr) (297,5kg), Brahman (287,0kg) va tha'p nha't LS (212,4kg) (P=0,000). Kho'i hi'png so smh ciia cac nhdm gid'ng be nay deu cao hon khd'i lugng so sinh ciia be Vang va LS da nudi d Viet Nam (Nguyen Hiiii Van va ctv, 2009). Tuy nhien, nhin chung khd'i Iugng so sinh cua eac nhdm be phd hgp vdi ke't qua thi nghiem cua Mostari va ctv (2017) vdi bieh thien hi' 18,4 den 32,5kg;
va trong nudc hi 20 de'n 32kg (Pham Van Qu- yen va ctv, 2018; Duong Nguyen Khang va ctv, 2019). Khd'i lugng liic 3, 6, 9 va 12 thang tudi ciia cac nhdm be nay deu eao hon khd'i luong cua gid'ng be Vang va LS (Nguyen Hiiu Van va ctv, 2009); phii hgp vdi KL cua be lai Br, Red Angus, Charolais va BBB (Scholtz va Theonissen, 2010; Dinh Van Tuyen va ctv, 2010; Pham Van Quyen va ctv 2018; Duang Nguyen Khang va ctv, 2019)
giua cac nghiem thuc (n=20/nlidm) Tuoi
So sinh 3 thang 6 thang 9 thang 12 thang
LS 23,9=+0,31 82,7'±0,56 136,7''±0,92 176,P±1,85 212,4'±6,92
Br 26,5^''±0,53 10a,l''±0,65 178,2i"±3,33 241,3''±4,45 287,0^+7.65
B,(RAxBr) 27,2'*±0,43 109.3''±0,78 183,4''±4,76 25:,5''±5,65 297,5'*±7,55
DRM 28,3''±0,53 118,3>±0,65 206,8-±5,56 265,1'±5,43 314,7^±6,23
F,(BBBxDRM) 33,4'±0,23 129,2^'±0,77 218,9''±5,24 296,8''±7,55 356,3''±6,45
SEM 0,023 0,092 0,098 0,088 0,101
P 0,045 0,002 0,000 0,000 0,000 Cdc chd khde nhau tren ciing hang thi khac biet co y nghla P<0,05
3.2. Tang khdi lupng trung binh ngay cua cac nhdm be
Tang khd'i lugng trung binh ngay (TKL) giai doan tir so sinh de'n 3 thang tuoi cao nha't d nhdm F,(BBBxDRM) (1.059,0 g/be/ngay), ke' deh DRM (988,0 g/be/ngay), Br (904,9 g/be/
ngay), F,(RAxBr) {901,6 g/be/ngay) va thap nhat be LS (642,6 g/be/ngay) (Bang 4; P=0,046).
Ke't qua nay eao hon so vdi thi nghiem tru'dc do d Ben Tre ciia cae nhdm LS, lai Charolais va BBB dugc nudi d ndng hp ciia Duong Nguyen Khang va ctv (2019). Giai doan 3-6
thang tudi, TKL cao nha't d be Fj(BBBxDRM) (980,3 g/be/ngay), ke den DRM (967,2 g/be/
ngay), F|(RAxBr) (809,8 g/be/ngay), Br (766,1 g/be/ngay) va tha'p nlia't LS (590,2 g/be/ngay) (P=0,003). Kha phii hpp vdi cae thi nghiem trudc vdi TKL 670,0-990,0 g/be/ngay giai doan so sinh de'n 6 thang tudi (Dinh Van Tuyen va ctv, 2010; Duong Nguyen Khang va ctv;
2019) Giai doan 6-9 thang tudi, TKL cao nhat d F|(BBBxDRM) (851,4 g/be/ngay), ke den F,(RAxBr) (744,3 g/be/ngay), Br (689,6 g/be/
ngay), DRM (637,2 g/be/ngay), va thap nhat Lai Smd (430,6 g/be/ngay) (P=0,001); hoi eao
hon vol ket qua Duong Nguyen Khang va ctv (2019) voi bieh thien tu 290 den 420 g/be/ngay trong giai doan nay. Tu 9-12 thang hioi, TKL cao nhat 6 F,(BBBxDRM) (638,3 g/be/ngay), ke den DRM (531,1 g/be/ngay), Fj(RAxBr) (498,4
g/be/ngay), Br (486,3 g/be/ngay) va tha'p nhat LS (396,7 g/be/ngay); cao hon nhom be LS, Br, DMA, Charolais va BBB trong thi nghiem oia Nguyin Quoc Dat va ctv (2008) va Duong Nguyen Khang va ctv (2019).
Bang 4. Tang khoi lupng trung binh ngay (g/be/ngay) ciia cac nhom be Giai doan
SS-3 3-6 6-9 9-12 SS-12
LS 642,6^,04 590,2^4^.06 43a6'4f),12 396,7'±0,18 516,4^.89
Br 904,9''±0,36 766,I''±0,S5 689,6''±1,32 486,3''±4,45 713,7*±3,45
F,(RAxBr) 901,6^±0,53 809,8''±0,98 744,3''±2,65 498,4''±3,52 740,5''±4,35
DRM 988,0-^0,58 967,2'i0,95 637,2-^2,36 531,1'4:3,43 783,0'i4,23
F,(BBBxDRM) 1 059,0'=±0,14
980,3'4K),25 851,4^±0,37 638,3'^,63 884,7''±2,18
SEM 0,043 0,092 0,108 0,206 0,178
P 0,046 0,003 0,001 0,000 0,001 Cdc chie khac nhau tren cdng hang thi khde biet co y ngh
Xet ve toan chu ky (tu so sinh de'n 12 thang tudi), tang khdi lupng trung binh ngay cao nha't d F,(BBBxDRM) (884,7 g/be/ngay), ke deh DRM (783,0 g/be/ngay), F,(RAxBr) (740,5 g/be/ngay), Br (713,7 g/be/ngay) va tha'p nhai be LS (516,4 g/be/ngay) (P=0,001). Ke't qua nay da cao hon cua nhdm be LS, Br, DRM va RA (Nguyen Qud'c Dat va ctv, 2008; Dinh Van Tuyen va ctv, 2010) Ke't qua nghien ciiu cua ehiing tdi cao hon so vdi cac tac gia nay, cd le do khac nhau ve dieu kien cham sde va dinh duons.
3.3. Lirong chat kho tieu thu (CKTT) va he sd su dung thiic an (SDTA)
Nhin chung, lupng chat khd tieu thu (CKTT) d ca 5 nhdm be deu tang dan tu 6-12 thang tudi. Luong CKTT 6-9 thang tuoi cao nha't a F,(BBBxDRM) (4,78kg VCK/be/ngay), ke den F,(RAxBr) (4,30kg VCK/be/ngay), Br
Bang 5. Lirgng chat kho tieu thu va he sd sii dung thiic an ciia bo tir 6 den 12 thang tudi hia P<0,05
(4,22kg VCK/be/ngay), DRM (4,18kg VCK/
be/ngay) va tha'p nhat be LS (3,29kg VCK/be/
ngay) (Bang 5; P=0,042). Giai doan 9-12 thang tudi, lupng CKTT cung cao nha't d nhdm F,(BBBxDRM) (5,09kg VCK/be/ngay), ke'deh F,(RAxBr) (4,46kg VCK/be/ngay), Br (4,33kg VCK/be/ngay), DRM (4,32kg VCK/be/ngay) va tha'p nha't be LS (4,21kg VCK/be/ngay) (P=0,031). Toan giai doan 6-12 thang tuoi, lupng CKTT cao nha't d nhdm F^(BBBxDRM) (4,94kg VCK/be/ngay), ke den F,(RAxBr) (4,38kg VCK/be/ngay), Br (4,28kg VCK/be/
ngay), DRM (4,25kg VCK/be/ngay) va tha'p nha't be LS (3,75kg VCK/be/ngay) (P=0,035).
Lugng CKTT cua 5 nhdm gid'ng nay phii hgp vdi thf nghiem cua Van Tie'n Diing va ctv (2011) va Duong Nguyen Khang va ctv (2019) vdi cac gidng be Lai Sind, Red Angus, Brahman, Droughtmaster, Charolais va BBB.
Chi tieu
- 9 3,29=±3,56 4,22^'±2,65 4,30^5,32 4,18''±4,56 , _ 12 4,21^4,69 4,33''±4,51 4,46<i2,89 4,32''+4,47 thv(kgVCKA,e/ngay) . ^ . ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 3^75^3 82 4,28^±3,62 4,38=±4,23 4,25»±4,51 6 - 9 7,63'St6,28 6,12''^,21 5,78''^±4,23 6,56'i3,36 9 - 1 2 10,62'4:7,21 8,91^,23 8,94'i6,ll 8,I3''±5,76 Tinh chung 9,13''±6.78 7,52^±5,7S 7,36^±5,43 7,35^4,84
F,(RAxBr) DRM F,(BBBxDRM) SEM P Luong cha't kho tieu
He so su dung thiic (kg VCK/kg TKL)
4,78'^,21 5,09*^5,31 4,94'^4,62 5,62^3,29 7,98=±4,98 6,80'+4,25
0,045 0,084 0,072 0,093 0,121 0,027
0,042 0,031 0,035 0,043 0,028 0,034 Oic rfiif Hiiic nhau tren ciing lung thi khac hiit cc y nghia P<0,05
Tuong hr, he so sii dung thiic an (SDTA) (5,62kg VCK/kg TKL), ke den F,(RAxBr) oca 5 nhom be nhin chung deu ting dan trong (5,78kg VCK/kg TKL), Br (6,12kg VCK/kg giai doan 6-12 thang hioi. He so SDTA 6-9 TKL), DRM (6,56kg VCKftg TKL), va cao thing tuoi t h i p nhat 6 nhom F,(BBBxDRM) nhat be LS (7,63kg VCK/kg TKL) (P.0,043). Tu
CHAN NUOI DONG VAT vA CAC VAN DE KHAC
9-12 thing tuoi, he so SDTA cung tha'p nha't o F,(BBBxDRM) (7,98kg VCK/kg TKL), ke den DRM (8,13kg VCK/kg TKL), Br (8,91kg VCK/
kg TKL), F,(RAxBr) (8,94kg VCK/kg TKL) va cao nha't be LS (10,62kg VCK/kg TKL) (P=0,028). Toan chu ky 6-12 thing hioi, he so SDTA thap nha't 6 F,(BBBxDRM) (6,80kg VCK/
kg TKL), ke deh DRM (7,35kg VCK/kg TKL), F,(RAxBr) (7,36kg VCK/kg TKL), Br (7,52kg VCK/kg TKL) va cao nhat be LS (9,13kg VCK/
kg TKL) (P=0,034). Ke't qua nay hoi tha'p hon so voi thi nghiem cua Van Tie'n Diing va ctv (2011) voi bien thien 9,77-14,53kg VCK/kg TKL va ciia Duong Nguyen Khang va ctv (2019) ll,50-17,52kg VCK/kg TKL, co the la do
Bang 6. Ty le benh b cac nhom be tir
dieu kien cham soc nuoi duong va khau phan i n o thi nghiem nay tot hem.
3.4. Siic khang benh ciia be lu khi so sinh den 12 thing tudi
Ty le be benh nhieu nha't o 3 thing dau sau sinh voi ty le khi tha'p trung binh 9,0%. Cu the, ty le benh cao nha't 6 nhom Fj(BBBxDRM) dat 15,0%, ke den la F,(RAxBr) (10,0%), LS (10,0%), tha'p nha't l i DRM (5,0%) va Br (5,0%) (Bang 6; P=0,932). Toan giai doan tu so sinh de'n 12 thing tuoi cijng co ty le benh thap voi trung binh 14,0%; ty le benh cao nha't o nhom F,(BBBxDRM) (20,0%), ke den F,(RAxBr) (15,0%), DRM (15,0%), tha'p nha't Br (10,0%) va LS (10,0%) (P=0,964).
so sinh den 12 thing tuoi (n=20/nh6m)
Giai d o a n SS-3 3 - 6 6-9 9 - 1 2 SS-12
4. KET LUAN
LS
% (n b e b e n h ) 10% (2) 0 % ( 0 ) 0 7 . (0) 0 % (0) 10% (2)
Br
% (n b e b e n h ) 5 % ( 1 ) 0 % ( 0 ) 5 % (1) 0 % (0) 1 0 % (2)
FjtRAxBr)
% (n b e b e n h ) 10% (2) 5 % (1) 0 % (0) 0 % (0) 1 5 % (3)
d u n g thu A n g u s X
%
D R M (n b e b e n h )
5 % (1) 5 % (1) 5 % (I) 0 % (0) 1 5 % (3) n khi vo beo Lai Sind n u o i ta
F , ( B B B x D R M )
% ( n b e b e n h ) 1 5 % (3) 5 % ( 1 ) 0 % (0) 0 % ( 0 ) 2 0 % (4) a be Lai Smd va be
0,932 1.000 1,000 1,000 0,964 lai "/2 Red i D a k Lak- Tap chi K H C N C h a n
Cac nhom be thit Fj(BBBxDRM), DRM, F,(RAxBr) va Br co KL va TKL deu cao hon, hieu qua su dung thii'c an tot hon so voi be LS, nhimg ty le be benh a 4 nhom nay tuong duang voi be LS,
Nhu vay, ca 4 nhom be F,(BBBxDRM), DRM, F,(RAxBr) va Br deu thich nghi tot voi dieu kien khi hau 6 Thanh pho' Ho Chi Minh noi rieng va Viet Nam noi chung, dac biet la F,(BBBxDRM).
TAI UEU THAM KHAO
1. Ngpc A n h va N g u y e n Hai (2018) Viet N a m la d i e m d e n ciia cac n h a x u a t k h a u b o Bao N g u o i Lao D p n g - Vie- t n a m b i z , n g a y t r u y c a p 7/10/2019. Dia chi tir https://
v i e t n a T n b i z . v n / v i e t - n a m - l a - d i e m - d e n - c u a - c a c - n h a - x u a t - khau-bo-102144 h t m
2. Chan n u o i Viet N a m (2016, 2017, 2018) Thong-ke-chan- nu6i-chi-tiet-01,10 2016, 01.10.2017, 01.10.2018, n g a y t r u y cap 15/12/2019. Dsa chi t u h t t p : / / c h a n n u o l v i e t n a m . c o m / t h o n g - k e - c h a n - n u o i / t k - c h a n - n u o i / .
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n u o i , 31' 35-45
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N a m C h a n n u o i Viet N a m n g a y 29/06/2018, n g a y truy cap 17/3/2019 Dia chi tit h t t p / / n h a c h a n n u o i v n / m o t - s o - giong-bo-thit-o-viet-nam/.
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9 National A c a d e m i e s of Sciences, Engineering and Me- dicine (2016). N u t r i e n t R e q u i r e m e n t s of Beef Cattle, Eighth Revised Edition W a s h i n g t o n , DC: T h e National A c a d e m i c s Press, doi.lO 17226/19014.
10 Pham Van Q u y e n , Tran Thi Cam, Le Thi M y H i e u , G i a n g Vi Sal va Biii Ngpc H u n g (2018). Kha n a n g san
xua't ciia bo lai huong thit F, (Red Angus x Lai Sind) va F, Angus va be Lai Sind nuoi tap trung ban chan tha tai Dak (Brahman x Lai Sind) tai tinh Tay Ninh. Tap chi KHCN Lak Tap chi KHCN Chan mioi, 22: 5-12
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Res. Inf„ 46:33-39, Available from https //doi org/10 1017/ 6 hnh Quang Tri. T^p chi KHCN Chan nuoi, 21:14-19.
S2078633610000676. 15. Zeng Quingkun, Yang Bingzhuang, Shang Jianghui 12 Tong cue thong ke (2014). Thong cao bao chi ve fmh 0"^ J'"S (2002) Hi?" trang va xu the' phat tnen nganli
hinh kinh te xa hpi 6 thang dau nam 2014, ngay truy 'hi* ^6 o Tnjng Quoc. Nhiing chien luoc phat trien danh cap 20/1/2019. Dia chi tii http://www gso.gov vn/defauit. gia di truyen cho nganh chan nuoi bo thit 6 cac nuoc aspx-'tabid=507&ItemID=15037 dang phat tnen. Ky yeu hoi thao ACIAK, TT Nghien cuu 13 Dinh Van Tuyen, Van Tien Diing, Nguyen Tan Vui va Nong nghiep Quoc te'Australia, Canberra. Ban dich ciia
Hoang Cong Nhien (2010) Sinh tniong aia be lai Vi Red TT Tin hoc Nong nghiep va PTNT (ICARD)
NANG SUAT VA THANH PHAN HOA HOC CUA CAY MAT GAU {VERNONIA AMYGDLALINA DEL.) KHONG BON PHAN
DU'OC THU HOACH 6 CAC THOI DIEM KHAC NHAU
Lam Thdi Hiing'*'. Nguyin Thi Hanh HieV, Luu Thdi DanlP vd Ly Hn Tim Lan' N g a y n h a n bat b a o : 20/02/2020 - N g a y n h a n bai p h a n bien: 23/03/2020
N g a y bai b a o d u o c c h a p n h a n d a n g : 27/03/2020 T O M TAT
Thi ngtiiem d u a c b o tri hoan toan ngau ntuen voi 04 nghiem thiic va 03 lan lap lai de d a n h gia nang sua't va t h a n h p h a n hoa hoc cua cay Mat gau d u g c trong trong dieu kien khong bon p h a n va thu hoach 6 cac thoi diem khac nhau. Cac nghiem thiic khac nhau la thai diem thu hoach tai cac m o c thai gian 2, 4, 6, va 8 thang sau khi cat. Dien tich moi !6 thi nghiem la 30m^ va khoang each trong 50x50cm. Cac cay d u o c cat ngang liic thu hoach each mat dat 20cm, thoi gian theo doi va d a n h gia n a n g sua't va thanh p h a n hoa hpc trong 8 thang. Ket qua cho tha'y n a n g suat chat xanh thu hoach liic 8 thang dat cao nhat tinh tren Iiia n h u n g lai thap nha't khi tinh tren nam (F<0,01). N a n g suat chat kho, n a n g suat protein tho, vat chat kho va NDF thu hoach vao thai diem 6 va 8 thang cao h o n thu hoach d thoi diem 2 va 4 thang (P<0,01) Ham Iugng protem tho, khoang va ADF cua cay Mat gau khong khac biet (P>0,05) giua cac thoi diem thu hoach khac nhau.
T u khoa: cay Mat gau, ndng sua't, ADF vd NDF.
ABSTRACT
Evaluating b i o m a s s productivity a n d chemical position of Vemonia amygdlalma Del.
planted no fertilizer in different harvesting times
The experiment was designed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replicates to evaluate biomass produchvjty and chemical composition of Vernoma amygdiahna Del. planted n o fertilizer in different harvesting times. The treatments differed from harvesting times m 2, 4, 6, and 8 months after previous harvest time. Size of each experimental unit w a s 30m^
and dimensions between h-ees were 50x50cm. Vemonia amygdiahna Del. was cut at the position of 20cm from ground and observated until 8 months to evaluate its biomass yield and chemical position. The results showed that green biomass productivity harvested in 8 m o n t h s was the ' Truong Dai hoc Tra Vinh
-United Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo Umversit>' of Agriculture and Technology. Tokyo 183-8509, Japan ' Khoa Nong nghiep, Truong Dai hoc Can Tlio
• Tac gia hen he: TS Lam Thai Hiing, Tnrong khoa Nong nghiep-Thuy san. Tnrong Dai hoc Tra Vinh. DT 0919026614, Email:
IthungPtvu edu.vn
