Phat trien ben vffng du lich tfnh Bmh Dinh
NGUYEN THI BICH NGOC*
Binh Dinh la tinh co n h i l u tiem nang va M the trong phat trid'n du lich.
Thifc tidn cho tha'y, vai nam g i n d^y, Binh Dinh dang tr^f thanh did'm dd'n hS'p din Ithach du lich trong n\i6c va niftfc ngoai. 86" Itfdng khach du lich den Binh Dinh ngay mot gia tang, gop p h i n tang nguon thu ngan sach dia phu'tfng, tao c6ng an viec lam, thuc day phat trien Idnh td' - xa h6i, nSng cao dtifi song ngtf&i d§n... Tuy nhidn, vide phat tri^n du lich hidn nay vSn dtfa chu y^u vao ttf nhidn, chtfa co san pham dac trtfng; hoat dong xiic tie'n du lich, quang ha hinh anh thie'u tinh chuydn nghidp, chtfa d6ng bo, mang lai hidu qua chtfa cao... D^ khac phuc nhifng han chd' nay, nham dtfa du lich cua Tinh phat trid'n h^n vtfng, chinh quyen tinh Binh Dinh c i n co nhffng giai phap mang tinh "dai htfi" htfn.
TIEM NANG PHAT TRIEN DU LICHTiNHBiNH DINH
Vdi bd bien ddi tren 130km trai dgc phia Dong, gan mdt nffa sd' huyen, thdnh phd giap bien, tinh Binh Dinh dtfdc thidn nhien ban lang nhieu Ihang canh va bai bidn dep, hang chuc bai lam ldn, nhd, irong do cd mdt sd'bai lam rdng hang trdm hec ta va da phan cdn nguyen sd, chffa dffdc khai Ihdc. Cd thd' ke de'n cdc danh diang, bdi bien dep cd liem nang phat Irien manh loai hinh du lich bien, nhff: bdi bien Quy Nhdn, Ghenh Rang, Tdn Thanh, Vinh Hpi, Trung Ltfdng, Hai Giang, Dao Yen, bai lam Hoang Hau, Quy Hda, Bai Dai, Tam Quan... vdi canh quan thidn nhien hai hda, da dang, bdi tam dep, kha bdng phang. Cac bai lam dep phan bd' nhieu nhd't la d Quy Nhdn va cdc vung phu cdn, rd't thuan ldi cho viee quy hoach va ddu tff xdy dtfng thdnh cac cum, tuye'n du lich bien tap trung, lidn hodn.
Khdng chl cd cac thang canh, bai bien dep, Binh Dinh cdn cd mdt so dao nho ven bd ciing nhieu vung, vmh, dam pha, ganh ran, cffa sdng, cdn cat, rffng ngap man, ran san hd cung he sinh Ihiiy he't sdc phong phu va da dang. Cdc kieu dia liinh ven bd ke trdn, ngoai tac dung lam 'TS , Trtfcing Dai hoc Quy Nhdn
tang them ve dep cua canh quan, tang tinh hd'p dan cho cdc bai tam, cdn cd the khai thac de td chffc nhieu loai hinh du lich hd'p ddn, nhtf: tam bien, lan bien, irffdt cat, tha dieu, can ca, the thao dtfdi ntfdc...
Cau Thi Nai nam trong TP. Quy Nhdn Id cdy cau vffdt bien dai nha'l Vidt Nam nd'i lidn Khu Kinh Id' Nhdn Hdi vd ndi Phtfdng Mai - nOi bdo tdn he sinh thai Iffdng dd'i phong phu gdm: nhieu loai cay, ddng vdt quy hid'm, ddi trffdt cat bdi bien Nhdn Ly... Vdi tidm nang nay, Binh Dinh dd xay dffng va hinh thanh mot sdloai hinh du lich bie'n, nhtf; du lich tau bid'n; du lich nghi dffdng kd'l hdp giai tri cud'i tuan; du lich the' thao va khdm phd bid'n dao tai dao Nhdn Chau, cac dao ven bid'n, nhff: Hdn Ong Cd, Hdn Khd, Hdn Dd'i..
Mot ldi the' khdng nho cbo boat ddng du lich ttnh Binh binh Id cd vi tri dia ly vd hanh lang giao thdng tffdng dd'i thudn ldi, Hdn hoan bao gdm ca dtfdng bo, dtfdng sal, dtfdng hdng khdng va ddc biel Id dtfdng bie'n, vi cd cang Quy Nhdn- mdt irong nhffng cang bien Idn cua cd nffdc.
Ngodi ra, Binh Dinh cdn Id mdt tinh giau tiem ndng nhdn vdn, cd be day lich su" vdi he thd'ng dl tich lich sff phong phu: quan thi di tich lich sff thdi Tdy Sdn - Quang Trung; Dan te'trdi dd't Tdy Sdn (khu du hch tam linh An Sdn), he thd'ng di tich lich sff - van hda Cham;
cae di tich lich sff cdch mang, di tich danh nhdn; cac Id hgi truyen thd'ng, nhtf: Id hdi Dong Da - Tdy Sdn, le hdi Cau Ngff, Id hdi Chd Gd, Id hdi Dua thuyen; cdc loai hinh nghe Ihudl truyen thdng nhtf:^ hat Bdi, hat Bdi choi, cheo Ba trao, vd thudt cd truyen...
105
KINH TE NQAMH - LANH THO
BANG 1: SO LtfONG KHACH DU LrCH DEN TINH BINH DjNH QUA CAC NAM
Nam
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Tong sfi'khacb Ltftft khach
2 600.000 3.200,000 3,700.045 4 092.340 4.829.000
Tang so vdi nam trtfde (%)
24,74 23,07 15,63 10,60 18,00
Khach qud'c tg*
Lfiift kbdch
205.950 265.000 294.470 286.463 484 000
Tang so vdi nam trtfde (%)
20,09 28,67 11.12 8,30 69,00
Khach ngi dia Ltfdt khaeh
2.394.050 2.935.000 3,405.575 3.805.877 4.345.000
Tang so vdi nam trtfde (%)'^
25,15 22,60 16,03 10,80 14,00
BANG 2: DOANH THO QUA NGANH DO LICH TINH BINH DINH QGA CAc NAm
Dan \ I linh: Ty dong Nam
Tong doanh thu Lifu tru An uS'ng Biin hang va dich vu Lfl hanh va van chuyen
2015 1.037,5
332 425.4 166 114
2016 1.450
492 512 152 294
2017 2.134 723,4 845,6 233,7 331,3
2018 3.300 1.056 1 353
363 528
2019 6.000 1.920 2 460 660 960
BANG 3: LAO DONG TRONG LINH VCfC DG LICH TJNH BINH DINH
Nam 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Sd'lao dpng (Ngtfdi) 4.300 5.156 5.230 6.670 7.710
Tang so vdi nam trtfde (%) 6.17 19.9 1.43 27.5 15.6 r^guon. So Du hch tinh Bmh Dmh
Cung vdi stf phdt trien kinh id' - xa hoi cua ca ntfdc, cdc dtf an kinh td' - xa hdi ldn cua Tinh cun" dtfdc dau ttf phdt trien: hai dang cii lao Xanh, cau Thi Nai, doan dtfdng Quy Nhdn - Sdng Cau, deo vd ham ddo Cu Mdng, Khu Kinh te'Nhdn Hoi, Trung tdm qudc te' Khoa hoc vd Gido due lidn ngdnh Quy Nhdn...
THLfC TRANG PHAT TRIEN
Vdi tiem nang, ldi thd' cua dia phtfdng, Binh Dinb xdc dinh se dtfa du hch trd thanh ngdnh kinh td' quan trong cua Tinh. Thffc td'cho ihd'y, phat trie'n du lich dd gdp phan khdng nhd cho sff phdt trie'n kinh te' - xd hgi cua Tinh trong nhieu nam qua. Lffdng khdch du lich dd'n Binh Dinh ngay cang tang, cung vdi dd la stf phat irie'n nhanh chdng cdc dich vu di kem... lam cho boat ddng du lich trd nen soi ddng.
Sd'lieu Bang 1 cho thd'y, sd'Iffdt khdch du hch de'n linh Binh Dinh ludn tang diu qua cdc ndm. Ndm 2019, du lich Binh Dinh ddn 4.829.00 Iffdt khach, lang 18%
so vdi nam 2018. Lffdt khach du lich ndm 2019 tang cao la do cac ca sd lffu tru du lich dd quan tdm dau tff cd sd vai chd'l ky thuat, nang cao cha't Iffdng dich vu phuc vu khach lffu tru, cac hinb thffc du lich dtfdc da dang hda, boat ddng quang bd du lich mang lai hidu qua... Tuy nhidn, Itfdi khach du lich de'n Binh Dinh chu ye'u la khach ndi dia. Dieu nay cho Iha'y, Binh Dinh vdn la did'm dd'n mdi me ddi vdi du khdch qudc td'. Tinh can cd stf dau ttf ldn ve cd s6 vdt chd't dap ffng nhu ctu cao cua khdch ntfdc ngoai va boat ddng quang ba du lich bleu qua hdn nffa de'thu hut lffdng khach hang dem ndng nay.
Theo so lieu cua Sd Du lich linh Binh Dinh, giai doan 2015-2019, Binh Dinh da Ihu hut dffdc nhieu thanh phan kinh td^. nhieu nha dau ttf trong ntfdc vd qud'c te tham gia dau tff phat trid'n du lich. So dtf an ITnh vtfc du lich chid'm ty le cao nhdt trong sd' cdc dtf dn dau tff cua tinh, Mdt so dff an trong die'm da hodn thdnh, di vao hoat dpng, mang lai hieu qua cao trong vide day manh phat trie'n du lich, nhff: Quan thd' du lich sinh thai, nghi dtfdng. sdn golf FLC Quy Nhdn... Hien cd 27 dff dn dang tridn khai thffc hien vd 12 dtf dn da hodn thanh hoac hoan thanh tffng phan dffdc dffa vao hoat ddng, nhff:
Khu du hch Cifa Bi^n. Khu du lich Trung Ltfdng, khu Resort Casa Marina
Ndm 2015. todn Tinh CO 5 khdch san daj tieu^chuan 4 sao, 1 khach san dai ueu^chuan 3 sao, 16 khdch san dat lieu chuan 2 sao, 80 khach san dat lidu chua'n l_sao va mot so cd sd lifu trff khac Trong so cac c d s d Itfu tru cua Tinh, s d c d s d tfu iru CO quy mo trung binh chid'm tv le cao, Cu thd, trong u a m 7 0 i r s d c d
106
Don du khacli quoc te lai Cang Quy Nhon (BinhDinli)
sd CO quy md ldn hdn 100 budng chid'm 14%; quy md tff 20 de'n 100 huong chid^m 53%; quy md nhd hdn 20 budng chiem 33%. Dd'n nam 2017, loan Tinh cd 156 khach san, tang 4% so vdi nam 2016 vdi 3.972 phdng, Ndm 2019 Id 284 khach san vdi 6.875 phdng. Nhtf vdy, de dap ffng nhu cau Iffu tru cua khdch du lich, cdc cd sd Itfu tru cua Tinh dd khdng ngffng tang nhanh (Sd Du lich linh Bmh Dinh, 2019), Nhffng, dd'i vdi dia phffdng cd nhieu tiem ndng phdt irid'n du lich nhff linh Binh Dinh. he thd'ng cO sd Iffu ini hidn cd vdn chtfa dap ffng dffdc ydu cau ca ve sd' Iffdng va cha't Itfdng.
Vide khai thac tiem nang phat trien du lich da ddng gdp vdo ngudn thu ngdn sach, gdp ph^n giai quyd't cac vd'n de kinh Id - xa hdi cua Ti'nh.
Theo sd' Heu Bang 2, doanh ihu ciia nganh du lich tl'nh Binh Dinh tdng dan qua cdc ndm. Dac biel, nam 2019 lang hdn 2 l^n so vdi na_m 2017. Ddy la lin hieu vui cho moi nd life phdt trie'n nganh kinh td' quan trong cua linh. Tuy nhidn, doanh Ihu du lich chii yeu tff Iffu iru va an ud'ng. Nam 2018, doanh thu to tru chiem 32%, an ud'ng chid'm 41 % tdng doanh thu; trong khi dd, bdn hang va dich vu khde chi chie'm 11%, van chuyg'n vd Iff hanh chie'm 16%. Nam 2019, doanh thu tff dn ud'ng va lffu Iru tie'p luc tang, chie'm 73% tdng doanh thu cua nganh du hch; doanh thu tff ban hang. Iff hanh va van chuyd'n cd tdng, nhifng vdn chie'm ty trgng nhd. Ngodi sif ddng gdp cho ngan sdch dia phffdng, phat Irie'n du lich con gdp phan giai
quydt tdt cdc vdn de xa hdi, tao cdng an vide lam, tang thu nhap cho ngtfdi lao ddng,
Cd the' tha'y, nganh du hch dnh Binh Dinh cd btfdc phdt trie'n dang ke' trong nhieu nam vd dang trd thanh nganh kinb te' quan trgng, gdp phan chuye'n dich cd cd'u kinh te'; giai quyd't viec ldm cho ngtfdi lao ddng;
md rdng cac md'i quan he, hdp tac, lam thay dd'i hinh anh cua Tinh vdi du khach trong nffdc va qud'c td'. Tuy nhidn, san pham du hch van cdn ngheo nan, dtfa chu yd'u vao ttf nhien, chffa cd san phd'm dac tnftig; cac dich vu du Hch dang trong dnh trang ihieu ve sd'Iffdng, kem v l chat Iffdng; boat ddng xuc tid'n du Hch, quang ba hinh anh thie'u tinh chuydn nghidp, chtfa ddng bd, mang lai hidu qua chtfa cao; viec tbu hut dau ttf ddn trai...
MOT SO GIAI PHAP CAN THl/C HIEN Mpt Id, xdy ddng Chien lUdc phdt trien du lich dnh Binh Binh
Mac du Binh Dmh xac dinh phdt irie'n du Hch cd trong tdm, trpng die'm vd ben vffng, trong do Id'y du lich bid'n lam mui nhgn, du Hch van hda lam ndn tang phdt trie'n san pham ddc trtfng mang thifdng bidu, hinh anh Quy Nhdn, nhffng cho de'n nay, Tinh vdn chffa xay dffng cho minh chid'n Iffdc phdt trien du lich. Trong qua Irinh phdt trie'n, Tinh mdi chi dffng lai d vide van dung quan did'm chung trong ehie'n Iffdc phat trie'n du lich ca nffdc, can cff vao dieu kidn thtfc lien cua tinh dd dffa ra nhffng quan diem chid'n Iffdc phdt trien du lich,
Chinh vi vdy, thdi gian tdi, Chid'n Iffdc phat trid'n du lich cua tinh Binh Dinh can dtfdc xdy dffng dffa trdn nhffng phan lich, ddnh gid, Iffa chgn mang tinh khoa hgc va phai phu hdp vdi thtfc td' tiem nang, ldi the', dieu kien van hda, xa hdi cua Tinh. Chid'n Itfdc phai^
the hien rd cac muc tidu, cdc chinh sdch vd nhffng ke hoach mang tinh ddi han. Viec dffa ra nhffng muc lieu, chinh sach, kd' hoach nay phai phu hdp vdi Chien Iffdc phat trid'n du Hch Viet Nam dd'n nam 2020, tam nhin
107
KINH TE NQANH - LANH THO
dd'n nam 2030 dffdc Thu tffdng Chinh phu phe duyet tai Quye't dinh so 2473/QD-TTg, ngay 30/12/2011 va phu hop vdi dieu kidn thffc tidn dia phffdng. NghTa la Chid'n Itfdc phat trid'n du lich tinh Binh Dinb phai dffdc xdy dtfng trdn nguyen lac ihd'ng nhd't, d'n dinh, ldu dai vd mang tinh kha thi.
De' xay dtfng dtfdc Chid'n Itfdc phat trid'n du lich cua Tinh ddm bao cac nguydn idc tren, ddi hdi phai cd sff phd'i hdp chat che giffa cac sd, ban, nganh cd lien quan.
Trtfde hd't Id phai cd ddi ngu can bd gioi, lam tdt tff khdu dilu tra cd ban tiem nang, ldi thd', danh gid thtfc trang phdt trien de'n dff bdo xu the' phat hid'n trong tffdng lai, dm ra khd khdn va giai phdp khoa hgc. Dd Id cd sd de Chid'n Itfdc phat Irid'n du hch cua tinh Binh Dmh the' hidn rd muc tieu, quan didm phat tridn, cac giai phdp mang linh dinh htfdng trong tam nhin ddi han.
Hai Id, vi cd che huy dpng, sd dung vdn Dd' giai quyd't nhu can d^u Itf ldn, dam bao sff phat trid'n cua ngdnh du lich, Tinh can xem xet mdt sd' giai phdp ve vd'n, nhff sau:
(i) Ve thu hut vdn Irong nUdc. Theo do, ngdn sdch irung ffdng va ngan sach dia phffdng phdi ddnh ty le thich dang vd'n dau ttf phat tf-id'n dd' dau tff vao phat trien du Ijch theo htfdng dong bd, cd trgng lam, irong diem vd phai cd tfu ddn. Tdp trung quy hoach, dau ttf phdt tnen kd't cd'u ha t^ng, ca sd vat chat ky diudt phuc vu du lich.
Cac linh vtfc can tap trung dau ttf: cdc cdng trinh giao thdng ti-png diem; hodn thanb xdy dtfng quy hoach phat trid'n du lich cdc huyen phia Bdc Tinh, Quy hoach long the Khu du lich Qud'c gia Phtfdng Mai dd'n nam 2030;
dau Iff chinh irang do Ihi Quy Nhdn; xdy dffng can tau phuc vu du Hch; hoan ihanh xdy dtfng tuye'n phd'di bd phuc vu du Hch trdn dtfdng Xudn Didu...
Thtfc hien xd hdi hda phdt trid'n du lich, khuye'n khich cac Ihanh phan kinh te tham gia hoat ddng du Hch dtfdi nhieu hinh thffc khde nhau. Tie'p tue hoan chinh cd che'quan ly dau ttf, tao mdi trtfdng thdng ihoang ve diu ttf phdt irid'n du lich, ddn gian hda cac tbu tue hdnh chinh vd phdt trid'n cdc dich vu hd trd dau ttf de' thu hul cac nhd dau ttf.
To chffc cdc doanh nghidp boat ddng trong ITnh vffc du hch. dich vu du hch thdnh hiep hdi manh cd
tinh gan ke't cao. Tren cd sd dd. Tinh se cd cd chd', chinh sach phu hdp cho cac doanh nghidp ndy boat ddng hieu qud, lam nong cd't kd't nd'i vd la dau lau kdo he thd'ng cdc doanh nghidp khac cung phdt trien,
Thffc hien cd phan hda doanh nghiep nha nffdc cua Tinh ihudc ITnh vffc du lich vd dich vu du lich... cd the' bdn cd' phan cho nha dau ttf nffdc ngodi vdi ty Id hpp ly. Co phan hda doanh nghidp nha nffdc tao dilu kidn da dang hda hinh thffc sd hffu, dan dd'n da dang hda ngudn vd'n diu tff vao phat trie'n du Hch.
(ii) Ve thu hut vd'n ddu tU nUdc ngodi Ngodi cdc nhd dau ttf trong ntfdc, Binh Dinh nen ffu tien ibu hut cac nha diu ttf nffdc ngodi, ddc bidt Id dau tff cac Ihtfdng hidu khdch san nd'i tid'ng. Thu hut dau ttf, xay dtfng mdi mgt sd' to' hdp khdch san kd't hdp vdi trung tdm thffdng mai, nghi dffdng va to' chffc hdi nghi, hdi thao, cdc khu vui ehdi, gidi tri.
Do dd, Tinh can tao mdi trffdng dau ttf thudn ldi, thdng Ihoang, chu ddng mdi ggi cac nha dau ttf nffdc ngoai vao nhffng dtf dn dd dffdc quy hoach thd'ng nhd't:
tao dieu kidn ihudn ldi ve chinh sdch sff dung da't, gia thud dd't, giai phdng mat bang, cai cdch thii luc hdnh chinh... Phai xdy dtfng cac dtf dn ve phat trid'n cdc loai hinh du Hch mdt each cu the', chi tid't vd dly du dd' Iranh thu ngudn vd'n ODA, vay cdc to chffc tdi chinh qud'c te'.
Ben canh do, can cd chinh sach thdng thoang, keu goi, khuyd'n khich ngtfdi Viet Nam d ntfdc ngodi, dac bidt la ngffdi ddn cua Tinh dang lam vide vd sinh sd'ng d ntfdc ngoai ve dau tff tai que hffdng. Cd thd' dau tff^trffc tid'p hodc dai didn thdng qua cdc id chffc, cd nhdn ngffdi than d qud nha.Q
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
I. Chinh phu (2014). Ngh, quve'l sd92/NQ-CP, ngdv 08/12/2014 vi mdt sd,idi vhdo ddv manh phdt trien du lich Viet Nam trong thdi ky mdi ^ ^ "^ ^"^ '"""^
, 2; UBND tinh Binh Dinh (2016) Quyit dinh sd2140/QB-UBNB, ngdy 23/06/2016 vi viic phi duyet Oieu duidibo sung Quy hogch tong ihe phdt tnen du lich tinh Binh Binh din nam 2020 tdm nhin den nam 2030 ^i/^u, lum
3. VEND tmhBinhBmh (2017). Quyit dinh sd584/QB-UBND ngdy 01/03/2017 -= - ; hdnh Ke hoach thuc hien Chuang trinh hdnh dgng cUa Tinh dv thuc hiin Nghi guvei Bni Zvvn "
Bdng vd Nghi quyet Bgi hgi XIX Bdng bg Tmh vi pl^dl triin 'khoa hoc vd cdn^glfdnhm^t^l giai dogn 2016-2020 " ^ ^ - " " " ^ ' " ^ ^l^h
4. Sd Du ijch tinh Binh Dinh (2015-2019). Bdo cdo phdt iriin du lich cdc ndm tir 7(11^ ^- -ynio 5. Dd Nggc My (2017). Nghiin cdu piidt triin sdn plidm du lich ddc trUng t nh B I n u dogn 2016-2020, Be tai khoa hgc cdng nghd ca'p tinh. Binh Dinh' ' '"^ ^"^'
