DIEN O A N
P h ^ trien
Da tQ lau, vdi uu the vugt trpi ve chi phi van ehuyen tha'p, cd kha ning chuyen chd khdi lugng Idn vi ke't nd'i tren pham vi toin the
gidi, van tai bien trd thinh mpt trong nhQng cau nd'i quan trgng trong hgp tic song phuang vi da phuang.
He thd'ng ha tang cang bien la mit xich then chd't tronq van tai bien. He thd'ng cang bien, ngoii
vai trd bdc dd hing hda, cdn thuc hien hoat dpng chuyen tai vi logistics, tao gii trj gia ting
cho mpt khu vuc hay ca mpt vung rpng Idn.
L
a trung tam cua khu vyc Ddng Nam A, gan vdi Trung Qude va nim tren tuyin hang hai quan trpng xuyen Thai Binh duong, do ehua cd eang nudc sau, hang xuat nhaip khau cua Viet Nam phai chuyin tai qua eae eang trung ehuyen trong khu vyc. Oieu nay dan den mdt nghich ly la hang hda Viet Nam phai di mdt vdng qua cae cang Singapore, Hongkong..., rdi sau dd lai di ngang hai phan Viet Nam d l din cae cang tren t h i gidi. Trong bd'i canh suy thoai kinh t l toan cau, cat giam chi phi va sip xep lai san xuat la viec dau tien ma bat cir doanh nghiep nao cung hudng tdi. Do vay, viec dua eang nudc sau vao hoat dpng tai Cai Mep la sy kien quan trpng khdng chi ddi vdi nha khai thac cang hay hang tau, ma edn la tin tire dang phan khdi dd'i vdi nhtfng doanh nghiep xuat nhap khau cua cae tinh thanh phia Nam.Thang 6/2009 da danh dau mdc ddi vdi nganh Khai thae eang Viet Nam khi 2 eang nude sau Tan Cang-Cai Mep va SP-PSA dupc dua vao hoat ddng tai khu vyc Thj Vai-Cai Mep. Nhu vay, eac hang tau cd t h i triln khai tuyin djch vu tryc tilp tif Viet Nam di My va chau Au. Cac tuyen djeh vu mdi nay ciing vdi eang nudc sau se la cil hich quan trpng cho xuat khau, tang vj t h i cua hang hda Viet Nam tren thj trudng qudc t l .
Trong sudt nhiing nam thang hoat ddng vuon len trd thanh mdt doanh nghiep khai thac cang hang diu cua Viet Nam, Cdng ty Tan Cang Sai Gdn da due riit dupc nhilu bai hpc quy gia v l chiln lupc diu tu va phat triln-Mpt trong nhting bai hpc dd la phat triln dimg hudng va dau tu hieu qua: Cang container Cat Lai va cang nudc sau Tan Cang-Cai Mep la
TIEM NANG M d
cua Tcin Cang • C&i M6p
P.V nhting vi du diln hinh. Ngay tif nam 1996,
khi van de ach tie giao thdng va d nhiem mdi trudng chua trdthanh van nan tai khu vyc npi thanh TP. Hd Chi Minh, Cdng ty Tan Cang da thay trudc dupe van d l va bit dau triln khai chien lupc phat triln Cang ra khu vyc Cat Lai - TP. Hd Chi Minh. Hien thj phan hang container xuat nhap khau thdng qua eang Cat Lai chilm tren 78% thj phan toan khu vyc eac cang TP. Ho Chi Minh. Trong bdi canh suy thoai kinh te toan clu, san lupng hang hda XNK giam siit, nhung 6 thang dau nam 2009, san lupng container thdng qua Cat Lai vin tang trudng tdt. Rieng trong thang 6/2009, lupng container thdng qua Cang cd mire tang tren 31,5%
so vdi cimg ky nam trudc. Nam 2004, trong khi cac cang khac thudc khu vuc TP. Hd Chi Minh dang lung tiing chpn dja dilm va tim kilm ngudn dau tu d l di ddi thi Tan Cang da chuyin toan bd hoat ddng khai thac xudng Cat Lai va bit dau khdi dpng du an Cai Mep nhim ddn dau xu the tang tai trpng cua dpi tau van tai container, phii hpp vdi djnh hudng quy hoach phat triln he thdng cang biln qude gia va phat triln kinh t l vimg trpng diem phia Nam.
Tpa lac tai xa Tan Phude, huyen Tan Thanh, tinh Ba Rja-Vung Tau, cang Tan Cang-Cai Mep cd quy md khi hoan thien la 900m cau tau cho tau 80.000 DWT;
60ha bai; 10 cau bd bde dd container ehuyen dung vdi sire nang 65 tan, cd t h i bdc dd ddng thdi 02 container 20'; 40 cau RTG chuyen diing bdc xe'p container
trong bai, sire nang 40 tan, chat cao 5 tang, ciing he thdng phin mIm quan ly dilu hanh cang container hien dai dat tieu ehuan qudc t l . Oi vao khai thae d giai doan 1 vdi 300m cau tau va 20ha bai, dp sau trudc bin -15,8m, Tan Cang-Cai Mep trd thanh cang nudc sau diu tien ddn tau Idn nhat tai Viet Nam. Sau hon mdt thang hoat ddng, Cang da td chirc khai thac rat hieu qua, dupe Hang tau MOL va khach hang danh gia cao ve chat lupng djch vu va tinh ehuyen nghiep. Cang nudc sau Tan Cang-Cai Mep di vao khai thac khdng chi mang lai Ipi ieh cho doanh nghiep Viet Nam, ma doanh nghiep xuat khau eua Campuchia cung dupc hudng Ipi. Hien nay, container tir PhnomPenh dupc van ehuyin bing sa lan ty hanh den cang Cai Mep vao thir Hai hang tuan d l bit kjp ehuyen tau thir Nam. Thai gian di tir PhnomPenh din Cai Mep mat khoang hai ngay. Lupng hang Campuchia trung ehuyin qua Cai Mep di My trung binh khoang 100 TEU/ehuyln. Lupng^ hang nay se tang len khi cae hang tau triln khai them tau vao Cai Mep. Mdt sd hang tau dang xiie tien khai thac cang nudc sau cua Viet Nam nhu mdt eang trung chuyin cua kiiu vyc. Cae hang tau da cd ke hoach dua hang tif Indonesia, Philippines, Thai Lan va An Op den vdi Cai Mep. Ngay sau khi Hang tau APL (Singapore) va MOL (Nhat) thudc Lien minh van tai t h i gidi mdi (NWA) triln khai tuyin djch vu PSX va PSI sang bd Tay nudc My, Hang tau Hanjin ciing Hiep hdi CHYK (Cosco, Hanjin, Yangming va
1 6 - Tapchf HdnghdiVietNam • 10/2009
DIEN O A N P h ^ t t r i e n
K'line) cung rao riet cae cdng tae ehuan bj triln khai dua tau me vao eang nudc sau Tan Cang-Cai Mep. Ngay 07/7/2009, l l ddn chuye'n tau diu tien-tau HANJIN COLOMBO V.0102E thupc tuyin dich vu van chuyin tryc tiep giira Nam Viet Nam va khu vyc Tay Nam Thai
Binh duong cua My (tuyin djch vu SJXJ da dupc td chirc tai Tan Cang-Cai Mep. Hang tau Hanjin se dua 6 tau, trpng tai 4.000-4.300 TEU vao khai thac tai tuyin nay vdi chu trinh: Cang Klang (Malaysia) - Singapore - Cai Mep - Yantian (Trung Qud'c) - Tokyo - Osaka - Long Beach - Oakland (My). Tuyen djch vu se mang din cho khach hang thdi gian chuyin tai nhanh chdng ehi mat 16 ngay tdi bd Tay nude My. Trong giai doan 2, Hanjin se can nhlc triln khai eae tuyen djch vu tif Cai Mep va cac nudc chau A khac va tuye'n djch vu tryc tilp tir Cai Mep di chau Au. Theo cac hang tau, mdt container tif Campuchia di My trung ehuyin qua Viet Nam se riit ngin dupe mdt tuin va tilt kiem dupc 200-300 USD so vdi trung chuyin qua Singapore, Hongkong. Do vay, mdt phin khdng nhd lupng container trung ehuyin eua eac nude se djeh chuyin sang cang Viet Nam. Cdn ddi vdi doanh nghiep Viet Nam, hang xuat khau tryc tilp di My se giiip riit ngin chudi cung img va giam thilu rui ro.
Cang Tan Cang-Cai Mep dang thu hiit ngay eang nhieu cac hang tau va khach hang nhd trang thilt bj xIp dd va he thd'ng quan ly hien dai dat ehuan qude t l , dpi ngu nhan vien chuyen nghiep, tan tam. Cang da dau tu mua phan mIm quan ly khai thae eang TOPX cua RBS (Australia) cimg nhting thilt bj phan cimg ddng bp kit ndi vdi he thdng wireless tren bai dam bao quan ly container va cac phuong tien xIp dd tai Cang theo thdi gian thyc.
He thdng mdi cung cho phep khach hang, hang tau va Cang ed t h i trao ddi cac thdng tin true tilp bang EDI, tiln tdi kit ndi vdi he thd'ng cua Hai quan d l thyc hien cae thu tuc thdng quan dien tiitao thuan lpi cho khach hang. Hien han 90% hang nhap xuat gitra khu vuc TP. Hd Chi Minh ra Cai Mep dupc van chuyin bang dudng thuy. Cdng ty Tan Cang Sai Gdn cd dpi sa lan 15 chile, tdng sire ehd 750 TEU va he thdng kit ndi tai cang Tan Cang, cang Cat Lai, cac ICD khu vyc TP. Hd Chi Minh, ICD Sdng Thin tai Binh Duong va ICD Long Binh tai Bien Hda Ddng Nai vdi ca sd vat chat hiing hau tao thanh he thd'ng logistics hoan ehinh sin sang phuc vu cho viec giao nhan hang hda khu vyc TP. Ho Chi Minh va Ddng Nai, Binh Duong.
Cdng ty Tan Cang Sai Gdn cung dang khan truong xay dyng tilp giai doan 2 gdm 590m cau tau va kho bai tren dien tich 40ha d l ciing eac hang tau Hanjin, Mitsui O.S.K va Wanhai lien kit khai thac vao diu nam 2011.
Thang 8/2009, tai Cai Mep lai cd them 50m cau tau va thang 11 cd them 35m, nang tdng ehilu dai cau tau tai Cai Mep len 385m vao cudi thang 11/2009.
Vdi CO sd vat chat ky thuat hien dai, vj tri thuan lpi va he thd'ng logistics kit ndi hoan ehinh vdi eac tinh thudc viing kinh t l trpng dilm phia Nam, Tan Cang-Cai Mep se la dilm den day hira hen dd'i vdi cac hang tau, dai ly, cac nha xuat nhap khau trong va ngoai nudc... Cd dupc ket qua dd la nhd sy "nhin xa trdng rdng" dau tu, diing hudng, md rdng quy md eung nhu qua trinh "phan dau lien tue;
doan kit lien tuc; nang ddng, sang tao lien tuc" cua tap t h i ngudi iao ddng Cdng ty Tan Cang Sai Gdn OD
p G HAI vmw.
Ap luc qua tai ve hang Ma
C
ang Hai Phdng dang phai tilp nhan mdt lupng hang hda gap nhieu lan so vdi cdng suat thiet ke: Theo k l hoach, nam 2009 cac cang khu vuc Hai Phdng se thdng qua khoang 30 trieu tan hang hda; rieng cang Hai Phong chiem gan 50% san luong, vuot xap xl 5 lan so vdi cdng suat thiet ke ban dau.Tif cudi thang 6 vii'a qua, d tat ca cac cau tau cija Gang thudng xuyen chat kin tau lam hang, ddng thdi nhieu tau khac phai neo ngoai khoi chd cap ben.
Sd df cd tinh trang nay la do d Gang chi cd mdt xi nghiep xep dd dupc trang bj phuong tien chuyen dung phuc vu giai phdng tau hang rdi (chd phan bdn, thirc an gia siic...). Ngoai ra, Cang hien chi cd he thdng "d" d m dien cd the tiep nhan, bao quan khoang 300 container ddng lanh, song nhiing thang gan day thudng xuyen cd hon 1.000 con- tainer, cao nhat len tdi 1.600 container, tap trung d khu vyc Chiia Ve.
De giai quylt sd container lanh tdn dpng lau ngay, Cang da phai thiet ke them hang nghin d cam dien, keo day dien ra ngoai bai.
Cd khoang 4.000 lupt xe tai tap kit va rut hang d cang Hai Phdng mdi ngay, chu ylu bang dudng bp (chiem hon 80% san lupng), cdn lai bing dudng sat va dudng thuy, nen thudng xuyen bj ap lyc qua tai trong khau van chuyen hang...
Viec thilu bai dd dau xe va quy dinh cam xe container hoat ddng vao ban ngay tai nhieu tuyen dudng d Hai Phong cung gay ap lyc Idn cho viec van chuyin hang ve dem, keo theo nhieu he luy ve kinh te va xa hpi...
Thang 12 tdi day, cang Hai Phdng cdn phai ddi mat vdi thach thifc khi cac dilm chuyin tai hang tai khu vyc Ha Long phai ddng cua theo quy djnh. Va vay la Cang dimg trudc nguy co "dap chieu" cac loai thiet bi bdc do chuyen dimg, ddng gdi hang rdi tai ben. Dieu nay keo theo cac don vi van tai khac cung bi anh hudng.
o l giai quyet mpt phan nhting khd khan tren, giai doan trudc mit, Cang can khan truang phdi hep vdi cac co quan huu quan tiln hanh duy tu, nao vet, duy tri dp sau ludng tau can thilt phuc vu cac tau hang Idn ra vao Cang thuan tien.
Ben canh dd la bao dam sy ddng bd, gin kit gitfa cac he thdng cang, ludng va cac tuyen giao thdng dudng sat, dudng bp ndi vdi Cang nhim giai tda nhanh hang hda.
Hy vpng, khi cang cua ngd qudc t l Hai Phdng-Lach Huyen di vao khai thac, tinh trang tic nghen luu thdng hang hda d cang Hai Phdng se duoc cai thien OP
H 6 N G ANH (Tdng hgp)
