26^ §m
W3i,l S6 4-2012 DQUVAHQC .JNGAYNAYNghien cuU, giang day Ljeh sir dja phifdng ldp 11 (tinh Gia Lai) ^ the hien
qua ban do tif duy
ThS. N G 6 MINH Hipp
Trudng THPT Ld Thdnh Tdng - Gia Lai
1. Ly Iu3n chung
Ljeh sQ dja phUdng (LSDP) ed t h l hilu ddn gidn Id "Dja phuan^', nd khdng gidng vdi "ci nUdd', "din tgd' hay "trung t/an^', nhung nd Id mdt bd phdn d u thdnh eua ljeh sd ddn tdc nd khdng tdeh rdi tiln trinh Ijch sQ ddn tdc md nd mang nhQng sac thdi rieng bd xung cho ljeh sQ ddn tdc, vd chju tdc ddng cua bdi d n h Ijch sQ ddn tpc thdi dilm dd.
Trong gido dye phd thdng, LSDP ed nhidm vy nghidn cQu mdt ddn vj hdnh chinh nhit djnh, vdi tat ea ede mdt kinh te, ehinh trj, xa hdi, van hda- dang thdng sQ v l dja phUdng dd ndi nd ddng chdn. Qua nhien cQu Ijch sd dja phUdng, se Idm dd tien trinh vd dde thu eua LSDP, nd bd xung hodc dinh chfnh Ijch sQ ddn tdc. Song d n phdn bipt vdi ede chuydn khao xiy ra d dja phUdng dd. Ddi vdi gido vien (GV) thl LSDP la d u ndi vdi nhdn dan dja phUdng dang sdng, qua dd bdi d i p quan dilm vd y thQc edng tdc quin chung, rdn luypn phUdng F>hdp nghidn cQu, kha ndng g i n k i t LSDP vdi Ijch sQ ddn tdc. Tao ndn nhOng xuc dpng cho hpc sinh (HS), bdi dUdng tinh ydu qud hUdng dIt nude vd trdeh nhipm eua ed nhdn. Ddy cung xem Id hoat ddng tich eye eua d thIy vd trd ede trudng Trung hpc phd thdng (THPT).
Tren thyc t l , sd tilt eho LSDP khdng nhilu (tQ Idp 4 d i n Idp 12), trong dd Idp 11 Id 1 tilt, sd tilt ndy qud ft so vdi khdi lupng d n g viec GV vd HS chuln bj cung nhu giai q u y l l Vide to chQc day LSDP cd t h l diln ra ngay tai Idp hpc hay nhd cdng cdng thye dja tpi dja phydng. Nhilu ndi cdn coi nd nhu Id ngoai khda, hoat ddng qua loa hinh thdc ho$c khdng thye hidn.
Ddi vdi trydng trinh Ijch sQ Idp 11, thl trong khda trinh LS dan tdc Id thdi d " dpi (1858-1918), do dd khi day LSDP cQng phai gan vdi npi dung eua khda trinh day hpc, d i m b i o tfnh lidn he, ddi sdnh thiet thyc. Tuy nhien do tu lidu v l LSDP rlt phong phu so vdi todn bd khda trinh LSDP, nhit Id Idp 12 (tQ 1918- nay). Do dd v l thdi gian se dupe khdo ddi tQ (1858-1930) d l Idp 12 trong 2 tilt d i m bao khdi qudt hit dupe LSDP Gia Lai tQ (1930-nay).
Ljeh sQ Id mdn hpc eung d p cho hpc sinh nhQng kiln thQc cda con ngUdi trdn binh dien qudc gia vd qudc te, Idm ed sd cho hinh thdnh t h l gidi quan khoa hpc; gido dye ty tydng tlnh d m dung dan; ddng thdi ren luyen cho hpc sinh cdc kTndng hdnh
ddng, Qng xU phu hpp vdi mdi tofdng ty nhidn, xd hdi, phu hpp vdi ydu d u eua dIt nude vd xu t h l cua thdi dai theo ldi "dn c6 tri tirl'. D l dat dupe myc tidu ndy d n thilt phdi d sy ddi mdi sdch gido khoa vd phydng phdp day hpc mdt d c h phu hpp va tUdng xdng.
Theo Nghj quylt 49/CP cua Chfnh phii v l phdt triln CNTT eua Vidt Nam ndm 1996. thl "Cdng nghi thdng tin (CNTT) Ii tip hdp cic phuang phip khoa hgc, cac phuang tien vi cdng cij ky thuit hien d^i - chd yiu Ii Aty thuit miy tlnh vi viin thdng - nhim tS chdc, khai thic vi sd di/ng cd hieu qui ngudn tii nguydn thdng tin rit phong phu vi tiim ting trong mgi tinh vUc ho^t ddng cda con ngddi vi xa hdi ..CNTT dugc phit thin trin nin ting phit trien cua cic cdng nghg tin hpc, vda Ii cdng nghe, vda ii /(y thuit, bao trum ci tin hgc, viin thdng vi tif ddng hod"
CNTT dupe Qudc hdi nude Cdng hda xd hdi chu nghia Viet Nam khda 11, ky hpp thQ 9 thdng qua ngdy 22 thdng 6 nam 2006. Theo dd CNTT "ii t$p hpp cic phUOng phip khoa hgc, cdng nghi vi cdng cif ky thuit hi$n d^i disin xuit, tnjyin dda, thu thip, xd ly, luu trd vi trao dSi thdng tin si.
Trong day vd hpc Ljeh sQ, d l ghi nhd mdt khdi lUpng tri thQc khdng id cua nhdn loai ngudi ta hay ve nhdnh hay vach y d l eho d l nhd. Tuy nhidn theo cdc nhd ly luan Gido dye hpc thl lpi gpi Id B i n dd tU duy (BDTD) hay cdn gpi Id sd dd tu duy, lupe dd tu duy,.- Dd Id hinh thQc "ghi chdp" bing d c h kit hpp vide sQ dyng ddng thdi hinh inh, dudng nit, miusic, chQ viit vdlsi/tuduy tich ctfc nhIm tim tdi ddo sdu, md rdng mdt y tudng. D$c bidt BDTD Ii mdtsd dd rit md, khdng yiu ciu tl 1$, chi tiit khit khe nhu bin dS dia Ii, cd thi ve thim hoic bdt cic nhinh, mdi ngddi ve mdt kiiu khic nhau, ddng miu sac, hinh inh, cic cifm td diin d^t khic nhau, cdng mdt chO di nhdng mdi ngUdi cd thi "thi hiin' nd theo mdt each ning do dd vide l$p BDTD phdt huy dupe tdi da nang lye sdng tao ei!ia m l i ngydi.
Ban dd ty duy (BDTD) id mdt hinh thQc ghi chdp sQ dyng mdu s i c vd hinh Inh, de md rpng vd ddo sdu cdc y tUdng. 0 giQa BDTD Id mdt y tUdng hay hinh anh trung tdm. ^ hay hinh Inh trung tdm ndy se dupe phdt trien bang cdc nhdnh tUpng trung eho nhQng y chfnh vd d i u dupe ndi vdi y toing tdm.
TQ k i t q u i nghidn cQu v l LSDP Gia Lai, k i t hpp vdi CNTT chdng tdi sQ dyng BDTD d l thyc hipn bdi gilng ndy.
D^vaHpC so4-2o^2
^NGAY NAY _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2. To chi?c nghien ci?u va sijf dung ket quS nghien ciTu vao bai gi§ng LS DP (ldp 11) tinh Gia Lai qua BDTD.
Trong khudn khd bai vilt nay ehdng tdi dUa ra each giai quylt nhu sau:
- Ve muc tieu bai hpc:
Kiln thQc
- Giup HS nam dupe kiln thQc cd ban v l dm mUu xdm lUpc d i n todn bd tlnh Gia Lai cua thyc ddn Phdp.
HS tha'y dype tinh thin bit khud't kidn cudng, tinh dodn kit eua nhdn ddn ede ddn tpc Gia Lai chdng thye ddn Phdp xdm lupe.
- HS thay dupe nhQng tac ddng hay chuyin biln cua kinh te xa hdi Gia Lai tQ khi Phdp xdm iQpc cai trj d i n hit chiln tranh the gidi thQ nhat.
Ky nang
- Rdn luyen ky ndng lien he, so sdnh ddi chieu tdng hpp, rut ra bdi hpc kinh nghidm cung nhu nhdn djnh sy vide.
Thdi dp
- Gido dye tinh d m , tinh yeu qud hUdng dIt nude, y chf dau tranh cdch mang.
Ve tai lipu tham khdo xay dyng bai gidng LSDP va BDTD.
L Nguyin Anh (1968), Giio due vung din tdc it ngddi, giio due chuyin nghiep vi giio due td thuc d Viet Nam thdi thudc Phifi', Tap chf Ngien edu Ijch sQ, (sd 107), tr. 28 - 33.
2. Nguyin Quang An (2003), Viet Nam nhdng thay doi dia danh vi dia gidi dc dan vj hinh chinh 1945- 1997, Nxb Vdn hda thdng tin. Ha Ndi.
3. Ban chap hanh Dang bd tlnh Gia Lai (2009), IJch sd Ding Bg tlnh Gia Lai (1945-2005), Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia. Ha Npi.
4. Phan Van Be (1993), Tiy Nguyen sOlUOc, Tip 1 (TUthdi nguyen thu^ den cich mang thing Tim 1945), Hdi Gido dye ljeh sQ (thudc Hdi Sif hpc Viet Nam), Ha Ndi.
5. Trln Dinh Chdu, Dang Thi Thu Thuy, To chdc hoat ddng day hgc vdi ban do td duy, Bdo Gido dye vd Thdi dai, sd 184 vd 185 ndm thd 51 (thdng 11/2010).
6.- Nguyin Van Chien (2001), Chinh sich thong trj cda thdc din Phip d Tiy Nguyen td cudi thi 1^ XIX den 1945, Trudng dai hpc sU pham Ha Npi, Khoa Ljeh sd, Mdt s6 vin de lich sd, Nxb Dai hpc qudc gia. Ha Ndi.
7.- CQu Long Giang-Toan Anh (1974), MiSn Thdang Cao nguyin Viet Nam, Sdi Gdn.
8. - LUU Hung (1994), Ling budn co truyin xd Thdang, Nxb Van hda ddn tdc. Ha Ndi.
9. - Nguyin Van Khanh (1983), Vii net ve chinh sich cai tri cda thdc din Phip dii vdi cac din tdc thieu si d phia Bic vi Tiy Nguyen, Tpp chi Dan tdc hpc (sd 3), tr. 55- 60.
10.- Pham Van Thdnh (1989), Tic dgng cda chd nghia thdc din, Trong Tiy Nguyen trin con dddng phit triin, Hd Ndi.
11.- Nguyin Tuan Tridt (2000;, Lich sd phit triin cic tgc ngudi Mi Lai- Da Dio, Nxb Khoa hpc xa hdi.
12.- Phan Dang Nhdt (2007), Luit tuc vdi ddi song, tip 1, Nxb TU phdp, Hd Ndi.
13. -l!ly ban KHXH (1989), Tiy Nguyen trin dddng phit triin, Nxb KHXH, Ha Ndi.
14.- Oy ban KHXH (1986), Mot so vin de kinh te - xa hdi Tiy Nguyen, Nxb KHXH.
15.- Uy ban nhan dan tlnh Gia Lai, Tpp chf Viet Nam va Ddng Nam A ngdy nay (1999), Gia Lai dit nddc con ngddi, Sd Vdn hda thdng tin Gia Lai.
16.- Uy ban nhdn dan tlnh Gia Lai (1999), Dia chi Gia Lai, Nxb Vdn hda ddn tdc. Ha Ndi.
17.- Dang Nghidn Vpn (chu bien) (1981), Cic din tgc tlnh Gia Lai- KonTum, Nxb KHXH, Hd Npi.
18.- Nguyin Thi Kim Vdn (2000), Qui trinh khai phi dit dai vi tif cdeda ngadi Viit d Gia Lai - Kon Turn td thi k^ thd XVII din ndi diu thikf' XX, Tpp chi Nghidn cQu ljeh sd (sd 5), tr. 43 - 49.
19.- Vidn ljeh sQ Ding hdi ddng bidn sopn lich sd Nam trung bd khdng chiln (1992), Nam trung bg khing ehiin 1945-
1975, Hd Ndi.
20.- Cdc tranh anh v l Tdy Nguydn trUde each mang thdng tdm. Tdi lidu GV di diln da. Tai lidu HS suu tam.
' Ndi dung kien thdc can truyen tdi (dpng khung):
Gdm hai phln:
1. NhOng ddng gdp cua nhdn ddn ede dan toe Gia Lai vao sy nghidp gili phdng dan tdc (1858-1930).
1.1. Nguydn nhdn Thyc ddn Phdp xdm lupe Gia Lai.
1.2. Cdc cude khdi nghTa chdng Phdp xdm lupe nd ra tren dja bdn Gia Lai.
1.3. Cdc nhdn vdt ljeh sQtieu bieu ehdng Phdp eua tlnh Gia Lai.
2. NhQng chuydn bien kinh te - xa hpi Gia Lai dudi thdi Phdp thupe tQ nam 1858-1930.
2.1. Chfnh sdch cai trj cua Thye dan Phap tai Gia Lai.
2.2. Sy hinh thdnh cdc ddn vi hanh ehinh tlnh Gia Lai.
2.3. Chuyin biln kinh te.
2.4. Chuyen bien xa hpi.
* Kit luan bai.
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' • < • *
NhtViig ddtio gop cua iiiini daii Gin IM vno kliAiig cliieu ch6tig P h ^
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14cll sit din pkixoug Gin Lni (ISJS- 1 9 3 0 )
lop 11 —
- -'.'i"l«^,rt,
Cluiyeit btiii luiUi Ic xa hqi Oia L:u tl\t6i tUdri Pltop thu9c (1S58- 19J0)
3. K§'t luan
Viec nghidn cQu vd sQdyng kit qua nghien cQu LS DP tlnh Gia Lai la hoan toan d n thilt.
Qua vide nghien cQu van d l nay se bo sung them tu lieu cho viec tim hieu Ijch sd Viet Nam, Tdy Nguyen, Gia Lai.
Ddng thdi khIng djnh dupe gid trj t i m vdc cda Gia Lai ddi vdi Ijch sQ dan tdc. Viec nghien cQu Gia Lai da ed nhieu tdc gia, song d dpng nghien cdu chuyen mdn khdc nhau, phyc vu eho
(Xem tiep trang 35)
Dauvi
,JN(
aHpC 5 0 4-2012
NGAy NAY . . _ _
Wmi/^iM^ 35
Ap dung kien thirc ve each
"Tim boi Chung nho nhat cua hai so"
de giai toan cf Tieu hpc
VO XUAN NGHI
Trudng T i i u hpc Qudng Hpp, Qudng Trpch, Quang Binh
K
iln thdc v l cdch "Tim Bdi chung nhd nhd't eua hai s6"len Trung hpc cdsd hpc sinh mdi dupe hpc. Tuy nhidn, doi vdi hpc sinh gidi d Tiiu hpc ta cd t h l gidp cdc em tiep can cdch tim Bdi chung nhd nhit eua hai so' vl nd h i trp rlt nhieu trong viec gidi mdt so bdi todn " Tim thdi gian dS vdl nudc chay vio day tii'. Sau day Id cdch hudng d i n hpc sinh Idm mdt sd bdi loan ed lien quan den vide ttm Bdi chung nhd nhat.
Bai 1 :Neu b l khdng cd nude ngudi ta md mdt vdi thd nhat thl sau 4 gid be se day. Neu be khdng ed nude ngudi ta md ea hai vdi thi sau 3 gid be se day. Hdi neu b l khdng cd nude ngudi ta md mpt vdi thd hai thi sau bao lau be day?
Hudng din hgc sinh giii bii toin niy nhu sau:
Ta thay sd nhd nhat chia h i t eho 3 vd 4 la: 12 (Bpi chung nhd nhat eua 3 va 4 Id: 12)
Gia sd be nude chia ra 12 phan,
+1 gid vdi thd nhat chay dupe: 12: 4 =3(phan) +1 gid ca hai vdi chay dupe: 12: 3 =4(phan) +1 gid vdi thd hai chay dupe: 4 - 3 = 1 (phan)
Thdi gian de vdi thd hai chay vdo day be Id: 12: 1 = 1 2 ( g i d ) ^
Ddpsd: 12 gid
Bai 2: Neu be khdng ed nude ngUdi ta md mdt vdi thd nhat thl sau 6 gid be se day, cdn ngudi ta md mdt vdi thd hai thi sau 9 gid be se day. Khi b l khdng ed nUde ngudi ta md vdi thd nhat chay trong 1 gid roi sau dd md tiep vdi thd hai edng chay. Hdi hai vdi eung chay tiep trong bao lau nda thl be day?
Hudng ddn hpc sinh giai bdi loan ndy nhu sau:
Ta thay sd nho nhat chia hit cho 6 vd 9 Id: 18 (Bdi chung nhd nhd't eua 6va 9 id: 18)
Gia sd be nUde chia ra 18 phan,
+1 gid vdi thd nhat chay dupe: 18: 6 = 3 (phan) +1 gid vdi thd hai chay dupe: 18:9 = 2 (phan) +1 gid ca hai vdi chay dupe: 3 + 2 = 5 (phan)
Be nude chia ra 18 phan, sau 1 gid vdi thd nhd't chay dupe 3 phan cdn lpi 15 phan
-Thdi gian de ca hai vdi cung chay tiep vdo day b l Id: 15:
5 = 3( gid)^
Dap so: 3 gid
Bai 3: Neu be khdng ed nude ngUdi ta md mpt vdi thd nhat thi sau 4 gid be se day. Neu be khdng ed nudc ngudi ta md mdt
vdi thd hai thl sau 6 gid b l se day. Hdi nlu b l khdng cd nude ngudi ta md ca hai vdi cung Idc thl sau bao Idu b l day?
Hudng dan hpc sinh giai bdi todn ndy nhu sau:
Ta thd'y sd nhd nhd't chia hit eho 4 va 6 Id: 12 (Bpi chung nhd nhat cua 4 vd 6 Id: 12)
Gid sd be nude chia ra 12 phan,
+1 gid vdi thd nhd't chay dupe: 12: 4 =3(phan) +1 gid vdi thd hai chay dupe: 12: 6 = 2( phan) +1 gid ea hai vdi chay dupe 3+ 2 = 5( phan) -Thdi gian de ea hai vdi chay vdo day be la:
12: 5 = 2,4 (gid) Ddp sd: 2,4 gid
Cd the sd dyng cdch giai nay de giai ede bdi loan ve "
Tim thdi gian dehoin thinh mgt cong vigc"b Tieu hpc. Cae bpn cd each giai ndo hay hdn khdng ? Rat mong cd dupe sy trao doi.
Nghien ciiU,
i
(Tiip theo trang 27)
nhdng ehUdng trinh myc dfch khdc nhau md chUa cd sy tong hpp, ehUa the sU dyng k i t q u i dd vdo giang dpy ft ra Id theo Idi thdng sd phyc vy cho GV vd HS d p THPT cua tlnh nhd theo ydu cau cda dac thd gido dye THPT. Thyc tiln hidn nay eho thIy hpc sinh rat thd d vdi Ijch sd dan tdc ndi chung vd Ijch sd tlnh nhd thl hlu nhu khdng biet. Do vdy vide nghien cdu id hodn todn can thiet, vda cap bdch ydalduddi, ,
D^e bidt Gia Lai ednhhieu van de lien quan d i n ljeh sd ddn tpc tdn gido qua d l tdi ndy se lam sdng to nhieU gid trj khoa hpc, gdp phln dau tranh chong lpi cae quan diem sai trai.5(u;^en tpc, eung cd niem tin cCia cae the herihdn ddn dari'tpt Gia Lai vdo Ding, vaoche dd, vdo tUdng jaitudng dpp cda dan tpc . , ' ' 4, Tddd, chdhg Tdi khliyen nghj can bien sbpri vd to chflc
||jf|;jiuart;|q|iuari trln d j a ' 1 ^ ^
!lig|ien;)cdu vd sd dyrig kl^
t^i;^a;Chdthayqua nghien cduV^^ iqua doMCjuar;
Kd thdng?SDTD'ldlidP l y v l hidu q d l nhat.'? •
