رويين يا ژوبين

ﻦﻴﺑﻭژ ﺎﻳ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ

ﻰﻧﺎﻳﻭﺎﻛ ﻰﻔﻄﺼﻣ

ﻥﻮﺘﻣ ﺮﮕﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻭ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ

(158 ـ 157 ﺖﻴﺑ ،18 ﺹ ،4 ﺝ) ﻮﻜﺴﻣ پﺎﭼ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ﺭﺩ :ﻢﻴﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻰﻣ ﮓﻨﺸﭘ ﻢﺨﺗﺯ ﺮﺘﻬﻣ ﻪﺳ ﻭ ﻰﺳ ﻮﭼ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺯﻭﺭ ﻥﺎﺸﻫﺎﺷ ﻯﺪﺑ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻪﻛ

ﺱﻮﻛ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻯﺪﺑ ﻭﺍ ﺩﺮـﺒﻧ ﻩﺎﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺱﻮﺗ ﺩﺎـــﻣﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺩﺮــﮔ ﻥﺎــﺒﻬﮕﻧ

ﺖﻴﺑ ،12 ﺹ ،3 ﺝ) ﻰﻘﻟﺎﺧ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ پﺎﭼ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ^ﺭﺩ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ (152 ـ 151

:ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻝﺪﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻰﻗﺭﻭﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ :ﺁ ،ﻦﻟ ،ﻰﻟ ﺰﻴﻧ) ﻕ ؛ﻥﺎﺸﻫﺎﺷ ﺪﺑ ﺵﻭﺪﻴﺷ ﻪﻛ :ﻑ ﻪﻛ :ﻭ ؛ﻥﺎﺸﻫﺎﺷ ﻯﺪﺑ ﻦﺷﻭﺭ ﻪﻛ :ﻦﻟ ؛ﻥﺎﺷﺯﺎﺳ ﻯﺪﺑ ﻦﻴﺑﻭژ

.(ﻥﺎﺸﺸﻴﭘ ﻯﺪﺑ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﺹ ،3 ﺝ) ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻗﺎﻴﺳﺮﻴﺑﺩ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻰﭘﺎﭼ ﻦﺘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ،ﺖﻴﺑ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ (195 ـ 193 ﺖﻴﺑ ،683

:ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺖﻴﺑ ﻪﺳ ﮓﻨﺸﭘ ﻢﺨﺗﺯ ﻰﮕﻨﺟ ﻪﺳ ﻭ ﻰﺳ ﻮﭼ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺯﻭﺭ ﻥﺎﺷﺯﺎﺳ ﻯﺪﺑ ﻦﻴﺑﻭژ ﻪﻛ

ﻮـــﻳﺭ ﺩﻮـﺑ ﻰــﻤﻫ ﻥﺎـﺸﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﺒﻬﮕﻧ ﻮـﻴﻧ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻮـﻴﺸﻫ ﻭ ﺮــﻴﻟﺩ ﻯﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﻛ

ﺱﻮﻛ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻯﺪــﺑ ﻭﺍ ﺩﺮــﺒﻧ ﻩﺎﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺱﻮﺗ ﺩﺎــﻣﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺩﺮـــﮔ ﻥﺎـﺒﻬﮕﻧ

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ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺴﻳﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ،ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ ﺔﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ^ﺭﺩ ﺩﺎﻣﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺪﻧ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻯﺩﺎﻣﺍﺩ ﺰﮔﺮﻫ ﺪﺒﻬﭙﺳ ﺱﻮﺗ ﻭ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ (^Rivniz ﺎﻳ ^Reyniz) ﺰﻴﻧ ﻯﻭﺭ ،ﺱﻮﺗ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺭﻻﺎﺴﻬﭙﺳ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻯﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺘﺴﺨﻧ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍﺩ ﻦﻤﺿ ،ﻢﻳﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﺎﻨﺷﺁ ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ ﺔﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ^{ﺭﺩ ﻪﺴﻳﻭ} ﻭ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻯﺯﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﮔﻮﭼ ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﻭ ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ ﺰﻴﮕﻧﺍ ﻢﻏ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ ﺭﺎﻳ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺮﻓ ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ ﺩﺰﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺍﺪﻣﺎﻧ ﻩﺪﻴﺷ ﻥﻮﭼ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻮﭼ

ﻥﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ،ﻥﺎﻤﻴﭘ ﺖﺳﺭﺩ ﺓﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﻰﺘﺣ ﻢﻴﺧژﺩ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻳﺪﻧﺍﺪﺑ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻰﻨﻤﻳﺮﻫﺍ ﻭ ﻪﻧﺍﺩﺮﺨﺑﺎﻧ ﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﻞﺘﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧﺍﺩﺮﻤﻧﺍﻮﺟﺎﻧ ﻩﺭﺯ ﻯﻭﺮﮔ ﻥﻮﭼ ﻰﻳﻮﺧ ﺖﺷﺯ ﺶﻄﻋ ،ﺪﻧﺩﺯ ﻥﺩﺮﮔ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻰﻧﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﻭﻻﺩ ﺎﻫﺪﺻ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻜﺴﺗ ،ﺩﻮﺑ ﻯﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻥﻮﺧ ﺔﻨﺸﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺮﻳﺬﭘﺎﻧ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻥﺎﻴﻧﺎﺑﺮﻗ ﻭﺍ ﺰﻳﺮﻧﻮﺧ ﻭ ﺶﻛﺮﺳ ﻊﺒﻃ ﻥﺍﺯﻮﺳ ﺶﺗﺁ .ﺖﻓﺎﻴﻧ ﺭﺍﺩﺭﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﺧﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺸﻳﺪﻧﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻴﺒﻠﻃ ﻰﻣ ﻯﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ،ﺩﻮﺑ ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ ﻯﺎﻓﻭﺎﺑ ﺖﻔﺟ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺭ ،ﺲﻴﮕﻧﺮﻓ ،ﺶﻳﻮﺧ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ .ﺪﻧﺎﻤﻧ ﻰﻗﺎﺑ ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻠﺴﻧ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻧﺎﺳﺮﺑ ﻞﺘﻗ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﻰﻣ ﻚﻴﻧ ﺏﺁ ﺪﺷﻮﭘ ﻪﻴﺳ ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺮﻔﻧ ﺭﺍﺯ ﺪﻨﻛ

ﺔﺤﻔﺻ ،ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ گﻮﺳ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺏﻮﻜﺴﻣ ﺥﺮﻫﺎﺷ ﻯﺎﻗﺁ ﺪﻨﺑﺎﺗ ﻰﻤﻧﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻴﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ گﺮﻣ» :ﺪﻳﻮﮔ ﻰﻣ ،36 ،ﺪﻴﺷﺭﻮﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺏﻭﺮﻏ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻝﺎﺤﻣ ﻭﺍ ﺓﺪﻨﺸﻛ ﻰﻳﺎﻫﺭ ﻭ

«.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻜﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺓﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻩﺎﺒﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺏﺎﺘﻓﺁ ﻦﻳﻮﻜﺗ ﻭ ﺪﻴﻠﭘ ﺪﺼﻗ ﻭ ﻡﻮﺷ ﺖﻴﻧ ﻯﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ،ﺯﻮﻴﺳﺮﮔ ،ﺵﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ (ﺲﻴﮕﻧﺮﻓ ﻯﺩﻮﺑﺎﻧ) ﺩﻮﺧ ﻰﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍﺮﻴﻏ ﻭ ﻰﺘﻔﺻ ﻥﺎﻄﻴﺷ ﻭ ﻰﻣﺩﺮﻣﺎﻧ ﻢﺴﺠﺗ ﻭ ﺭﻮﻠﺒﺗ ﺵﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﻛ :ﺪﻳﻮﮔ ﻰﻣ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﮕﻳﺎﻣﻭﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﺰﻳﺮﺒﻟ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺷﺮﺳ

ﻥﺎﺸﻛ ﺵﺪــﻳﺮﺑ ﻪـﮔﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﭘ ﺯ ﻥﺎـــﺸُﻛ ﻡﺩﺮــﻣ ﻥﺎـــﻧﺎﺑﺯﻭﺭ ﺮــــﺑ

ﺵﺮـﺳ ﻯﻮــﻣ ﺪـﻧﺮﻴﮕﺑ ﺎﺗ ﻥﺍﺪــﺑ ﺵﺭﺩﺎــﭼ ﻪـــﻤﻫ ﺮـــﺑ ﺮﺑ ﺪــﻧﺭﺪﺑ

ﻦﻴﻛ ﻢـﺨﺗ ﺎﺗ ﺏﻮﭼ ﻰﻤﻫ ﺵﺪﻨﻧﺯ ﻦــﻴﻣﺯ ﻥﺍﺭﻮﺗ ﻡﻮــﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺩﺰــﻳﺮﺑ

ﺖﺧﺭﺩ ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ ﺦــﻴﺑ ﺯ ﻢـﻫﺍﻮﺨﻧ ﺖﺨﺗ ﻭ ﺝﺎﺗ ﻪﻧ ﻭ گﺮﺑ ﻪﻧ ﻭ ﺥﺎﺷ ﻪﻧ

ﺵﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﻭﺩ ﻕﺎﻔﺗﺍ ﻪﺑ ،ﻪﺴﻳﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ،ﻢﺴﻠﻴﭘ

ﻯﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺲﻴﮕﻧﺮﻓ ﻥﺎﺟ ﺕﺎﺠﻧ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ،ﺩﺭﻭﺪﻴﺷﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻙﺎﻬﻟ ﻦﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻊﻳﺎﻗﻭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺮﺘﻬﻣ ﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺒﻬﭙﺳ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻪﻛ ﻯﺫﻮﻔﻧ ﺎﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﺘﺷ ،ﺩﺮﺑ ﻰﻣ ﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺲﻴﮕﻧﺮﻓ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺸﻛ ﻭ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺔﻌﺟﺎﻓ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻯﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺪﻴﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺭﻮﻀﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻢﺴﻠﻴﭘ

:ﺪﻳﻮﮔ ﻰﻣ ﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺏﺎﻄﺧ ،ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ ﺵﺍﺮﺨﻟﺩ ﻯﺍﺮﺟﺎﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺪـﻨﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺰـﻴﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺲﻴﮕﻧﺮﻓ ﺖﺸﭘ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﭻﻴﻫ ﻦﻜﻣ

ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻩﺎﮔ ﻥﺁ ﺩﺭﻭﺪﻴﺷﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﺩﺮﮔ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺩﺮــﮔ ﻩﺎــﮔﺎﻧ ﻩﺍﺭ ﻥﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮــﺑ

ﺔﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ﺭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺮﺴﭘ ،ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻰﻠﺠﺗ ﻦﻴﻣﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ 105 ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻮﻜﺴﻣ پﺎﭼﺔﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺪﻠﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺳ ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ 1505 ﻭ 1504 ﻭ 1502 ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺍ ﺭﺩ ،106 ﻭ ﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺪﻴﻛﺄﺗ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻳﺭﻮﺧ ﻰﻣﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﺑ ﺖﻴﺑ ،ﻥﺎﻗﺎﺧ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﻮﻫ ،ﺶﻳﺎﻫﻮﻤﻋ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺵﺭﺪﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺰﻴﻧ ،782 .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ،ﺩﺎﺒﻠﻛ ﻭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﻔﻫ ،ﺥﺭ ﻩﺩﺯﺍﻭﺩ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺭﺩ ،ﺶﻳﻮﺧ ﺭﺪﭘ ﺓﺩﺎﺘﺳﺮﻓ ﻭ ﺮﻴﻔﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﮓﻨﺟ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ

.ﺩﻭﺭ ﻰﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻩﺎﭙﺳ ﺭﻻﺎﺴﻬﭙﺳ ﺯﺭﺩﻮﮔ ﻯﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻦﻤﺠﻧﺍ ﺮﺳ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﺮـﻣ ﺪﺑ ﺮﺴﭘ ﻦـــﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻦــﻴﻳﻭﺭ ،ﻡﺎﻧ ﻰـﻜﻳ

ﻮﺷ ﺯﺭﺩﻮﮔ ﻚﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻭﺪﺑ ﻮﻨﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻴﺸﻫ ﻯﻮﮔ ﻦﺨﺳ

ﻡﺎﻴﭘ ﻭ ﺪﺳﺭ ﻰﻣ ﺯﺭﺩﻮﮔ ﺭﻮﻀﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻣﺎﮕﻨﻫ :ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻰﻣ ﻢﻳﺪﻘﺗ ﺍﺭ ﺭﺪﭘ ﻥﺍﻮﻠﻬﭘ ﺲﭘ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮـﺟ ﺥﺮــﻓ ﻭ ﺭﻻﺎﺳ ﺭﻮﭘ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻛ

ﺖﺴﺨﻧ ﺪـﻳﺎﺑ ﺩﻮــﺑ ﺎﻣ ﻥﺎـﻤﻬﻣ ﻮﺗ ﺖﺴﺟ ﺕﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺲﭘ

ﺕﺎﻴﺣ ﺭﺎﻣﻮﻃ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺥﺭ ﻩﺩﺯﺍﻭﺩ ﮓﻨﺟ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻰﮔﺪﻧﺯ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﻢﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻮﻴﮔ ﻥﮋﻴﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ

.ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻤﺗﺎﺧ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺩ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻮﻴﮔ ﻥﮋﻴﺑ ،ﻢﺸﺷ ﻥﺎﻤﻛ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺪــﻧﺩﺎﻬﻧﺮﺑ ﻩﺯ ﻪﺑ

ﺎﻣﺍﻭ» :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻰﻧﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻯﺭﺍﺪﻨﺑ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﺔﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ﺭﺩ

«.ﻥﺍﺮﻴﺑ ﻦﺑ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻪﻧﺮﻗ ﻭ ﻮﻴﺟ ﻦﺑ ﻥﺰﻴﺑ ﻮﻫ ﻭ ﺱﺩﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻮـﻴﮔ ﺭﻮﭘ ﻰﻬﮕﻧﺁ ﺩﻮﻤﻋ ﻰﻣﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻮﻴﻧ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﺩﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺸﮔ ﻰﻤﻫ

ﻥﻮﺘﺳ ﻰـﻣﻭﺭ ﺵﺮﺳ ﺮﺑ ﺩﺎﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺯ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻭ ﺰﻐﻣ ﻭﺍ گﺮﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺨﻳﺭ ﻭﺮﻓ

ﺪﻴﺸﻛ ﻦﻳﺯ ﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻜﻓﺍ ﺭﺪﻧﺍ ﺪﻨﻤﻛ ﺪﻴـﺸﻛ ﻦـﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﺭﺎـﻤﻴﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺲﻛ ﺪﺒﻧ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻯﺍﺮﺟﺎﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻭﺮﺴﺨﻴﻛ ﺯﺎﺳ ﺖﺷﻮﻧﺮﺳ ﮓﻨﺟ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ﻊﻳﺎﻗﻭ ﻪﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺪﺧﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻴﻣﺎﻧ گﺭﺰﺑ ﮓﻨﺟ ،ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻭ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺎﺘﻓﺍ ﻕﺎﻔﺗﺍ ﺥﺭ ﻩﺩﺯﺍﻭﺩ ﻪﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ گﺭﺰﺑ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻤﻧ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺸﻛ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻢﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﮓﻨﺟ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻣﺍ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻯﺭﻮﻀﺣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﻛﺫ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﺦﻠﺗ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻣﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺘﺴﺨﻧ ،ﻙﺎﻬﻟ ،ﺩﺎﺒﻠﻛ ،ﻥﺎﻣﻮﻫ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺸﻛ ﻭ ﺥﺭ ﻩﺩﺯﺍﻭﺩ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻩﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻪﺴﻳﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ،ﺩﺭﻭﺪﻴﺷﺮﻓ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ ﻯﺭﺍﺯ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺏﺎـﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺖﺴﻳﺮــﮕﺑ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺏﺁ ﺖﺨﻳﺭ ﻰﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻯﻮﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ ﻰﻤﻫ

ﻦﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﻯﺍ ﺭﺍﺯ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻰﻤﻫ ﻦـــﻣ ﻦـﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﺯﺍﺮـــﻓﺍﺮﺳ ﺭﺍﻮــﺳ

ﺩﺭﻭﺪﻴﺷﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻙﺎﻬﻟ ﻯﻮــﺟ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﺩﺮـــﺒﻧ ﺯﻭﺭ ﻥﺍﺩﺮـــﮔ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﺍﻮــﺳ

ﺪـﻧﺎﻤﻧ ﺭﺩﺍﺮـﺑ ﻭ ﺭﻮﭘ ﮓﻨﺟ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻧﺎﻤﻧ ﺮــﻜﺸﻟ ﻭ ﺭﻻﺎﺳ ﻭ ﻥﺎﮔﺭﺰــﺑ

ﺥﺭ ﻩﺩﺯﺍﻭﺩ ﺭﺎﻜﻴﭘ ﺭﺩ ،ﺖﺳﺎﻳﻮﮔ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ^{ﻪﻛ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ﺎﺗ} ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﮔﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﻪﺘﺸﻛ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺮﺴﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪﻴﻌﺑ ﻢﻫ ﻥﺁ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻭ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻰﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻪﺘﺸﻛ ﮓﻨﺟ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺔﻣﺎﮕﻨﻫ :ﺖﻔﮔ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﺖﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻧﺎﻤﺑ ﻰﻗﺎﺑ ﻡﺎﻨﻤﮔ ﻭ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻰﻧﺍﻮﻠﻬﭘ ﺓﺮﻴﺗ ﻭﺩ ﮓﻨﺟ ،ﺥﺭ ﻩﺩﺯﺍﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﮕﻤﻬﺳ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺴﻳﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺎﺧ ﻭ ﺯﺭﺩﻮﮔ ﻥﺎﻣﺩﻭﺩ ﻰﻨﻌﻳ ،ﻥﺍﺭﻮﺗ ﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﻮﭘ گﺮﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻛﺎﺣ ﻪﻛ ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺑﺍ ﺎﻣﺍ ﺭﺩ ًﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻰﻣ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻢﻫﻮﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺪﻳﺮﮔ ﻰﻣ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺸﻛ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ،ﮓﻨﺟ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻰﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍﺩ ،ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺬﺧﺂﻣ ﻭ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ

ﻥﺩﺭﻭﺁﺭﺩ ﻢﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺱﻮﺗ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﻣﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻭ ﻯﺭﺬــﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮــﻛ ﻯﺭﺍﺩﺩﻮﺧ ﻥﺁ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮـﻛ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻯﺭﺍﺯ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻯﺮـــﻈﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ ﻯﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﻧﺎﻣﺍ ﻑﻼﺧ ﻢﻫ ﻥﺁ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﻣ ﺵﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻰﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﻴﺛﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻴﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻰﻳﻮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺗ ﻯﻮﻗ ﻦﻇ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺐﻟ ﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺪﻨﻤﺸﻳﺪﻧﺍ ﺭﻻﺎﺴﻬﭙﺳ ،ﻪﺴﻳﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻯﺩﻮﺑﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺭﺍﺰﮕﺳﺎﭙﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ،ﻥﺍﺭﻮﺗ ﻯﺎﻧﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ،ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ،ﻭﺍ گﺭﺰﺑ ﺡﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺱﺎﺴﺣﺍ ﺩﺭﻭﺪﻴﺷﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻙﺎﻬﻟ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻯﺭﺪﭘ ﺱﺎﺴﺣﺍ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻯﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻯﺭﺍﺯ ﻦﻤﻀﺘﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺍ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺍﺭ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ،ﻥﺎﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻩﺎﭙﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻧﺎﻣﺯ ،ﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻣﻭﺩ .ﺪﻨﻧﺍﺪﺑ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻚﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﻥﻮﺤﻴﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻥﺍﺭﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻠﻤﺣ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻭ ﮓﻨﺟ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻥﺍﺭﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﻴﻫﺎﭙﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻰﻣ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻭ ﻯﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻛ ﻥﺎﺠﻴﻫ ﻭ ﻩﺰﻴﮕﻧﺍ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻭﺮﺴﺨﻴﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻛ ﺭﻭ ﻪﻠﻌﺷ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻨﻴﻛ ﺶﺗﺁ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺭﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻡﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ .ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﻥﺎﻴﻫﺎﭙﺳ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺖﻴﺑﻮﺒﺤﻣ ﺰﺟ ﻯﺰﻳﻭﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ

ﺪـﻧﺍﻮﺨﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻪﭙﺳ ﻯﺭﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺪﺑ ﺪـﻧﺍﺮﺑ ﺎـﻬﻨﺨﺳ ﻥﺍﻭﺍﺮـﻓ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺯ

ﺩﺭﻭﺪـﻴﺷﺮﻓ ﺵﺭﺩﺍﺮــﺑ ﻥﻮـﺧ ﺯ ﺩﺮــﺒﻧ ﺮـﻴﺷ ﻙﺎﻬﻟ ﻭ ﻦـﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﺯ

ﻦـﺘﺨﻳﻭﺁ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﻛ ﻩﺎﮔ ﻥﻮﻨﻛ ﻦﺘﺨﻳﺭ ﻥﻮﺧ ﺯﺭﺩﻮﮔ ﻭ ﻮﻴﮔ ﺎﺑﺍ

ﺭﺩ «ﺵ» ﺮﻴﻤﺿ ﻊﺟﺮﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻴﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺖﻴﺑ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻉﺍﺮﺼﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺔﻤﻠﻛ ،ﺵﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﻆﻔﻟ ﺔﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻥﺍﺭﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻌﻗﻮﻣ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻣﻮﺳ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻰﮔﺩﺎﻣﺁ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺮــﻓ ﺯﺍ ﺖﻋﺎﻃﺍ ﻭ ﮓﻨﺟ .ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﻢﻳﺍ ﻩﺪﻨﺑ ﺍﺮﺗ ﺮـﻣ ﺮﺳ ﻪﺑﺮﺳ ﺎﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻳﺍ ﻩﺪﻨﻜﻓﺍ ﺮﺳ ﺖﻳﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ

ﺩﺍﺰﻧ ﺭﺩﺎﻣ ﺯ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻮﭼ ﺩﺍﮋﻧ ﻰــﻣﺍﺮﮔ ﺩﺭﻭﺪـﻴﺷﺮﻓ ﻮـــﭼ

ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻢﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻀﻌﺑ ﺮﻴﺧﺍ ﺖﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻓﺎﺿﺍ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ «ﻭ» ﻒﻄﻋ ﻑﺮﺣ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻭ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻰﻨﻌﻳ ﺕﻮﻨﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻰﻣ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻣﺭﺎﻬﭼ

ﻩﺎﻨﮔ ﻰﺑ ﻭﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ،ﺥﺭ ﻩﺩﺯﺍﻭﺩ ﺩﺮﺒﻧ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺸﻛ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺮﻛﺫ ﻩﺩﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻓ ﻪﺴﻳﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺲﺣ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻭﺮﺴﺨﻴﻛ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻭ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺯﺎﺑ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺔﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﻭﺮﺴﺨﻴﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻢﺣﺮﺗ

ﺎـــﻴﻧ ﺎﺑ ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻡﺯﺭ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺮــــﻴﺒﻧ ﺎــﻴﻤﻴﻛ ﻭ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ﻯﺪــﺑ ﺮــﺑ ﺶﻟﺩ

ﻦـﻳﺮﻓﺁ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﻯﺍﺭ ﺩﻮــﺑ ﻦـﻴﻨﭼ ﻦﻴﻛ ﻭ ﺵﺎﺧﺮﭘ ﺯ ﺮﭘ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻪﻛ

ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺸﻛ ﻪـﻨﮔ ﻰﺑ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻧ ﺵﻭﺎﻴﺳ ﺪــﺷ ﻪــﺘﺸﮔ ﺵﺮﺳ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮔﺯﻮـﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ

ﺩﺮـﻛ ﻪﭼ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ،ﺩﻮﺑ ﺍﺮﻣ ﺮﻣ ﻪﻨﮔ ﺩﺭﻭﺪﻴﺷﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻙﺎـﻬﻟ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻮــﭼ

ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ ﺔﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ﺭﺩ ،ﺪﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﭽﻧﺁ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻳﺭﺍﺩ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﻚﻳ ﻂﻘﻓ ،ﺥﺭ ﻩﺩﺯﺍﻭﺩ ﮓﻨﺟ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻪﻧ ﻭ ﺭﺫﻮﻧ ﺱﻮﺗ ﺩﺎﻣﺍﺩ ﻪﻧ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺴﻳﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ .ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻰﺘﻴﺑ ﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺖﻴﺑ ﻦﻴﺘﺴﺨﻧ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻉﺍﺮﺼﻣ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﻔﺳﺄﺘﻣ ،ﺪﺷ ﺮﻛﺫ ﻮﻜﺴﻣ پﺎﭼ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ ﺔﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ،ﻯﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﻥﺎﺒﺗﺎﻛ ﻭ ﺪﺳﺭ ﻰﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺭﺩﺎﻧ ﺮﻌﺷ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ؛ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻜﻧ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﺍﺭ ﻰﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﺖﺳﺭﺩ ﻞﺻﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻰﺘﻴﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻆﻔﺣ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻯﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﻭ ﻰﻟﻮﺻﺍ ﺪﻧﻮﻴﭘ ،ﻁﻮﻠﻐﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺩﺎﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻑﺬﺣ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﺱﻮﺗ ﺩﺎﻣﺍﺩ ﻭ ﮓﻨﺸﭘ ﻥﺎﻣﺩﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻰﻣﺎﻧ ﻦﻴﻳﻭﺭ ﺭﺪﭘ ﮓﻨﺸﭘ ﺰﺠﺑ ﮓﻨﺸﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻴﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ

.ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﻬﭼﻮﻨﻣ ﺭﺪﭘ ًﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﮓﻨﺸﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﺳﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﺰﻴﻧﻮﻳﺭ ﻯﺍﻮﺳ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﮓﻨﺸﭘ ﺩﺍﮋﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺰﻴﻧﻮﻳﺭ ﻭ ﺱﻮﺗ ﺩﺎﻣﺍﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ^{ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺪﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻨﺑ ؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﺱﻭﻭﺎﻛ}

.ﺖﺳﺍ ،ﺱﻮﺗ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ،ﭗﺳﺭﺯ ﺮﺴﻤﻫ ﺭﺩﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﺴﻴﻛ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳﺁ ﺕﺩﺎﻳ ﺮﮕﻣ ﺎﺗ ﻦﻴﺒﺑ ﺖﺴﻴﭼ ﺮـﻬﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻦـﻫﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻯﺎﭘﺍﺮﺳ

ﺭﺍﻮـﺨﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﺮـﻣ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﺭﺍﻮﺳ ﻭ ﺩﺮﮔ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺰﻴﻧﻮﻳﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ

ﺱﻮــﻠﺑﺎﭼ ﻭ ﻦـﻤﻳﺭ ﻭ ﻩﺪــﻨﺒﻳﺮﻓ ﺱﻮﺗ ﺩﺎﻣﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﺟ ﻭ ﺮﻴﻟﺩ

ﺖﻌﻨﺻ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺱﺪﻨﻬﻣ ِﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ﻰﻧﺎﺳﺭﺮﻴﺷ

ﺶﺨﺒﺟﺎﺗ ﻦﺴﺣ

ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺎﺘﻤﻣ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺔﺘﺳﻮﻴﭘ ﻮﻀﻋ

ﺎﻬﻧﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻦﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻭ ﻰﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻰﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﻥﺎﺳﺁ ﻭ ﺖﻌﻨﺻ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻯﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﻭ ﻰﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻭﺩ ﻢﻳﺪﻗ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻡﺯﻻ ﺮﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﺍﺯﻭﺭ ﻰﮔﺪﻧﺯ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻌﻠﻗ ﻦﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﻰﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻰﻜﻳ :ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻛﺭﻮﺒﻧﺯ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍﺮﺳ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﺖﻔﻧ ،ﻖﻴﻨﺠﻨﻣ ،ﻢﻜﺤﻣ ﻯﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﻰﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻯﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ،گﺭﺰﺑ ﻭ ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ﻯﺎﻬﭘﻮﺗ ،ﺎﻫ ﻪﻫﺍﺮﺑﺁ ،ﺵﻭﻮﻨﻴﻣ ﻯﺎﻬﻜﺷﻮﻛ ،ﺎﻬﻧﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻯﺎﻨﺑ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ^{) ﺖﺷﺍﺩ} ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﻛ ﻩﺮﻴﻏ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﻳﻮﺟ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺪﺳ ﻯﺭﺎﺠﺣ ﻭ ﻯﺭﺎﻤﻌﻣ ،ﻥﺎﻴﻧﺎﺳﺎﺳ ﺓﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ .(ﺍﺪﺨﻫﺩ ؛ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻢﻴﻈﻋ ،ﻡﺍﻭﺩﺎﺑ ،ﻊﻴﻓﺭ ﻯﺎﻫﺎﻨﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻗﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺧﺮﺑ ﺯﻮﻨﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻳﺎﺒﻳﺯ ﻭ :ﺩﺮﻛ ﺮﻛﺫ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻯﺎﻫﺎﻨﺑ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﺸﻧﺎﻣﺮﻛ ﻰﻜﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﺑ ﻕﺎﻃ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺵﻮﻘﻧ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻯﻻﺍﻭ ﻥﺪﻤﺗ ﻰﻜﺷﻮﻛ ﻰﻨﻌﻳ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﺮﺼﻗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺭﺍﻮﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻰﻳﺎﺒﻳﺯ ﻝﺎﻤﻛ ،ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ (ﻡ627ـ590 ﺖﻨﻄﻠﺳ) ﺰﻳﻭﺮﭘ ﻭﺮﺴﺧ ﻪﻛ ﺮﺼﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﺑﺍﺮﺧ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ،ﺶﻳﻮﺧ ﻰﻧﺎﻳﺮ ُﺳ ﺮﺴﻤﻫ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺁ ﻩﻮﻜﺷ ﻯﺎﻳﻮﮔ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻬﻧﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﻢﺘﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻭﺪﻧﺍ ﭻﮔ ﻭ ﺪﻴﭙﺳ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫﺭﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻰﻗﺎﻃ ﻕﺎﻃﺍ ﻒﻘﺳ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﺎﻫﺭﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﭻﮔ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻯﺪﻨﭼ ﺎﺗ ﻪﻜﻧﺎﻨﭼ ،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻰﻏﺎﺑ ﺮﺼﻗ .ﻡﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﻩﺪﻧﺭﺎﮕﻧ ِﺩﻮﺧ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻰﻳﺎﻬﺗﺭﺎﻤﻋ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺭﺎﺘﻜﻫ ﻞﻬﭼ ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻯﺮﺴﻛ ﻕﺎﻃ .ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﺔﻌﻠﻗ ﻭ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻯﻮﻀﻴﺑ ﻰﻔﻘﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺒﺗﺮﻣﺪﻨﻠﺑ ﻰﻫﺎﮔﺭﺎﺑ ،ﻪﻠﺟﺩ ﻰﻜﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﻥﺁ ﻒﺻﻭ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺎﻨﺑ ﻡ550 ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﻥﺍﻭﺮﻴﺷﻮﻧﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻩﺪﻴﻣﺎﻧ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻬﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺁ ﺔﺘﺳﺍﺭﺁ ﻭ ﻑﺎﺑﺭﺯ ﺵﺮﻓ ﻭ ﺕﺭﺎﻤﻋ ﺎﻫﺪﺻ ،ﻦﻳﺍ ﺰﺠﺑ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺮﻴﮕﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﻰﺗﺮﻬﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﺑ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻠﭘ ،ﺎﻫ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﺗﺁ ﻞﻴﺒﻗ ﺯﺍ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻩﺍﻮﮔ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺮﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ِﺞﻨُﮔ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺮﻛﺫ .(ﺎﻴﻧﺮﻴﭘ ؛ﻦﺳ ﻦﺘﺴﻳﺮﻛ) ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺔﺘﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ﻰﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻰﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺔﻧﺍﺯﺮﻓ ِﻥﺍﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻪﺘﺴﺟﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻜﻳ (ﻕ429 ﻑ) ﻰﺒﻟﺎﻌﺛ ﺭﻮﺼﻨﻣﻮﺑﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﺓﺩﺍﺪﻟﺩ ،ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ ﻢﺳﺎﻘﻟﺍﻮﺑﺍ ﻢﻴﻜﺣ ﻭ ﺱﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻙﻮﻠﻣ ﺭﺎﺒﺧﺍ ﺭﺮﻏ ﺭﺩ ﻯﻭﺭﺎﺒﻳﺯ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ (ﻕ411 ﻑ)

ﺰﻳﻭﺮﭘ ﻭﺮﺴﺧ ،ﺩﻮﺧ ﻯﺎﻓﻮﻴﺑ ﻖﺷﺎﻋ ﺐﻠﺟ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻰﻧﺎﻳﺮ ُﺳ ﻥﺎﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﻪﻧﺍﺮﻫﺎﻣ ﻯﺮﻴﺑﺪﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻭﺮﺴﺧ ،ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍﺮﺳ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﺮﺗﻭﺮﻓ ﺔﻘﺒﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺮﺘﺧﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺎﺷﺩﺎﭘ ﺝﺍﻭﺩﺯﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺭ ﻯﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺪﻘﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺮﻫﺎﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺖﻛﺎﺳ ،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻒﻟﺎﺨﻣ ﻭ ﻪﻠﻤﻜﺗ) ﻰﻤﻌﻠﺑ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻤﻌﻠﺑ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻰﻠﻋﻮﺑﺍ .ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺭﺩ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍﺩ (ﻕ352 ﻪﺑ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ،ﻯﺮﺒﻃ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﺔﺘﻔﻳﺮﻓ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ :ﺪﻳﻮﮔ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻞﻘﻧ ﺍﺭ ،ﻭﺮﺴﺧ ﻰﻘﺸﻋ ﺐﻴﻗﺭ .ﺖﺷﺎﻤﮔ ﻥﻮﺘﺴﻴﺑ ﻩﻮﻛ ﻥﺪﻨﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﻭﺮﺴﺧ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻩﺭﺎﭘ ﺮﻫ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻝﻮﻐﺸﻣ ﮓﻨﺳ ﻥﺪﻨﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻩﻮﻛ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ،ﺪﺻ ،ﻩﺩ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻢﻴﻈﻋ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﭼ ،ﺪﻳﺮﺑ ﻰﻣ ﻩﻮﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻰﻛﺰﻴﻨﻛ ﻭ» :ﺖﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺘﻧ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺩﺮﻣ ﺪﺼﻧﺎﭘ ﺎﻳ ﻖﺷﺎﻋ ﻭﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻙﺰﻴﻨﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ...ﻡﺎﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻥﺪﻨﻛ ﻩﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺖﺑﻮﻘﻋ ﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ﺰﻳﻭﺮﭘ ﻭ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺭﺎﭘ ﺮﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻨﻛ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺍﺭ ﻥﻮﺘﺴﻴﺑ ﻭ .ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺮﻓ ﻯﺎﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻧ ﺩﺮﻣ ﺪﺼﻧﺎﭘ ﻩﺩﺎﺘﻓﺍ ﻩﻮﻛ ﺔﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻭﺍ ﺔﺸﻴﺗ ﺏﺮﺿ ﻩﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻨﻜﺑ ﻩﻮﻛ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺭﺎﭘ ﺮﻫ ﻭ ﺖﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺘﻧ ﺮﺑ ﻯﺎﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺮﻣ ﺪﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻜﻠﺑ ﺩﺮﻣ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﺎﺑ ﺰﺟ ﻯﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻢﻠﺴﻣ «.ﺖﺴﻫ ﻥﺎﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ .(ﻰﻤﻌﻠﺑ ؛ﻰﺒﻟﺎﻌﺛ ؛ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ) ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﻰﻠﻤﻋ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﻭ ﻦﻓ ﺯﺍﻪﻛ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷﻭﻭﺮﺴﺧ ﺏﺎﺘﻛﺭﺩ،(ﻕ614ـ535) ﻯﺍ ﻪﺠﻨﮔ ﻰﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﭘ ﺏﺩﺍ ﺪﻳﻭﺎﺟ ﻯﺎﻬﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍﺩ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻯﺪﻨﻣﺩﺮﺧ ،ﻰﮕﻧﺍﺯﺮﻓ ،ﻯﺭﺁ .ﺪﻧﺍﺩ ﻰﻣ ﻪﻧﺍﺯﺮﻓ ﻭ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺐﺣﺎﺻ ﻯﺪﻨﻣﺩﺮﺧ ﻭ ﻢﻴﻜﺣ ،ﻪﻧﺍﺯﺮﻓ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻤﻜﺣ ﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻪﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ،ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ :ﺪﻳﻮﮔ ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﻣ ﺕﺮﺒﻋ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﮕﻤﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳﺮﻓﺁ ﻰﻣ ﻯﺭﺎﻜﻫﺎﺷ ،ﺩﺮﺑ ﻰﻣ ﺭﺎﻛ ﺖﺌﻴﻫ ﻢﻠﻋ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ¹ﻰﻄﺴِﺠَﻣ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ،ﺱﺪﻨﻬﻣ ِﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ .ﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔ

2ﻰﺳﺪﻴﻠﻗُﺍ ﺔﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺓﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﺯﻮﻣﺭ ﻭ ﺖﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﻰﻣ ﻰﺑﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ

ﺯﺍ ﻡﻮﺠﻧ ﻭ ﺖﺌﻴﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﻡﺎﻧ ^Almagest ﻰﻄﺴﺠَﻣ .1 ﻑﻭﺮﻌﻣ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﺿﺎﻳﺭ ،ﻢﺠﻨﻣ ،ﺱﻮﻳﺩﻭﻼﻛ ،ﺱﻮﻴﻤﻠﻄَﺑ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻰﻧﺎﻧﻮﻳ ﻡﺎﻧ ،(ﻡ170ـ100 ﺩﻭﺪﺣ) ﻪﻳﺭﺪﻨﻜﺳﺍ ﻰﻤﻠﻋ ﺐﺘﻜﻣ ﻰﻨﻌﻳ Megale SuntaksisMatematiki ﻰﻜﻴﺗﺎﻤﺗﺎﻣ ﺲﻴﺴﻛﺎﺘﻧﻮﺳ ﻪﻟﺎﮕﻣ ﻦﺘﺴﻜﺷ ﺯﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﻦﻴﻤﺟﺮﺘﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﺿﺎﻳﺭ ﺵﻮﻣﺁ گﺭﺰﺑ ﻒﻴﻨﺼﺗ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺍﺭ ﻰﻄﺴﺠﻣ ﺔﻤﻠﻛ ﻥﺁ ﻞﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻭ ﺲﻴﺴﻛﺎﺘﻧﻮﺳ ﻭ ﻪﻟﺎﮕﻣ .(ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ) ﺓﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻳﺭﺪﻨﻜﺳﺍ ﻰﻤﻠﻋ ﺐﺘﻜﻣ ﻰﻧﺎﻧﻮﻳ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﺿﺎﻳﺭ ،^Euclid ﺱﺪﻴﻠﻗﺍ .2 285 ﻑ) ﺮﺼﻣ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻴﻧﻭﺪﻘﻣ ﻩﺎﺷﺩﺎﭘ ﻦﻴﺘﺴﺨﻧ ،ﻝﻭﺍ ﺱﻮﻴﻤﻠﻄَﺑ ﻰﻳﺍﻭﺮﻧﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﻪﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻭﺍ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﻭ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺕﺮﻬﺷ (ﺩﻼﻴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴﭘ .(ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ) ﺖﺳﺍ

ﻯﺭﺎﻜﻫﺎﺷ ،ﺱﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺔﻧﺍﺯﺮﻓ ﻢﻴﻜﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻯﺭﺁ .ﺩﻮﺸﮔ ﻰﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺩﺯﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻰﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺡﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻰﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﺎﺒﻳﺯ ﻪﺑ ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳﺮﻓﺁ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍﺩ .(ﻥﺎﻫﺮﺑ ؛ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ) ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻪﻜﻠﺑ ﺕﺩﺎﻋ ،ﻥﺎﻳﺩﺎﻣ ﻭ ﺶﻴﻣ ِﺮﻴﺷ ﻥﺪﻴﺷﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻩﺪﻳﺰﮔ ﺖﻧﻮﻜﺳ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺗﺪﻣ ﻯﻭ .ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﻰﮕﺸﻴﻤﻫ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ¹ﻩﺮﻫَﺯﺮﺧ ﻦﻴﮔﺁﺮﻫﺯ ﻩﺎﻴﮔ ﻥﺁ ﻯﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﻨﻤﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻭ ﻪﻠﮔ ﺔﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ ،ﻥﺎﻧﺎﺒﺷ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ .ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺩﺭﻭﺩ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻣَﺭ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻞﻜﺸﻣ ﻢﻟﺎﺳ ﺮﻴﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻰﺳﺮﺘﺳﺩ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ،ﺶﻳﻮﺧ ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ،ﺭﻮﭘﺎﺷ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻙﺎﻨﻫﻭﺪﻧﺍ ﺵﺎﻘﻧ ِﺪﻨﻣﺮﻨﻫ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﺿﺎﻳﺭ ،ﺪﻨﻣﺩﺮﺧ ،ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﻯﺩﺮﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ،ﺭﻮﭘﺎﺷ .ﺖﺷﺍﺬﮔ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺩ ،ﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻩﺮﻴﭼ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺍ ﻦﻜﺴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻧﺍﺯﺮﻓ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ﺱﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﻮﻀﺣ ﻦﻓ ﻭ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﻭ ﺡﺮﺷ ﻦﻤﺿ ﻭ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺮﺒﺧﺎﺑ ،ﺩﻮﺑ ﻰﻟﺍﻮﺣ ،ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻚﻳ ِﺩﺮﮔﺎﺷ ﻦﻴﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺗﺪﻣ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻭﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍﺮﺳ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻞﺣ ﺍﺭ ﻞﻜﺸﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﻭﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺪﻨﻣﺮﻨﻫ ِﺪﻨﻤﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻣﺭﻭﺯ ِﺮﻜﻴﭘ ﻯﻮﻗ ِﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ،ﺭﻮﭘﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ .ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻨﻛ ﺮﻔﺣ ﻰﮕﻨﺳ ﻰﻳﻮﺟ ﻭﺍ ِﺥﺎﻛ ﺎﺗ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺴﻳﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻴﺷﻭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﺮﻴﺷ ﻥﺎﻧﺎﭘﻮﭼ ﺩﺍﺪﻣﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻡﺎﺷ ﺮﻫ ﻯﺮﻴﺷ ﻥﺰﺨﻣ ﺎﻳ ﻪﭽﺿﻮﺣ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ «ﺔﻫﺍﺭﺮﻴﺷ» ﺎﻳ ﻪﻫﺍﺮﺑﺁ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﺮﻳﺯﺍﺮﺳ ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻰﻣ ﻪﻴﺒﻌﺗ ﻚﺷﻮﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﻪﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻰﻤﻴﻈﻋ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻮﺷﺩ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺒﻟﺩ ﺔﻧﺍﺯﺮﻓ ﻪﻛ .(ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ) ﺩﺍﺩ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻩﺎﻣ ﻚﻳ ﺽﺮﻋ ﺮﻴﺷ ﻯﺭﻭﺁ ﻦﻓ ﺎﻳ ﻯﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﻤﺟ ﺖﻌﻨﺻ ﺓﻮﻴﺷ ﺎﺠﻨﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﺗ ﺐﻴﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻰﮕﻨﺳ ﻰﻳﻮﺟ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻯﺰﻳﺭ ﺡﺮﻃ ﺎﺑ ﻭ (ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﻩﺩ ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ًﺎﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ) ﮓﻨﺳﺮﻓ ﻭﺩ ﻰﻜﻳ ﻝﻮﻃ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺡﺮﻄﻣ ﺮﺼﻗ ﻥﻭﺭﺩ ﻰﮕﻨﺳ ﻥﺰﺨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻥﺪﺷﺮﻳﺯﺍﺮﺳ ﻯﺎﻬﮕﻨﺳ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻩﺮﻴﭼ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﻭﺁ ﻰﺘﻔﮕﺷ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺗ ﺐﻴﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺫﻮﻔﻧ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﻢﻜﺤﻣ ﻰﻧﻻﻮﻃ ﺔﻫﺍﺮﺑﺁ ،ﺍﺭﺎﺧ ﮓﻨﺳ ﺮﻫ ﻭ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻰﻳﺍﺮﺠﻣ ﺎﻬﮕﻨﺳ ﻥﻭﺭﺩ ﻭﺍ .ﺩﺮﻛ ﻪﻴﺒﻌﺗ ﺖﻓﺮﺑﺁ ﭻﻴﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻞﺼﺘﻣ ﻯﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﻰﮕﻨﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﻴﺷﻮﭘﺮﺳ ًﺎﺗﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻭ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻧ ﺮﻴﺷ ﻦﺘﻓﺭ ﺭﺪﻫ ﺎﻳ ﺽﻮﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻰﻧﻻﻮﻃ ﻯﺮﻴﺴﻣ ﻰﻃ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻰﮕﻨﺳ «ﺔﻫﺍﺭﺮﻴﺷ»

ﻭ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻧ «ﺩﺯﺩﺮﻴﺷ» ﺎﻳ ﺩﺯﺪﺑﺁ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺨﻳﺭ ﻰﻣ ﻰﮕﻨﺳ ﻯﺎﺒﻳﺯ ﻯﺭﺎﻜﻫﺎﺷ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ .(ﺶﺨﺑ ﺝﺎﺗ) ﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺩﺮﻛﺰﻴﻤﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻭ ﻩﺰﻴﻛﺎﭘ ﻥﺎﮕﻤﻫ ﻰﺘﻔﮕﺷ ﻭ ﺱﺎﭙﺳ ﻭ ﻦﻳﺮﻓﺁ ﻭ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺗ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻯﺭﻮﺣ ﻭ ﺽﻮﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﻯﺭﺁ .ﺪﺷ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ًﺎﺻﻮﺼﺨﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻥﺎﻛﺎﭘ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻧﻭﺍﺪﺧ ﺖﺸﻬﺑ ﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎﻳ ﺮﻴﺷ ﻯﻮﺟ

ﺱﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ ﻭﺯﺭﺁ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺎﺗ ًﺎﻤﻠﺴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻰﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻭ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺰﻴﮕﻧﺍ ﻝﺩ ﻭ ﺎﺒﻳﺯ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ

ﺵﻮــﭘ ﻥﺎــﻴﻧﺮﭘ ِﺭﺎـــﮕﻧ ﺮــﻜﻴﭘ ﻯﺮـﭘ ﺵﻮـﮔﺎﻨﺑ ﻦـــﻴﻤﻴﺳ ِﻝﺩ ﻦـــﻴﮕﻨﺳ ِﺖُﺑ

ﺮــﻴﮕﻟﺩ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻰــﻳﺎﺟ ﻪﻛ ﻯﺩﺍﻭ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﺷ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺷﻮﺧ ﻯﺩﺭﻮﺧ ﭻﻴﻫ ،ﻩﺩﺭﻮﺨﻧ

ﻯﺩﻮﺑ ﺶﻴﭘ ﺍﻮـﻠﺣ ﻪـﻧﻮﮔﺪـﺻ ﺵﺮﮔ ﻯﺩﻮـــﺑ ﺶــﻴﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎــﻳﺩﺎﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺵﺍﺬﻏ

ﺩﻮـــﺑ ﺮـــﺗﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﺎــﻳﺎﭘﺭﺎﭼ ﺎﺗ ﻭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮــﺑ ﺮــﺳ ﺩﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺮـــﻴﺷ ﺯ

ﺭﺍﻭﺮـــﺨﺑ ﻯﺩﺍﻭ ﻥﺁ ﻥﻮـــــﻣﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﻪﻛ ﺭﺎﻣ ﺓﺮﻫﺯ ﻥﻮﭼ ﺪُﺑ ﻩﺮــﻫﺯﺮﺧ ﻪـــﻤﻫ

ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺮﺒﺧ ﻥﺎﭘﻮﭼ ﻥﻮﭼ ،ﺮﻫﺯ ﻮﭼ ﺯ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺮـــﮔﺩ ﻯﺎـــﺟ ﻪﻠَﮔ ِﻩﺎﮔﺍﺮــﭼ

ﺩﺮـﻛ ﻰﻣ ﺮــﻴﺷ ﺏﺎﺴﺣ ﻦــﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻝﺩ ﺩﺮﻛ ﻰــﻣ ﺮــﻴﺑﺪﺗ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺯﺎﺳ ﻦﻓ ﻪـﭼ

ﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﭼ ﻰﻳﺎﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺮــﻴﺷ ﻪﻛ ﺭﻮــــﺠﻧﺭ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮــــﭘ

ﺵﻭﺩ ﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﻜﻓﺍ ﻩﺎﻴﺳ ﻒﻟﺯ ،ﺐﺷ ﻮﭼ ﺵﻮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻪـــﻘﻠﺣ ﻦﻳﺭﺯ ﻩﺎﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺎــﻬﻧ

ﺯﻮـﺴﻟﺩ ِﻩﺎﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺩﻮـﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻪـﻘﻠﺣ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺯﻭﺭ ﺎﺗ ﺪــﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﻰــﻣ ﻪــﻘﻠﺣ ﺭﺎﻣ ﻮـﭼ

ﺎﻬـــﻨﺗ ﺭﻮـــﭘﺎﺷ ﻭﺍ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻪــــﺘﺴﺸﻧ ﺎﻬــﻨﺨﺳ ﻰـــﻋﻮﻧ ﺮﻫ ِﺯ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻭﺮـــﻓ

ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﻰﻬﺳ ﻭﺮﺳ ﻥﺎﻛ ﻪﺸﻳﺪﻧﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﻰـــﻬﮔﺁ ﺭﻮـﭘﺎﺷ ﻪـــﻧﺍﺯﺮﻓ ﻝﺩ

ﺖﻔﮔﺮﺑ ﻪﺼﻗ ﻥﺁ ﻭﺍ ﺶﻴﭘ ﺥﺮـﻠﮔ ﻮﭼ ﺖﻔﻜﺸﺑ ﻪﻟﻻ گﺮـــﺑ ﻮﭼ ﻩﺪــﻨﺷﻮـﻴﻧ

ﺍﺭ ﻯﺮــﭘ ،ﻭﺪـﻨﻫ ﻥﻮﭼ ﺩﺮُـﺑ ﺵﺯﺎﻤﻧ ﺍﺭ ﻯﺮـــﺘﺸﻣ ،ﺩﺭﺎﻄﻋ ﻥﻮﭼ ﺵﺩﻮــﺘﺳ

،Nerium oleander :Oleander ﺭﺎﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻢ َﺳ ،ﻰﻠﻓِﺩ ،ﻩﺮﻫَﺯﺮﺧ .1 ،ﺮﺘﻤﻴﺘﻧﺎﺳ 12 ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﻝﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺧﺎﺷﺮﭘ ﻰﺘﻨﻳﺯ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺍ ﻪﭽﺘﺧﺭﺩ ﻦﻤﺿ ﺭﺩ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﮔﺁﺮﻫﺯ ﺕﺪﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺎﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﺽﺭﺍﻮﻋ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻰﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﻴﺻﺎﺧ ﻥﺁ گﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ» ،ﺶﺨﺑ ﺝﺎﺗ) ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﻰﻠﺼﻔﻣ ﻯﺎﻫﺩﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻰﺘﺳﻮﭘ .(«ﻰﺒﻃ ﺽﺍﺮﻏﺍ

ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻯﺩﺮﻣ ﺱﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺎﺠﻨﻳﺍ ﺖﺴﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺎــﻫﺮـﻓ ﻪـــﻧﺍﺯﺮـــﻓ ﻭﺍ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻰــﻧﺍﻮﺟ

ﻰﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺕﺮـــﺒﻋ ،ﻪــﺳﺪــﻨﻫ ﺖﻗﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻰـــﻳﺎﺸُﮔ ﺱﺪــــﻴﻠﻗُﺍ ﻥﺍﺩ ﻰـــﻄﺴ ِﺠَﻣ

ﺩﺭﺎـﺨﺑ ﺖﻌﻨﺻ ﺮﺳ ﻥﻮﭼ ﻪـــﺸﻴﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺭﺎـﮕﻧ ﻰﻫﺎـــﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻍﺮـــﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻦـــﻴﻣﺯ

ﺩﺪـــﻨﺑ ﮓﻧﺭ ﺍﺭ ﻞُﮔ ﺥﺮﺳ ﺖﻌﻨﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺪــﻨﺑ ﮓﻨﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻦــﻴﭼ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻦــﻫﺁ ﻪﺑ

ﻡﻭﺭ ﻪﻤﻫ ﺵﺪــﻨﺳﻮﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺸﻴﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻡﻮــﻣ ﺪﻨُﻛ ﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺎﺧ ﮓــﻨﺳ ﻪـــﺸﻴﺗ ﻪﺑ

ﺪــﻳﺁﺮـﺑ ﺕﺭﺎﻛ ﻦــﻴﻨﭼ ﻯﺩﺎــﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺪــﻳﺁﺮﺑ ﺕﺭﺎﺧ ﺯﺍ ﻞُﮔ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ﻦـــﻳﺪﺑ

ﻡﺮـــﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻣﺮﻓ ،ﻰـــﻫﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﻡَﺮَﮔ ﻡﺮـــﻴﮔ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺮﺑ ﺶﻧﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪــﺑ

ﻢﻳﺩﻮﺑ ﺩﺍﺰﻤﻫ ﻦــﻴﭼ ﻪﺑ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺎﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻢــﻳﺩﻮﺑ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻰـــﻜﻳ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺮـــﮔﺎﺷ ﻭﺩ

ﺖﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻪﺸﻴﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻳﺎﻣ ﺮﻫ ﻮﭼ ﺖﺷﺍﺩﺮـــﺑ ﻪﺸﻴﺗ ﻭﺍ ﺪﻨﻜﻓ ﻦـﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻢـﻠﻗ

ﺩﺮﺑ ﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺖﻳﺎﻜﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﻮﭘﺎﺷ ﻮﭼ ﺩﺮــــﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻝﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺮـــﻴﺷ ِﻢﻏ

ﺖﺴﺑﺭﺩ ﺪـــﻴﺷﺭﻮﺧ ﺔﻨﻴﻳﺁ ﺯﻭﺭ ﻮــﭼ ﺖﺴﺑﺮﺑ ﻢﺸﭼ ﺪﺻ ﺮﻫ ،ﻢﺸﭼﺪﺻ ِﺐﺷ

ﺍﺭ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻥﺁ ﺭﻮــﭘﺎﺷ ﺩﺮـــﻛ ﺲﺴﺠﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻦــﻳﺰُﮔ ﺩﺎـــﻫﺮﻓ ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪـــﺑ

ﺵﺩﺎﺷ ﺩﺮـــُﺑ ﻦــﻳﺮﻴﺷ ِﻥﺍﻭﺭُﺩﺎﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺩﺎﻬﻧ ﻰﺳﺮــﻛ ﻥﺎﮕﺟﺍﻮﺧ ِﻢـــﺳﺭ ﻪﺑ

ﻰــــﻫﻮﻛ ِﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻦـــﻜﻫﻮﻛ ﺪــﻣﺁﺭﺩ ﻰﻫﻮـــﻜﺷ ﺍﺭ ﻖـــﻳﻼﺧ ﺪـــﻣﺁ ﻭﺍ ﺰﻛ

ﻯﺪـﻨﻠﺑ ﻭ ﻯﺮـــﺒﺘﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻞﻴﭘ ﻚﻳ ﻮﭼ ﻯﺪـــﻨﻣﺭﻭﺯ ﺶﻠﻴﭘ ﻭﺩ ِﺭﺍﺪــﻘﻣ ﻪــــﺑ

ﻩﺩﺎــﺘﺴﻳﺍ ﺩﺎـــﻫﺮﻓ ﻩﺩﺮـــﭘ ِﻥﻭﺮـــﺑ ﻩﺩﺎـــﺸﮔ ﻭﺯﺎـــﺑ ﻭ ﻪـــﺘﺴﺑﺭﺩ ﻥﺎــﻴﻣ

ﻥﻭﺩﺮـــﮔ ِﺯﺎﺑ ﺖــَﺒﻌُﻟ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺸﻳﺪﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻭﺮـــﻴﺑ ﻩﺩﺮـــﭘ ﻥﺁﺯ ﺵﺩﺭﺁ ﻯﺯﺎﺑ ﻪﭼ

ﺩﺮﻛ ﻰــﻳﺯﺎﺳ ﻥﻮﺨﻴﺒﺷ ﻪـــﮔﺎﻧ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﺩﺮﻛ ﻰـــﻳﺯﺎﺑ ﺖــﺒﻌﻟ ،ﻩﺩﺮـــﭘ ﻥﺁ ِﺲﭘ

ﺯﺎﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﻜﺷ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﺪــﻨﺧ ﻦﻳﺮـﻴﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺍﻭﺁ ﻪـــﺑ ﻦــﻳﺮﻴﺷ ِﺮـــﻜﺷ ﺪـــﻣﺁﺭﺩ

ﺵﻮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ﻦﺨﺳ ﻥﺁ ﺖﻓﺮﮕﺑ ﻮﭼ ﺵﻮﺟ ﺮﮕﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻰﻣﺮﮔ ِﺯ

ﺵﺯﺎﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﭼ ﺪـــﺷ ﻦــﺨﺳ ِﻩﺍﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻢﻫ ﺵﺯﺎﺑ ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻡﺍﺩ ﻪـــﺑ ﻪـــﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺪـــﺑ

ﺩﺎـﺘﺳﺍ ﻩﺪــﻨﻧﺍﺩ ﻯﺎﻛ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻪــﮕﻧﺁ ﺲﭘ ﺩﺎﺷ ﺍﺮـﻣ ﻰﻧﺍﺩﺮــﮔ ﻪﻛ ﻢــﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻥﺎﻨﭼ

ﺪــﻨﻣﺮـــﻨﻫ ﻯﺍ ﺖﺴﻧﺎﭼ ﻦـــﻣ ﺍﺮـــﻣ ﺪـﻨﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻢـــﻨﻴﮕﻤﻏ ﻝﺩ ﻰـــﻳﺎﺸﮕﺑ ﻪﻛ

ﻯﺭﺎــﻛﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻰـــﺘﺳﺩ ﻚـﺑﺎﭼ ﻪــﺑ ﻯﺭﺍﻮـــﺘﺳﺍ ﺮــﺼﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ ِﺭﺎﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻰــﻨُﻛ

ﻢـــﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﺝﺎـــﺘﺤﻣ ﺎﻣ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺭﻭﺩ ﻪﻠَﮔ ﻢﻳﺮــﻴﮕﺑ ﻥﺎﺳﺁ ﺮﻴﺷ ﻪﻛ ﻦُﻛ ﻰــﻤﺴﻠﻃ

ﮓــﻨﺳﺮﻓ ﻭﺩ ﻚﻳ ﻥﺍﺪــﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ ﺎﺗ ﺎﻣ ِﺯ ﮓﻨﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻢـﻜﺤﻣ ﻰــﻳﻮﺟ ﺪــﻨَﻛ ﺪﻳﺎﺒﺑ

ﺪــﻨﺷﻭﺩ ﺮــﻴﺷ ﺎـــﺠﻧﺁ ﻢــﻧﺎﻧﺎﭘﻮﭼ ﻪﻛ ﺪــﻨﺷﻮﻧ ﺮـــﻴﺷ ﺎــﺠﻨﻳﺍ ﻢـــﻧﺍﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ

ﺩﺎـﻫﺮﻓ ﻪـﺸﻳﺪﻧﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺸﮔ ﻪـﮔﺁ ﻮﭼ ﺩﺎـﻴﻨﺑ ﻩﺪــﻳﺩ ﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻢــﻜ ُﺣ ﻥﺁ ﺪــﻨﻜﻓ

ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﻰــﻜﺑﺎﭼ ﺖﻳﺎﻐﺑ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﻰــﻛﺯﺎﻧ ﻥﺎـــﻨﻴﻧﺯﺎﻧ ِﺭﺎــــﻛ ﻪﻛ

ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺸﻴﺗ ،ﻥﻭﺮــﻴﺑ ﺖﻓﺭ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪــﺸﻴﭘ ﻰـــﻧﺎﺑﺮﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ

ﻡﻮــﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻡﺍﺪــﻧﺍ ﺪـــﻳﺭﺩ ﻢﻫ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻨﭼ ﻡﻮﻣ ﻥﻮﭼ ﮓﻨﺳ ﺶﻤﺧﺯ ِﺮﻳﺯ ﺪﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻪﻛ

ﺪﻴﺷﺍﺮـــﺧ ﻰـــﻣ ﺍﺭﺎﺧ ِﻯﻭﺭ ﻪــﺸﻴﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﺷﺍﺮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﺍﺮـﺠﻣ ﮓﻨﺳ ﺯﺍ ،ﺪــﻴﺑ ﻮــﭼ

ﻯﺩﻮـــﻣﺯﺁ ﮓﻨﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺸﻴﺗ ﺮــﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻯﺩﻮﺑ ﺩﺰـــﻣ ﺮـــﻫﺍﻮﺟ ﺶﮕﻨﺴﻤﻫ ﻭﺩ

ﺍﺭﺎﺧ ﮓــﻨﺳ ِﻥﺎـــﻴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺎﻣ ﻚﻳ ﻪـــﺑ ﺍﺭﺎـــﻜﺷﺁ ﻰـــﻳﻮﺟ ،ﺩﺮﻛ ﺎـــﻳﺭﺩ ﻮﭼ

ﺥﺎﻛ ِﺭﺩ ﺎـــﺗ ﻥﺍﺪـــﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ ﻯﺎـــﺟ ﺯ ﺥﺎﺷ ﺮﺑ ﺥﺎﺷ ﺩﺯ ﺎـــﻬﮕﻨﺳ ﻪـــﻳﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ

ﻰــﻳﻮﺟ ﮓﻨﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺮـــﻛ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻥﺎﻨﭼ ﻰـﻳﻮﻣ ﺪـــﻴﺠﻨﮔ ﻰـــﻤﻧ ﺵﺯﺭَﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ

ﺶﺘﺴﺑ ﮓﻨﺳ ﻭﺍ ﺩﺮـﻛ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺿﻮﺣ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺶﺘﺳﺩ ِﺏﺁ ﺯ ﻰـــﺘﻔﮔ ﺏﺁ ﺪـﺷ ﻥﺍﻭﺭ

ﺩﺎــﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺭ ﻦـــﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﺪــﻧﺩﺮﺑ ﺮﺒﺧ ﺩﺎﺸﮕﺑ ﻯﻮﺟ ﻭ ﺖﺴﺑ ﻪﺿﻮﺣ ﻰـﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ

ﺮﻴﮕﺒﺷ ﻭ ﻡﺎﺷ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ ﺰﻛ ﻥﺎﻨﭼ ﺮــﻴﺷ ﻦـﺘﺸﻳﻮﺧ ِﻯﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺪــﻳﺁ ﺽﻮﺣ ﻪﺑ

ﺖﺷﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻯﻮﺳ ﺪـﻣﺁ ﺮﻜﻴﭘ ﻰـﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺖﺸﮔﺮـﺑ ﺽﻮﺣ ﻭ ﺮــﻴﺷ ﻯﻮﺟ ِﺩﺮـِﮔ ﻪﺑ

ﻩﺪﻳﺰُﮔ ِﺽﻮﺣ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻨﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﭼ ﻩﺪـــــﻳﺮﻓﺁ ﺖﺴﻫ ،ﻰــﻣﺩﺁ ﺖﺳﺩﺮـــﻜﻧ

ﺩﺮﻛ ﻦـﻳﺮﻓﺁ ﺩﺎﻫﺮﻓ ِﺖﺳﺩ ﺮﺑ ﻰﺴﺑ ﺩﺮﻛ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻦﻴﻛ ﺲﻛ ﻥﺎﻨﭼ ﺮﺑ ﺖﻤﺣﺭ ﻪﻛ

(ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ)

:ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ،ﻊﻃﺎﻗ ﻥﺎﻫﺮﺑ ،ﻯﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ﻒﻠﺧ ﻦﺑ ﻦﻴﺴﺣﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،ﻥﺎﻫﺮﺑ ــ

.1362 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﺮﻴﺒﻛﺮﻴﻣﺍ ،5 پﺎﭼ ،ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻠﻤﻜﺗ :ﻰﻤﻌﻠﺑ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ،ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻰﻠﻋﻮﺑﺍ ،ﻰﻤﻌﻠﺑ ــ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﺭﺎﻬﺑ ﻰﻘﺗﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ،1 ﺝ ،ﻯﺮﺒﻃ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ

.1353 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﺭﺍﻭﺯ ،2 چ ،ﻯﺩﺎﺑﺎﻨﮔ ﻦﻳﻭﺮﭘ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ) ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻰﻧﺎﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ،(ﻪﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍﺮﻴﺸﻣ) ﻦﺴﺣ ،ﺎﻴﻧﺮﻴﭘ ــ

.1362 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻯﺎﻴﻧﺩ ،2 چ ،(ﻰﻧﺎﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺝ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻰﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻭ ﻰﻜﺷﺰﭙﻣﺍﺩ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ،ﻦﺴﺣ ،ﺶﺨﺒﺟﺎﺗ ــ

.1385 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،3 چ ،1 ﺔﻤﻴﻤﺿ ﻪﺑ ،«ﻰﺒﻃ ﺽﺍﺮﻏﺍ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ» ،ﻦﺴﺣ ،ﺶﺨﺒﺟﺎﺗ ــ ،ﻰﻧﺎﺟﺮﺟ ﻞﻴﻋﺎﻤﺳﺍ ﺪﻴﺳ ﻪﻴﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺮﻏﻻﺍ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺪﻠﺟ .1385 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ

ﺱﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻙﻮﻠﻣ ﺭﺎﺒﺧﺍ ﺭﺮﻏ ،ﻚﻠﻤﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﺭﻮﺼﻨﻣﻮﺑﺍ ،ﻰﺒﻟﺎﻌﺛ ــ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺖﺤﺗ) ﻰﻧﺎﺣﻭﺭ ﺪﻤﺤﻣﺪﻴﺳ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ ،ﻢﻫﺮﻴﺳ ﻭ ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،(ﻦﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ .1372 ﻰﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺪﻠﺟ ،ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ ــ ﺪﻠﺟ ،1345 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻦﻴﻠﻜﻧﺍﺮﻓ ،ﺐﺣﺎﺼﻣ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﻣﻼﻏ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ،ﻰﺼﻗﺍ ﺎﺿﺭ ﻰﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ ،(ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﻭﺩ) ﻡﻭﺩ .1374 ﻭ 1356 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻰﺒﻴﺟ ﻯﺎﻬﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻐﻟ ،ﺮﺒﻛﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﺍﺪﺨﻫﺩ ــ ،ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺘﻐﻟ ﺔﺴﺳﺆﻣ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻯﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﺮﻔﻌﺟﺪﻴﺳ

.1373 ـ 1372 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،5 چ ،ﺮﻴﺒﻛﺮﻴﻣﺍ ،ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ،ﻢﺳﺎﻘﻟﺍﻮﺑﺍ ،ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓ ــ

.1357 ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ ،ﻥﺎﻴﻧﺎﺳﺎﺳ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ،ﺭﻮﺗﺭﺁ ،ﻦﺳ ﻦﺘﺴﻳﺮﻛ ــ

.1332 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﺎﻨﻴﺳ ﻦﺑﺍ ،2 چ ،ﻰﻤﺳﺎﻳ ﺪﻴﺷﺭ ،ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻭ ﻭﺮﺴﺧ ،ﻒﺳﻮﻳ ﻦﺑ ﺱﺎﻴﻟﺍ ،ﻯﺍ ﻪﺠﻨﮔ ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ــ

.1351 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﺮﻴﺒﻛﺮﻴﻣﺍ ،3 چ ،ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﺔﺴﻤﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻭ ﻭﺮﺴﺧ ،ﻒﺳﻮﻳ ﻦﺑ ﺱﺎﻴﻟﺍ ،ﻯﺍ ﻪﺠﻨﮔ ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ــ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ،ﻰﺳﻭﺩﺮﻓﺔﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ،ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﺔﺴﻤﺧ ^ﺭﺩ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ،ﻰﺴﻜﻋ پﺎﭼ ،ﻯﺮﻤﻗ ﻯﺮﺠﻫ ﻢﺘﺸﻫ ﻥﺮﻗ ﻰﻄﺧ .1379 ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ گﺭﺰﺑ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ