ﺮﺛﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻱﺭﺎﻛﺎﺸﻧ ﻭ
ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ
ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻭ
ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ ﺓﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﻩﺎﻴﮔ
ﻲﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ
]
Echinaceae purpurea
(L.) Moench[ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﺳ
ﻪﻧﺎﻤﺳ ﻱﺪﺳﺍ
1ﻢﻨﺻ
، ﻦﺴﺤﻣ ﻩﺭﺍﻭﺯ
*2
، ﺖﻤﻫ ﻪﻟﺍ ﻲﺘﺷﺩﺮﻴﭘ
،3
ﻪﻤﻃﺎﻓ ﻦﻛﺪﻴﻔﺳ
،4
ﻲﻠﻌﻧﺎﺑﺮﻗ ﺖﻤﻌﻧ
5ﻩﺩﺍﺯ
1 .
،ﺭﺎﻳﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ
،ﻲﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻞﮕﻨﺟ ﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ
،ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
،ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻭ ﺞﻳﻭﺮﺗ
،ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ
،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
2 .
،ﺭﺎﻴﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻭ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ
،ﺕﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧ ﺓﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ
،ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ
،ﻥﻼﻴﮔ ﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳ
3 .
،ﺭﺎﻴﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻭ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ
،ﺕﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧ ﺓﺪﻜﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻚﻴﺘﻧژ ﻭ ﺖﺴﻳﺯ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ
،ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺮﺒﻃ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ ﻭ
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ
،ﻱﺭﺎﺳ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
4 .
،ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ
،ﻲﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﺔﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻞﮕﻨﺟ ﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ
،ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
،ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻭ ﺞﻳﻭﺮﺗ
،ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ
، ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
5 .
،ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻭ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ
،ﺕﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧ ﺓﺪﻜﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻚﻴﺘﻧژ ﻭ ﺖﺴﻳﺯ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ
،ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺮﺒﻃ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ ﻭ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ
،ﻱﺭﺎﺳ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻝﻮﺻﻭ :ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ 14 / 02 / 1395 ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ
ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ :ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ 24 / 07 / 1395
ﻩﺪﻴﻜﭼ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ )
Echinacea purpurea
( ﺵﻭﺮﻓﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻩﺎﻴﮔ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻳﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺎﭘﻭﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺕﻻﺎﻳﺍ ﻩﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ ﻥﺎـﻣﺭﺩ ﻲﮔﺩﺭﻮﺧﺎﻣﺮـﺳ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍ
ﻲﻣ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻳ ﺶ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺕﺮﻛ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺩﺮﺧ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻙﻮﻠﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻲﻓﺩﺎﺼﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺔﻋﺭﺰﻣ ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺓﺪﻜـﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ
ﻚﻴﺘﻧژ ﻭ ﺖﺴﻳﺯ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺮﺒﻃ ﺭﺩ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ 1391 - 1392
، ﺍﺮﺟﺍ .ﺪﺷ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺳ ﻪ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺎﻛﺎﺸﻧ ﻱ ) 20 ﺩﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﻳ
،ﻦ 19
ﺩﺭﺍ ﻳ ﺖﺸﻬﺒ ﻭ 18 ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﻬﺑ 1392 ( ﺭﺩ ﺕﺮﻛ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻠﺻﺍ ﻲ ﻭ ﻪﺳ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ) 7
، 10 ﻭ 16 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ (ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺮﻛ ﺎـﻫ ﻱ ـﻋﺮﻓ ﻲ .ﺩﻮـﺑ
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻳ ﺞ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻪﭼﺮﮔﺍ ﺧﺄﺗ ﻴ ﺮ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ
، گﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﺪـﺷ
، ﻲـﻟﻭ ﺍﺰـﻓﺍ ﻳ ﺶ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ ﺎـﺗ 10 ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﺩ ﺭ
ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺎﺗ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﺍ ﻱ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ ﺧﺄﺗ ﻴ ﺮ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺍﺮﺒﺟ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻫﺩ ﺭﺎﺗ ﻳ ﺦ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺮﺗﺩﻭﺯ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ 10 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ
ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻳ ﺶ ﻤﻛ ﻴ ﺖ ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﻭ ﻳ ﮔﮋ ﻲ ﺎﻫ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺮﺗ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ /ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ
>ﻞﮔ /ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ
>ﻪﻗﺎﺳ /ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ گﺮﺑ
.ﺩﻮﺑ ﺑﻴ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻳ ﻦ
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ /ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ
ﻭ /ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ (ﻞﮔ+گﺮﺑ)
ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﺗ ﻳ ﺦ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺧ ﻭ ﺑﻴ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻳ ﻦ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ /ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﻞﮔ
ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﺗ ﻳ ﺦ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺩﺭﺍ ﻳ ﺖﺸﻬﺒ ﻩﺎﻣ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺑﻴ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻳ ﻦ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ گﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺗﺮﺗ ﻴ ﺐ 1 / 51 ﻭ 9 / 35 ﻣ ﻴﻠ ﻲ ﻡﺮﮔ ﻟﺎﮔ ﻴ ﻚ ـﺳﺍ ﻴ ﺪ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺮـﮔ
ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﺗ ﻳ ﺦ ﺖﺸﻛ 20 ﺩﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﻳ ﻦ ﻭ ﺗ ﻢﻛﺍﺮ 10 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ .ﺪﻣﺁ ﺑﻴ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻳ ﻦ ﺍﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﻱ ﻠﻨﻓ ﻲ ﻞﮔ ﺎﻫ ) 5 / 56 ﻣ ﻴﻠ ﻲ ﻡﺮﮔ
ﻟﺎﮔ ﻴ ﻚ ﺳﺍ ﻴ ﺪ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺮﮔ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ (ﻚﺸﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﺗ ﻳ ﺦ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ 19 ﺩﺭﺍ ﻳ ﺖﺸﻬﺒ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ 10 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﮔ ﻴ ﺮ ﻱ .ﺪﺷ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ ﻞـﮔ
<ﺎـﻫ
گﺮﺑ
<ﺎﻫ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ
<ﺎﻫ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ
،ﻞﻛ ﻣ ﻲ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻨﭼ ﻴ ﻦ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺮﻛ ﻪﻛ ﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﺎ
ًﻻ ﺭﺎﻛﺎﺸﻧ ﻱ ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫﺩﻭﺯ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ
ﺭﺩ 20 ﺩﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﻳ ﻦ ﻩﺎﻣ ﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ 10
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﻟﻮﺗ ﻴ ﺪ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻭ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ ﺯﺍ گﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ ﻭ ﺧﺄﺗ ﻴ ﺮ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺎﺗ 19 ﺩﺭﺍ ﻳ ﺖﺸﻬﺒ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ 10 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ
،ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ
ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﻟﻮﺗ ﻴ ﺪ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻭ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻞﮔ ﺎﻫ
، ﺭﺩ ﺍﺮﺷ ﻳ ﻂ ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻳ ﺶ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺪﻴﻠﻛ ﻩژﺍﻭ :ﺎﻫ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ
،ﺖﺸﻛ
،ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﻚﻴﻟﺎﮔ
،ﺪﻴﺳﺍ
،ﻲﻫﺪﻠﮔ ﻱﺍﻮﺘﺤﻣ .ﻲﻠﻨﻓ
ﻩﺭﻭﺩ
19 ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ
4 ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻣﺯ 1396
ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﻱﺎﻫ 1111 - 1095
1 . ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﺲﻨــﺟ
Echinacea
ﻲﻫﺎــﻴﮔ ﻲــﻔﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻪﻟﺎــﺳﺪﻨﭼ ﺯﺍ
ﺓﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎــﺧ
ﻲﻨــﺳﺎﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ1
ﻪــﻛ ﻩﺎﮕﺘــﺳﺎﺧ ﻥﺁ
ﻝﺎﻤــﺷ ﺎــﻜﻳﺮﻣﺁ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻭ
ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﺸﺣﻭ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻕﺮﺷ ﻭ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺕﻻﺎـﻳﺍ ﻩﺪـﺤﺘﻣ ﺎـﺗ
ﺏﻮــﻨﺟ ﺍﺩﺎــﻧﺎﻛ ﻩﺪــﻨﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﺖــﺳﺍ ] 8 .[
ﻪــﺳ ﺔــﻧﻮﮔ
E.
purpurea
،
E. pallida
ﻭ
angustifolia E.
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻢـﻬﻣ
ﻲﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺲﻨﺟ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺪـﻧﺍ ] 15 [ ﻪـﻛ ﻲـﺷﺎﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺎـﺛﺁ
،ﻲﺳﻭﺮﻳﻭﺪﺿ ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑﺪﺿ
ﻭ ﻲﭼﺭﺎﻗﺪﺿ ﻥﺁ
ﺎـﻫ ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻪـﺑ
ﻥﺁ ﺎﻫ ﺕﺮﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ] 17 [.
ﺔﻧﻮﮔ
E. purpurea
ﺎـﺑ
ﻡﺎﻧ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ
،ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺎﺑ
ﻞﮔ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻃﻭﺮﺨﻣ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻭ ﻪﺑ ﮓـﻧﺭ
ﺭﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﻮﻏ ﺎﺗ ﻲﺗﺭﻮﺻ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪـﻛ ﻪـﺑ ﺭﻮـﻃ ﻩﺩﺮﺘـﺴﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺎـﭘﻭﺭﺍ ﻭ
ﻝﺎﻤﺷ ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣﺁ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﻍﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻟﺎـﺳﺪﻨﭼ ﻭ
ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻞﮔ ﻪﺧﺎﺷ ﻩﺪﻳﺮﺑ
،ﺰﻴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﺖـﺳﺍ ] 17 .[
ﺎـﺑ
ﻦﻳﺍ
،ﻝﺎﺣ ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﺸﺣﻭ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ
ﻩﺎﮕﺘـﺴﻳﺯ ﻱﺎـﻫ
،ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺭﺩ ﺔـﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺖـﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻲـﺑ
ﻪـﻳﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺮـﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲـﺷﺎﻧ
ﺯﺍ
ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻫ ﻱﺎ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻱﺪﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻳﺪﻬﺗ ﺭﺍﺮـﻗ ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ
.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻭ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺭﺎﺸﻓ ﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ
،ﺎﻫ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺓﺩﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺭﺍﺯﺎﺑ ﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ
ﻭ
ًﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ ﺭﺩ ﺕﻻﺎﻳﺍ
،ﻩﺪﺤﺘﻣ
،ﺍﺩﺎﻧﺎﻛ
،ﻪﻴـﺳﻭﺭ ﺎـﭘﻭﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻴﻟﺍﺮﺘـﺳﺍ
ﺖﺸﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺩﻮﺷ ] 12 .[
ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻭ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ ﺖﺸﻛ ﻴﮔ ﻥﺎﻫﺎ ﻲﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ
،ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺔﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﻜﻫﺍﺭ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ
ﻪﺑ ﻲـﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ ﺶﻳﺍﺰـﻓﺍ
ﻲﻤﻛ ﻭ ﻲﻔﻴﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ ﻝﺮـﺘﻨﻛ ﺮـﺘﻬﺑ ﺩﺍﻮـﻣ ﻩﺮﺛﺆـﻣ
ﻥﺁ
،ﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺭﺎﺸﻓ ﺮﺑ ﺖـﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻱﺎـﻫ
،ﻲـﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺯﺍ
ﻱﺩﻮﺑﺎﻧ ﺎﻳ ﺽﺍﺮﻘﻧﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺎـﻫ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﻮـﻠﺟ ﺪـﻨﻛ
] 8 [.
ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺘـﺳﺩ ﻪـﺑ
ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻲﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻲـﻣ ﺪـﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﺮـﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻞـﻣﺍﻮﻋ
،ﻲﻜﻴﺘﻧژ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﻭ ﻲﺘﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﻥﺁ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ .ﺪـﻳﺁ
ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﺒﻫﺍﺭ
،ﻲﺘﻳﺮﻳﺪـﻣ ﺦﻳﺭﺎـﺗ
ﺖـﺷﺎﻛ ﻞـﻣﺎﻋ ﻲـﻤﻬﻣ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﺑ ﻝﻮﻃ ﺓﺭﻭﺩ ﺪﺷﺭ ﻲﺸﻳﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻲـﺸﻳﺍﺯ ﻭ
1. Asteraceae
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻥﺁ ﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻥﺎـﻣﺯ ﺭﺍﺮـﻗ ﻦﺘﻓﺮـﮔ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﻞـﺣﺍﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻂﻳﺍﺮـﺷ
ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ
،ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻤﻛ ﻭ ﻲﻔﻴﻛ ﻥﺎـﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻲـﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ
ﺮﺛﺍ ﻲﻣ ﺩﺭﺍﺬﮔ ] 16 .[
ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺎﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺪـﻴﻛﺄﺗ ﺮـﺑ ﺪـﺷﺭ ﻭ ﺖـﻋﺍﺭﺯ
ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﺰﻴﻣﺁ
،ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ
ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺨﻳﺭ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻭ ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ
ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺖﺤﺗ
ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖـﺸﻛ ﺵﺭﺍﺰـﮔ .ﺪـﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻦـﻳﺍ
،ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺪـﺷﺭ ﻪـﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎـﻬﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪـﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺎـﺑ ﻥﺎـﻫﺎﻴﮔ
،ﻩﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺗﺪﻨﻠﺑ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻭ ﻞﮔ ﻭ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﺸﻴﺑ ﺮﺘ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ گﺮﺑ ﺮـﺘﻤﻛ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ ] 8 .[
ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
،ﺐـﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻲـﻜﻳ ﺮـﮕﻳﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺎـﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ
ﻲﺘﻳﺮﻳﺪــﻣ ﺪــﻣﺁﺭﺎﻛ
ﺭﺩ ﻢﻴﻤــﺼﺗ ﻱﺮــﻴﮔ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻲــﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﺶﻳﺍﺰــﻓﺍﻭ
ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ
،ﻲﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺧ
ﺮﺛﺄﺘﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻉﻮﻧ
،ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻭ ﻢﻫﺮـﺑ ﺶﻨـﻛ ﻥﺁ ﺎـﻫ ﺖـﺳﺍ ] 6 .[
ﺕﺎــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻡﺎــﺠﻧﺍ
ﻩﺪــﺷ ﺭﺩ
،ﺮــﺼﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲــﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺪــﺷﺭ ﻭ ﺪــﻴﻟﻮﺗ
ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ
ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻪـﺑ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ 3
، 5 ﻭ 10 ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊـﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ
ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ) ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱﻭﺭ ﻒﻳﺩﺭ 60
، 40 ﻭ 20 ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ (ﺮﺘﻣ ﻥﺎـﺸﻧ
ﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻡﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺎﺑ ﺮـﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺔﻠـﺻﺎﻓ
ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺯﺍ 20 ﻪـﺑ 60 ﻲﺘﻧﺎـﺳ ﺮـﺘﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﺖـﺳﺩ ﻲـﻣ ﺪـﻳﺁ ] 25 .[
ﺭﺩ
ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ
،ﺪﻧﻼﻨﻓ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﺷ ﺶ ﺎـﺗ ﺖـﻔﻫ ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊـﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ 5 / 4 ﻡﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺖﺴﻳﺯ ﻩﺩﻮﺗ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ) +
(ﻪﺸﻳﺭ ﺮﺗ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﺖﺳﺍ ] 10 .[
ﺭﺩ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺮـﺛﺍ
ﻪﻠــﺻﺎﻓ ﻒــﻳﺩﺭ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﺖــﺷﺎﻛ ) 15
، 30 ﻭ 45 ﻲﺘﻧﺎــﺳ (ﺮــﺘﻣ ﺮــﺑ
ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻚﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻓﺭﻮﻣ ﻭ
ﺕﺎﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻲﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻩﺎﻴﮔ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮـﺳ
ﺭﺩ
،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﻣ ﻩﺩ ﻚـﺸﺧ ﻡﺍﺪـﻧﺍ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻲﻳﺍﻮـﻫ ﻭ
ﻪﺸﻳﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻲـﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻚـﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻓﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ
ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ ﺖـﺸﻛ
ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺗ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ) ﻒﻳﺩﺭ 45 ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ (ﺮﺘﻣ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺪﺷ ] 4 .[
ﺖــﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻲــﺘﻧﺁ ﻲﻧﺍﺪﻴــﺴﻛﺍ ﻩﺭﺎــﺼﻋ
ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮــﺳ ﺭﺩ
ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺖـﺳﺍ ] 9 ﻭ 18 .[
ﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ
ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ
،ﺎﻫ ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻲﺘﻧﺁ ﻲﻧﺍﺪﻴﺴﻛﺍ ﻞﻨﻓ
ﺎﻫ ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺘﻣ ﺷ ﻩﺪ ﺖـﺳﺍ
ﺍﺮﻳﺯ ﻞﻨﻓ
،ﺎﻫ ﻲﻜﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﺘﻧﺁ ﻲﻧﺍﺪﻴـﺴﻛﺍ ﻲـﻌﻴﺒﻃ
ﺭﺩ
ﺕﺎﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺪﻧﺍ ] 9 .[
ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞـﻛ ﺭﺩ
ﻡﺍﺪــﻧﺍ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻒــﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮــﺳ ﺕﻭﺎــﻔﺘﻣ
ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺐــﻴﺗﺮﺗ
ﻲﺸﻫﺎﻛ ﻥﺁ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻞﮔ
<ﺎﻫ گﺮﺑ
<ﺎﻫ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ
<ﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻳﺭ ﺎﻫ
ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ] 11 ﻭ 13 .[
ﺭﺩ
،ﻥﺍﺮــﻳﺍ ﺮــﮔﺍ ﻪــﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻮــﻣ ﺩﺭ ﻱﺭﺎﮔﺯﺎــﺳ ﻭ
ﻩﻮﻴــﺷ ﻱﺎــﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ
ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺖـﺳﺍ ] 1
، 2 ﻭ
3
،[
ﻲﻟﻭ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻦﻴـﻴﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺮـﺘﻬﺑ ﺦﻳﺭﺎـﺗ ﻭ
ﻢﻛﺍﺮــﺗ ﺖــﺷﺎﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻖﻃﺎــﻨﻣ ﻒــﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺭﻮــﺸﻛ ﺩﻭﺪــﺤﻣ .ﺖــﺳﺍ
،ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺎﺑ ﻑﺪﻫ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚـﺸﺧ ﻭ ـﻘﻣ ﺭﺍﺪ ﻞـﻨﻓ
ﻞﻛ ﻡﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻩﺎـﻴﮔ ﻲـﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮـﺳ ﻭ
ﻲﺑﺎـﻳﺯﺭﺍ
ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﺯﺍ
ﺖﻓﺍ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺸﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱﺮﻴﺧﺄـﺗ ﺯﺍ
ﻩﺍﺭ ﺶﻳﺍﺰـﻓﺍ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻂﻳﺍﺮـﺷ ﺏﺁ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺍﻮـﻫ
،ﻱﺭﺎــﺳ
ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﻭ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ .ﺪﺷ
2 . ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺎﻫ
ﺎﺑ ﻑﺪﻫ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻱﺭﺎﻛﺎﺸﻧ ﻭ
ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﺮـﺑ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻭ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ ﺟﺍ ﻱﺍﺰ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻩﺎﻴﮔ ﻲـﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ
،ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮـﺳ
ﻲــﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﺭﺩ
ﺔــﻋﺭﺰﻣ ﻲــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺓﺪﻜــﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ
ﻚــﻴﺘﻧژ ﻭ
ﺖﺴﻳﺯ ﻱﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ
،ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺮﺒﻃ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ
ﻡﻮـﻠﻋ ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎـﺸﻛ ﻭ
ﻊﺑﺎـﻨﻣ
ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻱﺭﺎـﺳ ﺽﺮـﻋ) ﻲﻳﺎـﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ 36
ﻪـﺟﺭﺩ ﻭ 39 ﺔـﻘﻴﻗﺩ
ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺷ ﻭ ﻝﻮﻃ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ 53
ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﻲﻗﺮـﺷ ﻭ
ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ 11 ﺮﺘﻣ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺢﻄﺳ (ﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺕﺮـﻛ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﺩﺮﺧ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻙﻮﻠﺑ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻞـﻣﺎﻛ ﻲﻓﺩﺎـﺼﺗ ﺎـﺑ
ﻪـﺳ
ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﻬﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ 1392
، ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﻭ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ .ﺪﺷ ﺶﻴﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ
،ﺶﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻙﺎﺧ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ ﻪﺳ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺍﺰﺠﻣ ﻪﺘـﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﺪـﺷ ﻭ
ﺲﭘ ﺯﺍ
،ﻁﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻙﺎﺧ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺪﺷ
ﻪــﻛ ﺞﻳﺎــﺘﻧ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻝﻭﺪــﺟ ) 1 ( ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻩﺪــﺷ .ﺖــﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎــﻴﻣ
ﻱﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎﭘ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷﺍﻮﻫ
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻱﺍﺮـﺟﺍ ﺶﻳﺎـﻣﺯﺁ ﻝﻭﺪـﺟ)
2
،(
ﺯﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﺕﺎــﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻲــﺳﺎﻨﺷﺍﻮﻫ
ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎــﺸﻛ ﻞــﻴﺧﺍﺮﻗ
-
ﻢﺋﺎﻗ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ .ﺪﺷ
ﻱﺎــﻫﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺶﻳﺎــﻣﺯﺁ
ﻞﻣﺎــﺷ ﻪــﺳ ﺦﻳﺭﺎــﺗ ﺖــﺷﺎﻛ ) 20
،ﻦﻳﺩﺭﻭﺮﻓ 19
ﺖﺸﻬﺒﻳﺩﺭﺍ ﻭ
18 ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺧ 1392 ( ﻭ ﻪـﺳ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ
ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ) 7
، 10 ﻭ 16 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠـﺻﺎﻓ ﺖـﺸﻛ 15
،
25 ﻭ 35 ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻱﻭﺭ (ﻒﻳﺩﺭ .ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﺖـﺸﻛ ﻪـﺑ ﺕﺭﻮـﺻ
ﻱﺭﺎﻛﺎﺸﻧ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺪﺷ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺎﺸﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔ ﺓﺪﻜـﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻥﺎـﻫﺎﻴﮔ
ﻲﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﺎﻬﺟ ﻲﻫﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺝﺮﻛ
ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴـﻣﺯ ﻲﻠـﺻﺍ ﻞـﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻭ ﺭﺩ
ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ 15
، 25 ﻭ 35 ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻱﻭﺭ ﻒﻳﺩﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺮـﻛ ﻲﻳﺎـﻫ
ﺎﺑ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ 5
× 3 ﺮﺘﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﻛﺎﺸﻧ .ﺪﻧﺪـﺷ
ﺮـﻫ ﺕﺮـﻛ ﻞﻣﺎـﺷ ﺶـﺷ
ﻒﻳﺩﺭ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻪـﺑ ﺔﻠـﺻﺎﻓ 40 ﻲﺘﻧﺎـﺳ ﺮـﺘﻣ .ﺩﻮـﺑ ﺔﻠـﺻﺎﻓ ﻦﻴـﺑ
ﺕﺮﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺮﻫ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ
،ﺖﺸﻛ ﻚـﻳ ﻒـﻳﺩﺭ ﺖـﺷﺎﻜﻧ ﻭ ﻪﻠـﺻﺎﻓ
ﻦﻴﺑ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
،ﺖﺸﻛ ﻭﺩ ﻒﻳﺩﺭ ﺖﺷﺎﻜﻧ ﺮﻈﻧﺭﺩ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ .ﺪﺷ
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ 1 . ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ ﻙﺎﺧ ﺔﻋﺭﺰﻣ ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ
ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻩﺪﺷ
ﻖﻤﻋ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ
) (cm ﺖﻳﺍﺪﻫ
ﻟﺍ ﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜ
) (dS/m ﺶﻨﻛﺍﻭ
ﻞﮔ ﻉﺎﺒﺷﺍ ﺮﻛ
ﻦﺑ ﻲﻟﺁ (%) ﻥژﻭﺮﺘﻴﻧ
ﻞﻛ (%) ﺮﻔﺴﻓ
ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺏﺬﺟ
) mg/kg ( ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺏﺬﺟ
) mg/kg ( ﻦﻫﺁ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺏﺬﺟ
) mg/kg ( ﺰﻨﮕﻨﻣ
ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺏﺬﺟ
) mg/kg ( ﻱﻭﺭ
ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺏﺬﺟ
) mg/kg ( ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﻙﺎﺧ
30 - 0 92
/ 0 7
6 / 2 22 / 0 4 / 28 451
206 98
3 / 15 ﻲﺘﻠﻴﺳ
ﻲﺳﺭ
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ 2 . ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷﺍﻮﻫ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ
ﻪﺑ 7 ﻩﺎﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺼﻓ ﺪﺷﺭ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ
ﻝﺎﺳ 1392
ﻩﺎﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻝﺎﺳ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ
ﺯﻭﺭ ﺎﻣﺩ
) (°C
ﺖﺑﻮﻃﺭ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ
(%) ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺳ
ﻲﺑﺎﺘﻓﺁ
(h)
ﻪﻨﻴﻤﻛ ﻪﻨﻴﺸﻴﺑ
ﻪﻨﻴﻤﻛ ﻪﻨﻴﺸﻴﺑ
ﻦﻳﺩﺭﻭﺮﻓ 31
2 / 10 8
/ 19 62
94 6
/ 144
ﺖﺸﻬﺒﻳﺩﺭﺍ 31
6 / 13 7
/ 24 53
95 1
/ 244
ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺧ 31
2 / 19 7
/ 28 55
94 1
/ 239
ﺮﻴﺗ 31
4 / 21 9
/ 30 52
90 8
/ 256
ﺩﺍﺩﺮﻣ 31
7 / 21 1
/ 29 64
96 3
/ 135
ﺭﻮﻳﺮﻬﺷ 31
8 / 21 1
/ 30 66
96 4
/ 159
ﺮﻬﻣ 30
6 / 16 1
/ 26 62
96 9
/ 165
ﻊﻤﺟ 216
5 / 124 4
/ 189 414
661 2
/ 1345
ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ 8
/ 17 06
/ 27 1
/ 59 4
/ 94 2
/ 192
،ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺔﻠﺻﺎﻓ
ﻦﻴﺑ ﻙﻮﻠﺑ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﺶﻳﺎـﻣﺯﺁ ﻭﺩ
ﺮـﺘﻣ .ﺩﻮـﺑ
ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻩﺩﺎﻣﺁ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﺮﺘﺴﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻢﺨﺷ
،ﻩﺰﻴﻳﺎـﭘ ﺢﻴﻄـﺴﺗ ﻭ ﻭﺩ
ﻚﺴﻳﺩ ﺩﻮﻤﻋ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻴﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺲﭙـﺳ ﻒـﻳﺩﺭ ﻱﺎـﻫ
ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﻪﺘﺸﭘ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ .ﺪﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻳﺎـﺠﻧﺁ ﻪـﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘـﺴﺑ
ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺎﻫﺎﺸﻧ ﺭﺩ
،ﻪﻧﺍﺰﺧ ﺔﺳﺎﻣ ﺐـﻟﺎﻏ ﺩﻮـﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺎـﮕﻨﻫ ﻝﺎـﻘﺘﻧﺍ
ﺎﻫﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ
،ﺰﻴﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﺔﺳﺎﻣ ﻡﺮﻧ ﺎـﻳﺭﺩ ﺎـﺑ ﻙﺎـﺧ
ﻪﺘﺸﭘ ﻁﻮﻠﺨﻣ .ﺪﺷ ﺎﻓﻼﺑ ﻪﻠﺻ ﺲﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺎﻫﺎـﺸﻧ ﻭ ﺲـﭘ ﺯﺍ
،ﻥﺁ ﺎــﺑ ﻪــﺟﻮﺗ ﻪــﺑ ﻂﻳﺍﺮــﺷ ﺏﺁ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺍﻮــﻫ
،ﻪــﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻱﺭﺎــﻴﺑﺁ
ﻪـﺑ ﺕﺭﻮـﺻ ﻩﺮـﻄﻗ
ﻱﺍ ﻡﺎـﺠﻧﺍ .ﺪـﺷ ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﻮـﻠﺟ ﺯﺍ
ﺭﺎــﺛﺁ
ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻒﻠﻋ ﺶﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﺷ ﺮﺑ ﺕﺎـﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻲـﻳﻭﺭﺍﺩ
،ﻩﺎـﻴﮔ
ﻪﺳ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺟﻭ ﻲﺘﺳﺩ ﻒـﻠﻋ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﺯﺮـﻫ ﺭﺩ) ﺔـﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘـﺳﺍ
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ
،ﺎﻫ ﻱﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﻲﻫﺪﻠﮔ ﻭ 50 ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻲﻫﺪﻠﮔ ( ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ .ﺪـﺷ ﺭﺩ
ﻦﻳﺍ
،ﺶﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻪـﺑ ﺰـﺟ ﺩﻮـﻛ ﻪـﻳﺎﭘ ﻥژﻭﺮـﺘﻴﻧ )
20 ﻡﺮﮔﻮـﻠﻴﻛ ﺭﺩ
ﺭﺎـﺘﻜﻫ ﻥژﻭﺮـﺘﻴﻧ ﺺﻟﺎــﺧ
ﺯﺍ ﻊـﺒﻨﻣ (ﻩﺭﻭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﭻﻴــﻫ ﻪـﻧﻮﮔ ﺩﻮــﻛ
ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ ﻱﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺮﻛ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ .ﺪﺸﻧ
ﻞﺣﺍﺮﻣ 50 ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻲﻫﺪـﻠﮔ ﺮـﺑ ﻱﺎـﻨﺒﻣ ﻩﺪﻫﺎـﺸﻣ ﺝﻭﺮـﺧ
ﻞﮔ ﺎﻫ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ 50 ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﻞﮔ ﻱﺎـﻫ (ﻖـﺒﻃ) ﺩﻮـﺟﻮﻣ ﻭ
ﻲﻫﺪﻠﮔ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﺍﺮﺑ ﺱﺎﺳ ﺝﻭﺮﺧ ﻞﮔ ﺎﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻴـﺑ ﺯﺍ 90 ﺪـﺻﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ
ﻞﮔ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻦﻴـﻴﻌﺗ .ﺪﻧﺪـﺷ ﺩﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚـﺸﺧ
،گﺮﺑ ﻞﮔ ﻭ ﺔﻗﺎﺳ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺎﺑ
ﺖـﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﺭﺎـﺛﺁ
،ﻪﻴـﺷﺎﺣ ﻱﻭﺭ
ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻞﮔ ﻲﻫﺩ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ .ﺪﺷ ﻡﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ
،گﺮﺑ ﻞﮔ ﻭ ﺔﻗﺎﺳ ﻩﺎﻴﮔ ﺲﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺯﺎـﺳﺍﺪﺟ ﻚـﺸﺧ
ﺪﻧﺪـﺷ ﻭ
ﺲﭙﺳ ﻥﺯﻭ ﻥﺁ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻱﻭﺯﺍﺮﺗ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺮـﻴﮔ .ﺪـﺷ
،ﺲﭙـﺳ
ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺮﻜﻴﭘ ﻲﺸﻳﻭﺭ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ) ﻚﺸﺧ (ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ
ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ
ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ .ﺪﺷ
.2 1 . ﺝﺍﺮﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺼﻋ
ﻲﻠﻨﻓ
ﺝﺍﺮﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺼﻋ
ﻲﻠﻨﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻚﺸﺧﺍﻮﻫ
،گﺮﺑ ﻞـﮔ ﻭ
ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﺱﺎـﺳﺍﺮﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ
ﻦـﺴﺠﻴﺗ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﺎـﻜﻤﻫ ]1
29 [ ﺎـﺑ ﻲـﻤﻛ
ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ .ﺪﺷ ﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺳﺩ ﻩﻮﻬﻗ ﻦﻛﺩﺮﺧ ) ﻝﺪﻣ
E G 90 W-120205
( ﺭﺩﻮﭘ ﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻚـﻟﺍ 40 ﺶـﻣ ﺭﻮـﺒﻋ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ
.ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺲﭙﺳ ﻪﺑ 4 / 0 ﻡﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺩﻮـﭘ ﻚـﻟﺍ ﻩﺪـﺷ 10 ﻲـﻠﻴﻣ ﺮـﺘﻴﻟ
ﺏﺁ:ﻝﻮﻧﺎﺘﻣ )
30:70 ( ﻪﻓﺎﺿﺍ .ﺪـﺷ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎـﻫ ﺲـﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻢـﻫ ﻥﺩﺯ
ﻲﻫﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺪﻣ 20 ﻪﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺎـﻤﺣ ﻚﻴﻧﻮـﺳﺍﺮﺘﻟﻭﺍ ﻝﺪـﻣ)2
KMH 1-120 W6501
( ﺎﺑ ﺪﻣﺎﺴﺑ 40 ﻮـﻠﻴﻛ ﺰـﺗﺮﻫ ﻱﺭﺍﺪـﻬﮕﻧ
1. Thygesen et al.
2. Ultrasonic Cleaner
ﻩﺪﺷ ﻭ ﺲﭙﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺪﻣ ﻭﺩ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﻚﻴﺷ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻩﺭﺎـﺼﻋ ﻱﺎـﻫ
ﻲﻟﻮﻧﺎﺘﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﺖـﺳﺩ ﻩﺪـﻣﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﺩ 10000 ﻪـﺑrpm
ﺕﺪـﻣ 10
ﻪﻘﻴﻗﺩ ژﻮﻴﻔﻳﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻝﺪﻣ)
Sigma 3-30K
( ﻭ ﺯﺎﻓ ﻲـﻳﻭﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺎـﻫ
ﺍﺪﺟ .ﺪﺷ ﺭﺎـﻛ ژﻮﻴﻔﻳﺮﺘﻧﺎـﺳ ﻭﺩ
ﺭﺎـﺑ ﻡﺎـﺠﻧﺍ .ﺪـﺷ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺎـﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺎﺗ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺔﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺎـﻣﺩ 20 - ﺔـﺟﺭﺩ
ﺱﻮﻴﺴﻠﺳ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻬﮕﻧ
.ﺪﻧﺪﺷ
.2 2 . ﻲﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ
ﻲﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ ﺎﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﻓ ﻮﻴﺘﻟﺎﻛﻮﻴﺳ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ1
ﺪـﺷ ] 26 .[
ﻪﺑ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ
،ﻲﻠﻨﻓ ﺖﺴﺨﻧ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ 10
ﺭﺎﺑ ﻖﻴﻗﺭ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ 125 ﺮﺘﻴﻟﻭﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﺯﺍ
ﻩﺭﺎﺼﻋ ﻲﻟﻮﻧﺎﺘﻣ ﺝﺍﺮﺨﺘـﺳﺍ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﺎﺑ 375 ﺮﺘﻴﻟﻭﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﺏﺁ
ﻭ 5 / 2 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﻑﺮﻌﻣ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﻓ 10
ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻁﻮﻠﺨﻣ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺑ ﻪ ﻁﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﭘ ﺯﺍ 6
،ﻪـﻘﻴﻗﺩ 2
ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﺕﺎﻨﺑﺮﻛ ﻢﻳﺪﺳ 5 / 7 ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻪﻓﺎﺿﺍ .ﺪﺷ ﻥﺍﺰـﻴﻣ ﺏﺬـﺟ
ﻁﻮﻠﺨﻣ
،ﺶﻨﻛﺍﻭ ﺲﭘ ﺯﺍ 90 ﻪﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﺭﺩ
ﻂﻳﺍﺮﺷ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ
ﺭﻮـــﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻝﻮـــﻃ ﺝﻮـــﻣ 765 ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎـــﻧ ﻂـــﺳﻮﺗ
ﻩﺎﮕﺘـــﺳﺩ
ﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﻓﻭﺮﺘﻜﭙــﺳﺍ ﻝﺪــﻣ)
Unico, USA
( ﻩﺯﺍﺪــﻧﺍ ﻱﺮــﻴﮔ .ﺪــﺷ
ﺭﺩ
،ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻱﻭﺭ ﻲﻨﺤﻨﻣ ﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎ ﺮﺑ ﺐـﺴﺣ
ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﻡﺮﮔ ﻲﻛﺍ ﻥﻻﺍﻭ ﺪﻴﺳﺍ ﻚﻴﻟﺎﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻚﻳ ﻡﺮـﮔ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ ﻚـﺸﺧ
ﻥﺎﻴﺑ .ﺪﺷ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻖﻴﻗﺭ ﻥﺩﺮﻛ
،ﺰﻴﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ
.ﺪﺷ
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺔﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ
،ﺎﻫ ﺯﺍ ﻡﺮـﻧ ﺭﺍﺰـﻓﺍ ﺔﺨـﺴﻧSAS
9
] 22 [ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ .ﺪﺷ ﺔﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ
،ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ
ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﺎﻨﻌﻣ )2
(LSD
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻭ 05 /
<0 ﻪـﺑp
ﻥﺍﻮـﻨﻋ ﺢﻄـﺳ
ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺎﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺮـﻈﻧ ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ .ﺪـﺷ
،ﺎـﻫﺭﺍﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺎـﺑ
ﻡﺮﻧ ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ
Sigmaplot
ﺔﺨﺴﻧ 12 ﻢﺳﺭ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ
3 . ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺚﺤﺑ
3 . 1 . ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻩﺪـﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺔـﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺲﻧﺎـﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ
ﺎـﻫ
1. Folin–Ciocalteu
2. Least significant difference
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ) 3
،(
ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻱﺭﺍﺩ
ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ .ﺖﺷﺍﺩ
ﺵﺮﺑ ﻲـﻫﺩ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺔﻤﻫ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﺖـﺷﺎﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺢﻄـﺳ ﻝﺎـﻤﺘﺣﺍ
ﻚﻳ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺪﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ) 4 .(
ﺔﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎـﺸﻧ
ﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ
،گﺮﺑ 6230 ﻡﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﺘﻜﻫ
ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺧﺮـﺳ ﻞﮔﺭ ﻲﻳﺎـﻫ ﺩﻮـﺑ ﻪـﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺦﻳﺭﺎـﺗ ﺖـﺷﺎﻛ 20
ﻦﻳﺩﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﻭ
ﺎﺑ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ 10 ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺮـﺘﻣ ﻊـﺑﺮﻣ ﺖـﺸﻛ ﺪﻧﺪـﺷ
ﻞﻜﺷ) 1 .(
ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺎﺗ 18 ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺳ
ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ ﻚـﺸﺧ گﺮـﺑ ﺎـﻫ .ﺪـﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺔـﻤﻫ
ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
،ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ 10 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺎﺗ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺍ ﺮﺛﺍ
ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣﺎﻧ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺮﺑ ﻣ ﻩﺩﺎ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﺎـﻫ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺍﺮـﺒﺟ
.ﺩﺮﻛ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ) 1631 ﻡﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺭﺩ (ﺭﺎـﺘﻜﻫ
ﺭﺩ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ 7 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺪﻣﺁ ﻪـﻛ ﺭﺩ
18 ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺧ ﻪﺘﺷﺎﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ) 1 .(
3 . 2 . ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻞﮔ
ﺱﺎﺳﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ
،ﺶﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻞﮔ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮـﺳ
ﺖﺤﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﻨﻛ ﺶ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻭ ﺦﻳﺭﺎـﺗ ﺖـﺷﺎﻛ ﺭﺍﺮـﻗ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ) 3 .(
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺵﺮﺑ ﻲـﻫﺩ ﻪـﺑ ﺔﻠﻴـﺳﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻞﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ
16 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻥﺎـﺴﻜﻳ
ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ) 4 .(
ﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ
،ﺶﻳﺎـﻣﺯﺁ ﺎـﺑ
ﺶﻳﺍﺰـﻓﺍ ﺩﺍﺪـﻌﺗ
ﻪــﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺪــﺣﺍﻭ ﺢﻄــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻒــﻳﺩﺭ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻛ ﺖــﺷﺎ 40
× 25
ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻭ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺸﻛ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺎـﻫ
ﺭﺩ 19 ﺖـﺸﻬﺒﻳﺩﺭﺍ
،ﻩﺎـﻣ
ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻞـﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﻪـﺑ 3 / 2713 ﻡﺮﮔﻮـﻠﻴﻛ ﺭﺩ
ﺭﺎـﺘﻜﻫ
ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ
،ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﻲﻟﻭ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺲﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺁ
،ﺦﻳﺭﺎـﺗ ﺚـﻋﺎﺑ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ
ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ .ﺪـﺷ ﺖـﺸﻛ ﺭﺩ 18 ﺩﺍﺩﺮـﺧ ﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺔﻠـﺻﺎﻓ
ﺖــﺸﻛ 35 ﻲﺘﻧﺎــﺳ ﺮــﺘﻣ ﻱﻭﺭ ﻒــﻳﺩﺭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮــﺗ) 7 ﻪــﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ
،(ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺠﻨﻣ
ﺮ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻞـﮔ ﺎـﻫ
ﺪﺷ ﻞﻜﺷ) 2 .(
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ 3 . ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺔﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ
ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻭ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ
ﻱﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ
ﺕﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ
ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ
گﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻞﮔ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﻞﻨﻓ
ﻞﻛ گﺮﺑ ﻞﻨﻓ
ﻞﻛ ﻞﮔ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻛ ﻞ
ﻪﻗﺎﺳ
ﻙﻮﻠﺑ
** 2 17 /
ns 6 018 /
ns 0 98 /
ns 1 40 /
ns 4 025 /
* 0 53 /
* 1 12 / 1
ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
** 2 4 /
** 1071 4 /
** 243 4 /
** 238 6 /
** 2958 2 /
** 14 1 /
** 335 8 / 95
ﻱﺎﻄﺧ 4 a
6 / 13 25
/ 1 31
/ 1 7
/ 19 058
/ 0 34 / 1 244 / 0
ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ
** 2 1 /
** 1935 6 /
** 332 1 /
** 700 7 /
** 6268 2 /
** 15 2 /
** 151 2 / 136
ﺭﺎــﺗ ﺦﻳ ﺖــﺷﺎﻛ ﻢﻛﺍﺮــﺗ×
* 4 1 /
** 57 2 /
ns 38 33 /
** 5 1 /
** 164 7 /
** 106 9 /
** 33 3 / 17
ﻱﺎﻄﺧ 12 b
6 / 18 37
/ 2 85
/ 1 4
/ 24 693
/ 0 389 / 0 596 / 0
ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ (ﺪﺻﺭﺩ) -
7 / 12 8
/ 13 1
/ 6 7
/ 7 9
/ 1 2 / 1 5 / 2
=ns†
ﻡﺪﻋ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ
،ﺭﺍﺩ
* ﻭ
=**
ﻪﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻚﻳ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﺟ ﻝﻭﺪ 4 . ﺵﺮﺑ ﻲﻫﺩ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
× ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻭ ﻞﻨﻓ ﻞﻛ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ
ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ) ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﻣ (ﻊﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ
ﻱﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻞﮔ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﻞﻨﻓ
ﻞﻛ گﺮﺑ ﻞﻨﻓ
ﻞﻛ ﻞﮔ ﻞﻨﻓ
ﻞﻛ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ
Pr>F
7 2
0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0
10 2
0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0
16 2
0001 /
<0 079
/ 0 0001
/
<0 0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0 0001 /
<0
ﻞﻜﺷ 1 . ﺮﺛﺍ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻞﮔ ﻲﻫﺩ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ
،ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺳ ﻜﺗ
±ﺭﺍﺮ ﻱﺎﻄﺧ)SE
(ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ )LSD
05 /
<0 (p
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
× ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ :ﻪﺗﻮﺑ 9 / 708
ﻞﻜﺷ 2 . ﺮﺛﺍ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻞﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻞﮔ ﻲﻫﺩ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ
،ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ
± ﻱﺎﻄﺧ)SE (ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ )LSD 05 /
<0 (p ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
× ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ :ﻪﺗﻮﺑ 9 / 268
ﻞﻜﺷ 3 . ﺮﺛﺍ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻲﻫﺪﻠﮔ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ
،ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ
± ﻱﺎﻄﺧ)SE
(ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ )LSD
05 /
<0 (p
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
× ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ :ﻪﺗﻮﺑ 31 / 1
3 . 3 . ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ
ﺮﺑ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺎﺘﻧ ﺞﻳ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻝﻭﺪـﺟ ﻪـﻳﺰﺠﺗ
،ﺲﻧﺎـﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺦﻳﺭﺎـﺗ ﺖـﺷﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺍﺮـﻗ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻲﻟﻭ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﻥﺁ ﺎﻫ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ) 3 .(
ﺔـﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ
ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺚـﻋﺎﺑ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎـﺳ ﻩﺪـﺷ
؛ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚـﺸﺧ ) 8 / 2997 ﻡﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ
ﺭﺩ ﺎﺘﻜﻫ (ﺭ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺦﻳﺭﺎـﺗ ﺖـﺷﺎﻛ 20 ﻦﻳﺩﺭﻭﺮـﻓ ﻭ
ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻥﺁ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ 18 ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺧ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ) 3 .(
ﻩﺩﺎــﻣ ﻚــﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎــﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺮــﺛﺍ ﻢﻛﺍﺮــﺗ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻒــﻠﺘﺨﻣ
،ﺰــﻴﻧ ﺭﺩ
ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺭﺎـﻣﺁ ﺭﺍﺮـﻗ ﺖـﻓﺮﮔ ﻭ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎـﺳ ) 1 / 3664 ﻡﺮﮔﻮـﻠﻴﻛ ﺭﺩ
(ﺭﺎـﺘﻜﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ 10
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺪﻣﺁ ﻜﺷ) ﻞ 4 .(
3 . 4 . ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎـﺗ
ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚـﺸﺧ ﻩﺭﺎـﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮـﺳ
ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ) 01 /
<0 (p
ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ) 3 .(
ﺵﺮﺑ ﻲـﻫﺩ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﻦـﺷﻭﺭ ﺩﺮـﻛ ﻪـﻛ ﻦـﻳﺍ
ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺔﻤﻫ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺎﻫ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺖـﺳﺍ
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ) 4 .(
ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺎـﺑ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ
ﺭﺩ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺎـﺗ 18 ﺩﺍﺩﺮـﺧ ﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺔـﻤﻫ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ
،ﺎـﻫ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
.ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺔﻤﻫ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻱﺎـﻫ
،ﺖـﺸﻛ
ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﻴﻣ ) 10 ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ (ﻊـﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ
ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ ﻚـﺸﺧ
ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﺍﺭ
؛ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﺪـﺑ
،ﺐـﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚـﺸﺧ
ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ )
3 / 11383 ﻡﺮﮔﻮـﻠﻴﻛ ﺭﺩ
(ﺭﺎـﺘﻜﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺮـﻛ ﻲﻳﺎـﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺪﻣﺁ ﻪﻛ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺎﻫ
ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺕﺮﻛ ﺎﻫ ﺭﺩ 20 ﻦﻳﺩﺭﻭﺮﻓ
ﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ 10 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻞﻜﺷ) 5 .(
ﻞﻜﺷ 4 . ﺮﺛﺍ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻞﮔ ﻲﻫﺩ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ
،ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ
± ﻱﺎﻄﺧ)SE
(ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ )LSD
05 /
<0 (p
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
× ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ :ﻪﺗﻮﺑ 31 / 1
ﻞﻜﺷ 5 . ﺮﺛﺍ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﺭﺩ
ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻞﮔ ﻲﻫﺩ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ
،ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ
± ﻱﺎﻄﺧ)SE (ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ )LSD 05 /
<0 (p ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
× ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ :ﻪﺗﻮﺑ 9 / 805
3 . 5 . ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ (L)گﺮﺑ
، (F)ﻞﮔ ﻭ ﻪﻗﺎـﺳ
ﻪﺑ(S) ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ (Shoot)
ﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ
،ﺶﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻱﺎـﻫ
L/Shoot
،
F/Shoot
،
S/Shoot
ﻭ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻞـﮔ ﻪـﺑ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ ﻚـﺸﺧ
ﻪﻗﺎﺳ
((L+F)/S)
،ﻢﻫ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨـﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎـﺗ
ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﺎـﻫ ﺭﺍﺮـﻗ ﺪـﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻝﻭﺪـﺟ) 5 .(
ﺞﻳﺎـﺘﻧ
ﺵﺮﺑ ﻲﻫﺩ
L/Shoot
ﻭ
F/Shoot
ﺎﺑ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﻱﺎـﻳﻮﮔ ﻦـﻳﺍ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺔﻤﻫ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻱﺭﺍﺩ ﺮـﺑ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭﺩ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ
،ﻲﻟﻭ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺵﺮﺑ ﻲﻫﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍ
ﺯﺍ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ
S/Shoot
ﻥﺎـﺸﻧ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻪـﻛ ﺡﻮﻄـﺳ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺎـﻨﻌﻣ ﺮـﺑ
ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺮـﺛﺍ
ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺪﻧ
؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺰﺟ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ 16 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺢﻄـﺳ ﺞﻨﭘ
ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮـﺑ ﻝﻭﺪـﺟ) 6 .(
6 / 64 ﺪـﺻﺭﺩ ﻭ 3 / 27
ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺐـﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ ﺭﺍﺪـﻘﻣ
L/Shoot
ﻞﻜـﺷ) 6 (a
ﻭ
F/Shoot
ﻞﻜــﺷ) 6 (b
ﻁﻮــﺑﺮﻣ ﻪــﺑ ﻲﻧﺎــﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺩﻮــﺑ
ﻪــﻛ ﺭﺩ
ﺗ ﺦﻳﺭﺎ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻡﺎـﮕﻨﻫﺩﻭﺯ ﻩﺭﺎـﻬﺑ
ﺎـﺑ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ 7 ﻪـﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊـﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ
ﺖﺸﻛ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺭﺍﺪـﻘﻣ
S/Shoot
) 4 / 52
،(ﺪـﺻﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ
ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺪﻣﺁ ﻪﻛ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻴﺧﺄـﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺖـﺷﺎﻛ ﺎـﺗ 18
ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺧ ﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ 16 ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻞﻜﺷ) 6
.(c
ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻞﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﺎﺳ ﻪﻗ
(L + F)/S
15 / 4 ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺮﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ
ﺪﻣﺁ ﻪﻛ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ ﺎﻫ
ﺎﺑ ﺮﻴﺧﺄـﺗ ﺭﺩ 18 ﺩﺍﺩﺮـﺧ ﻭ ﺎـﺑ ﻢﻛﺍﺮـﺗ 7
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻞﻜﺷ) 6 .(d
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ 5 ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ.
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ
ﺮﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ
،گﺮﺑ ﻞﮔ ﻭ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ
ﺁ ﻱﺩﺍﺯ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ
ﺕﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ
L/Shoot F/Shoot
S/Shoot (L+F)/S
ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ
ns 2 2 /
ns 11 633 /
ns 0 2 /
ns 10 255 / 0
ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
** 2 5 /
** 282 9 /
ns 271 7 /
ns 11 063 / 0
ﻱﺎﻄﺧ 4 a
5 / 4 3
/ 1 9
/ 4 054
/ 0
ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ
** 2 5 /
** 731 2 /
** 137 6 /
** 1467 6 / 12
ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ×
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ
** 4 2 /
* 74 5 /
* 24 2 /
* 42 709 / 0
ﻱﺎﻄﺧ 12 b
2 / 12 56
/ 2 1
/ 12 145
/ 0
ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ (ﺪﺻﺭﺩ) -
1 / 7 1
/ 10 1
/ 10 1
/ 15
=Ns†
ﻡﺪﻋ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ
،ﺭﺍﺩ
* ﻭ
=**
ﻪﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻚﻳ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ) L/Shoot
،(
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻞﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ) F/Shoot
،(
ﺖﺒـﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ ﻚـﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎـﺳ ﻪـﺑ ﻩﺭﺎـﺴﺧﺎﺷ ) S/Shoot
،(
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ) + (ﻞﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ) (L+F)/S (
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ 6 . ﺵﺮﺑ ﻲﻫﺩ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
× ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ
ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ) ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﻣ (ﻊﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ
ﻱﺩﺍﺯﺁ
L/Shoot F/Shoot
S/Shoot (L+F)/S
Pr>F
7 2
0001 /
<0 0001
/
<0 141
/ 0 0001
/
<0
10 2
035 / 0 0001
/
<0 163
/ 0 267
/ 0
16 2
0001 /
<0 0001
/
<0 041
/ 0 632
/ 0
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ) L/Shoot
،(
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻞﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ) F/Shoot
،(
ﺖﺒـﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ ﻚـﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎـﺳ ﻪـﺑ ﻩﺭﺎـﺴﺧﺎﺷ ) S/Shoot
،(
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ) + (ﻞﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ) (L+F)/S .(
ﻞﻜﺷ 6 ﺮﺛﺍ.
ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ )
L/Shoot
، ﻞﻜﺷ
،(a
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ
ﻞﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ )
F/Shoot
، ﻞﻜﺷ
،(b
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ )
S/Shoot
، ﻞﻜﺷ
،(c
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ) + (ﻞﮔ ﻪﺑ
ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ )
(L+F)/S
، ﻞﻜﺷ (d
ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻞﮔ ﻲﻫﺩ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮﺳ
،ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ
± ﻱﺎﻄﺧ)SE (ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ )LSD 05 /
<0 (p ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ
× ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ) L/Shoot
،
ﻞﻜﺷ :(a 54 / 5
، ) F/Shoot
، ﻞﻜﺷ :(b 59 / 2
، ) S/Shoot
، ﻞﻜﺷ :(c 54 / 5
، ) L+F)/S
، ﻞﻜﺷ :(d 606 / 0
ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺏﺁ
ﻭ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ
،ﺶﺑﺎﺗ ﺎﻣﺩ ﻭ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﻲﺑﺎﺘﻓﺁ
ﻭ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻞـﺣﺍﺮﻣ
ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
،ﺪﺷﺭ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻭ ﻱﺪﻣﺁﺭﺎﻛ ﺮـﺑ
ﺪـﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﻩﺎﻴﮔ ﺪـﻧﺭﺍﺩ ] 19 .[
ﺭﺩ ﻦـﻳﺍ
،ﺶﻳﺎـﻣﺯﺁ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ
ﻩﺩﺎـﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ گﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺩﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﻩﺎﻣ
ﻭ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ
ﻞﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺸﻬﺒﻳﺩﺭﺍ ﻩﺎﻣ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺪﻣﺁ ﻞﻜﺷ) ﻱﺎﻫ 1 ﺎﺗ 4 .(
ﻦـﻳﺍ
ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺸﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫﺩﻭﺯ ﺭﺩ
،ﺭﺎﻬﺑ
ًﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻠﻋ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻝﻮـﻃ ﺓﺭﻭﺩ ﺪـﺷﺭ ﻲـﺸﻳﻭﺭ ﻩﺎـﻴﮔ ﻭ
ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﺖﺻﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻊﺑﺎـﻨﻣ ﺪـﺷﺭ ﻲـﻣ ﺪـﻧﺍﻮﺗ
.ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﺸﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ
،ﻱﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﻝﻮﻃ ﺓﺭﻭﺩ ﺪﺷﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﺯﺎﻓ
ﻲﺸﻳﻭﺭ ﺎـﺗ ﺯﺎـﻓ ﻏ ﻪـﭽﻨ ﻲـﻫﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﻲـﻣ .ﺪـﻨﻫﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻦـﻳﺍ
،ﺶﻳﺎـﻣﺯﺁ ﻩﺩﺎــﻣ
ﻚــﺸﺧ
،گﺮــﺑ ﻞــﮔ ﻭ ﻪﻗﺎــﺳ ﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻉﻮــﻤﺠﻣ
ﻩﺭﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ ﻩﺎـﻴﮔ
ﺎـﺑ ﺮﻴﺧﺄـﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺖـﺷﺎﻛ ﻞﮔﺭﺎﺧﺮـﺳ ﺎـﻫ
ﺎـﺗ 18
،ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺧ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ .ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
ًﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖـﻠﻋ ﺩﺭﻮـﺧﺮﺑ
