١
ﺪﻨﭙﺳاﻲﻳورادهﺎﻴﮔﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟيﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘورﺬﺑﻪﻴﻨﺑﺮﺑﺎﻫهﺪﻨﻨﻛﻊﻳﺮﺴﺗﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ Peganum harmala L.)
ﺖﺤﺗ( ﺶﻨﺗ يرﻮﺷ
ﻲﻳﻮﻟدهدازﻦﺴﺣﺪﻣﺎﺣ
،1
يﺪﻴﻣاﺖﻤﺸﺣ
*
ﻲﻤﻴﺣﺮﻴﻠﻋﺲﮔﺮﻧ،2
1
ﺪﻫﺎﺷهﺎﮕﺸﻧادرﺬﺑيژﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗﺪﺷراﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛيﻮﺠﺸﻧاد1
هﺎﮕﺸﻧادتﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧحﻼﺻاوﺖﻋارزهوﺮﮔرﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا2
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
:سردآ*
زروﺎﺸﻛهﺪﻜﺸﻧاد،ﺪﻫﺎﺷهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ي
ﺘﺴﭘقوﺪﻨﺻ،ﺖﻋارزهوﺮﮔ، ﻲ
: 159 - 18155
E, mail: [email protected]
هﺪﻴﻜﭼ : ﻳﺎﻣزآ .ﺪﻳدﺮﮔاﺮﺟايرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﻂﻳاﺮﺷردﺪﻨﭙﺳارﺬﺑﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺮﺑ ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘتاﺮﺛاﻲﺑﺎﻳزرارﻮﻈﻨﻣﻪﺑﺶﻳﺎﻣزآﻦﻳا ﻞﻳرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓترﻮﺼﺑﺶ
ردﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻼﻣﺎﻛحﺮﻃﺐﻟﺎﻗردو 3
) يرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﺢﻄﺳﺞﻨﭘﻞﻣﺎﺷﺶﻳﺎﻣزآيﺎﻫرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔمﺎﺠﻧاراﺮﻜﺗ
،ﺮﻔﺻ EC
،7
،14
،21 28
) ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ روﺬﺑ،ﺢﻄﺳ رﺎﻬﭼ و (ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑ ﺲﻨﻤﻳز ﻲﺳد 2
/ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺻرد 0 72
) ﺪﻴﺳا ﻚﻴﻟﺮﺒﻴﺟ ،(ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 500
ﻪﺑنﻮﻴﻠﻴﻣ رد ﺖﻤﺴﻗ تﺪﻣ
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ) ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ ، (ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 48 ﻚﻤﻧ زاهدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑيرﻮﺷ ﺶﻨﺗحﻮﻄﺳ .دﻮﺑ ﻢﻳاﺮﭘ نوﺪﺑ و (ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 24
رد،نﺪﺷرﺎﻤﻴﺗزاﺲﭘروﺬﺑلواﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣرد .ﺪﻳدﺮﮔهدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘورﺪﻴﻫشورزاﻢﻫﺮﻄﻘﻣبآﺎﺑﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘياﺮﺑوﺪﺷدﺎﺠﻳاﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ يﺎﻣد ﺘﻔﻫ ودتﺪﻣﻪﺑو ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻚﺸﺧداﺮﮕﻴﺘﻧﺎﺳﻪﺟرد 25
ﻪﻛداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ يرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗضﺮﻌﻣ ردﻪ ﻲﻨﻌﻣﺮﺛا يرﻮﺷ
يراد ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎﻛﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟيﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘراﺪﻘﻣ،يرﻮﺷﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺎﺑوﺖﺷادﻪﺠﻫﺎﻴﮔيﺎﻫﻲﮔﮋﻳوﺮﺑ تﺎﻔﺻﺮﺑﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘﺮﺛا
ﺖﺳارادﻲﻨﻌﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳزرادرﻮﻣ (p<% 1)
ارﺖﺒﺜﻣﺮﺛاﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ،ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺶﻴﭘﻦﻳاﻦﻴﺑرد . ﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺐﻳﺮﺿﺮﺑﺪﻴﺳاﻚﻴﻟﺮﺒﻴﺟوﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘتاﺮﺘﻴﻧ
ﺐﺒﺳ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘتاﺮﺘﻴﻧ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺶﻴﭘ .ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد يرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣحﻮﻄﺳ ردﻲﻧز ﻪﻧاﻮﺟنﺎﻣز تﺪﻣﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺪﻴﺳاﻚﻴﻟﺮﺒﻴﺟ و ﻲﻧز ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا .ﺪﻳدﺮﮔلﺎﻣﺮﻧيﺎﻫﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔداﺪﻌﺗ
:يﺪﻴﻠﻛيﺎﻫهژاو ﺪﻨﭙﺳا
Peganum harmala L.) رﺎﻤﻴﺗﺶﻴﭘ،يرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗ،(
ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟ، .
:ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﻮﺷ ير ﺎﺒﻋ اتر ﺖﺳ زا ﻮﻀﺣ ر ﺶﻴﺑ ازا ﺪﻧ هزا ﺎﻫﻚﻤﻧ ي ﻞﺣﻞﺑﺎﻗ و
ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻲﻧﺪﻌﻣ رد ﻮﻠﺤﻣ وبآ ل ﺎﺧ ك ﻚﻤﻧﻊﻤﺠﺗﻪﺑﺮﺠﻨﻣﻪﻛ رد
ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ ر ﺪﺷﻪﺸﻳ وه ﺎﻴﮔ رده ﺬﺟ بآب ﻲﻓﺎﻛ زا ﻮﻠﺤﻣ ل ﺎﻫ ي ﺎﺧ ك ﻞﻜﺸﻣﺎﺑ ور
ﺮﺑ و ﻮﺷﻲﻣ د ) 1 ( ﻲﻜﻳ . زا ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ سﺎﺴﺣ نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻨﺗ
،يرﻮﺷ ﺔﻠﺣﺮﻣ اﻮﺟ ﻲﻧز ﻪﻧ ﺖﺳا ) 2 ﺰﮔ .( شرا ﻲﻳﺎﻫ و ﻮﺟ دراد د ﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻛ ن ﻲﻣ د ﺪﻫ ﺮﭘ ا ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳ ا ﺎﺟ ور هز ﻲﺴﻳﻮﻧ دوز ﺎﮕﻨﻫ م،
ور ﻲﺴﻳﻮﻧ
،اDNA ﺰﻓ ا ﺶﻳ و RNA ﺮﭘ وﺗ ئ ﺎﺘﺘﻨﺳ ﻦﻴ ارز ﺬﺑﻪﺑ رو ﻲﻣ د ﺪﻫ رو ﺪﺷ ور ﺎﻳ ار ن ﺰﻴﻧ ا ﺰﻓ ا ﻲﻣﺶﻳ د ﺪﻫ
، ﺎﻫﺶﺨﺑ آي ﺐﻴﺳ د ﺪﻳ ه ﺬﺑ اررو
ﺪﺸﺨﺑﻲﻣﻢﻴﻣﺮﺗ و
ﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ت ﺎﻫﺖﻴﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣ ار
ﻲﻣﺶﻫﺎﻛ د
ﺪﻫ ا . ﻮﻋﻦﻳ ا ﻲﻣﻞﻣ ﻮﺗ ا ﺰﻴﻣ ﺪﻧ ونا ﻮﻨﻜﻳ ا ﻮﺟﻲﺘﺧ ا ﻪﻧ ز ﺬﺑﻲﻧ ورو ﻮﻬﻇ ر ﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔ
ﺎﻫ ار ﻮﺒﻬﺑ د .ﺪﺸﺨﺑ ﻲﻳورادهﺎﻴﮔ ﺪﻨﭙﺳا
ﮔﻴ ﻫﺎ ﻲ ﻔﻠﻋ ﻲ زا ةداﻮﻧﺎﺧ Zygophyllaceae .ﺖﺳا
ﺎﻫﻪﻧاد ي اﻳ ﻦ ﮔﻴ هﺎ ﻲﻨﻏ زا ﻫﻮﺑﺮﻛ ﻴ
،تارﺪ
ﭙﻴﻟ ﻴ ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ،ﺪ ﻴ
،ﻦ حﻼﻣا ﻧﺪﻌﻣ ﻲ
، ﺋﻮﻟﺎﻜﻟآ ﻴ ﺎﻫﺪ و ﺳا ﻴ يﺎﻫﺪ ﻣآ ﻴ ﻪﻨ ﻣ ﻲ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻮﻟﺎﻜﻟآ ﺋﻴ ﺎﻫﺪ ي ﻪﻧاد ﻪﻛﺪﻨﭙﺳا دوﺪﺣ ﺪﺻرد 4
نزو ﻚﺸﺧ ﻪﻧاد ار
ﻜﺸﺗ ﻴ ﻞ ﻣ ﻲ وﺪﻨﻫد اراد ي ﻤﻫا ﻴ ﺖ ناواﺮﻓ ﺘﻌﻨﺻ ﻲ و ﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻲ
،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ زا اﻳ ﻦ ﻛﺮﺗ ﻴ تﺎﺒ ﻣﻴ ﻟﺎﻣرﺎﻫناﻮﺘ ﻴ
،ﻦ ﻣرﺎﻫ ﻴ
،ﻦ لﻮﻟﺎﻣرﺎﻫ و
زاو ﻳ ﺴ ﻴ ﻦ ار مﺎﻧ
)دﺮﺑ 3 .(
ﺎﻫشوروداﻮﻣ :
ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ ،ﺪﻨﭙﺳا روﺬﺑ ﻲﻧز ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺮﺑ يرﻮﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد هﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ رد ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ود ﻲﻃ ،ﻞﻳرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ترﻮﺼﺑ
ردﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗﻼﻣﺎﻛﻪﻳﺎﭘحﺮﻃﺐﻟﺎﻗ ردﺪﻫﺎﺷهﺎﮕﺸﻧاديزروﺎﺸﻛ ﻞﻣﺎﺷﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣزآيﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ .ﺪﻳدﺮﮔاﺮﺟاراﺮﻜﺗ3
ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺶﻴﭘ4
و (ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ) ﻢﻳﺪﺳ ﺖﻳﺮﻠﻛﻮﭙﻴﻫﺎﺑروﺬﺑاﺪﺘﺑا،ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘلﺎﻤﻋازاﻞﺒﻗ .دﻮﺑيرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﺢﻄﺳ5
رد5 تﺪﻣﻪﺑﺪﺻ ﻲﻧﻮﻔﻋﺪﺿﻪﻴﻧﺎﺛ30
نوردلواﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣﻲﻃروﺬﺑ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هدادﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷﺮﻄﻘﻣبآﺎﺑرﺎﺑﺪﻨﭼﺲﭙﺳو ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘتاﺮﺘﻴﻧﻞﻣﺎﺷ (ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ) ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺶﻴﭘ4
2 / تﺪﻣﻪﺑﺪﺻرد0 ﺪﻴﺳاﻚﻴﻟﺮﺒﻴﺟ،ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 72
تﺪﻣﻪﺑنﻮﻴﻠﻴﻣردﺖﻤﺴﻗ500 تﺪﻣﻪﺑ (ﺮﻄﻘﻣبآ) ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘورﺪﻴﻫوﺖﻋﺎﺳ 48
24
٢
ﻋﺎﺳ نوﺪﺑوﺖ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷروﻪﻃﻮﻏ (لﺮﺘﻨﻛ) رﺎﻤﻴﺗﺶﻴﭘ
لﺎﻤﻋاياﺮﺑمودﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣرد 5
) يرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﺢﻄﺳ
،ﺮﻔﺻEC
،7
،14
،21 ﻲﺳد 28
ز ﻪﭼﺎﻳرد ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻚﻤﻧ زا (ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑ ﺲﻨﻤﻳ
،رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺮﻫ زا راﺮﻜﺗ ﺮﻫ رد .ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﻴﻣورا دﺎﻌﺑا ﻪﺑ ﺶﻳد يﺮﺘﭘ ﺮﻫ ﻞﺧاد رد رﺬﺑ 50
) 9
× 5 / ﺷ ﻦﻤﺗاوﺬﻏﺎﻛ يور (ﺮﺘﻣ ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ 1 هرﺎﻤ
ﺶﻳد يﺮﺘﭘ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﺷ هدادراﺮﻗ 1 ﺎﺑ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻚﻤﻧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺎﻳ ﺮﻄﻘﻣبآ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ 10
شرﺎﻤﺷ .ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﻢﻠﻴﻓارﺎﭘ ﺎﺑﺎﻫ يﺮﺘﭘ رود بآ ﺮﻴﺨﺒﺗ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ و ﺪﺷ هدوﺰﻓا رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ،هﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ يرﻮﺷ حﻮﻄﺳ ﻦﻴﻌﻣﻲﺘﻋﺎﺳردﻪﻧازورترﻮﺻﻪﺑمودزورزاهدزﻪﻧاﻮﺟيﺎﻫرﺬﺑﻪﻧازور ﻲﻣﻲﻘﻠﺗهدزﻪﻧاﻮﺟيروﺬﺑ،شرﺎﻤﺷمﺎﮕﻨﻫﻪﺑ .ﺪﻳدﺮﮔمﺎﺠﻧا
ﺎﻫنآﻪﭼﻪﺸﻳرلﻮﻃﻪﻛﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟاﻦﻴﺑيﺎﻫرﺎﻴﻌﻣيﺎﻨﺒﻣﺮﺑلﺎﻣﺮﻧﺮﻴﻏولﺎﻣﺮﻧيﺎﻫﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔداﺪﻌﺗﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .دﻮﺑﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑﺎﻳ ﺮﺘﻣﻲﻠﻴﻣ2
) رﺬﺑ نﻮﻣزآ 5
.ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ( رد
،لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ يﺎﻬﺘﻧا ﺐﻳﺮﺿ
ﺮﻓ)ﻲﻧز ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ لﻮﻣ
،(1 ﻲﻧز ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺪﺻرد لﻮﻣﺮﻓ)
2
،(
ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟتﺪﻣﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ لﻮﻣﺮﻓ)
3 ( .ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗﻞﻛسﺎﻣﻮﻴﺑو
GC=
) 1 ( GP=
) 2 ( MGT=
) 3 (
،ﺎﻫرﺬﺑﻞﻛداﺪﻌﺗN
،هدزﻪﻧاﻮﺟيﺎﻫرﺬﺑn di
يﺎﻫزور . شرﺎﻤﺷ ni
.ﺖﺳاشرﺎﻤﺷﺮﻫردهدزﻪﻧاﻮﺟرﺬﺑداﺪﻌﺗ
ﺚﺤﺑوﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺶﻴﭘ ﺮﺛا ﺢﻄﺳ رد لﺎﻣﺮﻧ يﺎﻫ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺮﺑ يرﻮﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ حﻮﻄﺳ و (ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ)
ﺪﺻرد 1 و يرﻮﺷ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ ﺮﺛا و
ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ ﺢﻄﺳ رد
ﺪﺻرد 5 راد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺪﺷ
لوﺪﺟ)
،(1 ﻪﻛ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ روﺬﺑ
تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺎﺑ ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ رد ﺪﻨﭙﺳا رد و ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ﻫﺎﻴﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘورﺪﻴﻫ ﭽ
لﺎﻣﺮﻧيﺎﻫ ﻪ ار
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ اراد يور ﺮﺑ يرﻮﺷ ﺶﻨﺗو ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ ﺮﺛا .
ﻲﻧز ﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺐﻳﺮﺿ )
01 / p≤0 (
لوﺪﺟ)دﻮﺑ رادﻲﻨﻌﻣ دﻮﺑ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧرﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻪﺑطﻮﺑﺮﻣﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺐﻳﺮﺿﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ .(1
لوﺪﺟ) ﺮﺛا .(2
ﺘﻣ و ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘﻦﻴﺑ ﻞﺑﺎﻘ
ﺶﻨﺗ يرﻮﺷﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﺗﻪﻛ يرﻮﻃﻪﺑدﻮﺑ رادﻲﻨﻌﻣيرﻮﺷ 3
رﺎﺑ - ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘتاﺮﺘﻴﻧﺎﺑرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺶﻴﭘ رد ﺛا
ﺮ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺐﻳﺮﺿ يور ﺮﺑ يرادﻲﻨﻌﻣ
ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ ﻲﻧز
، ﺢﻄﺳ زا ﺎﻣا 6
ﺖﻓﺎﻳ يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ رﺎﺑ -
؛ يرﻮﺷ ﺢﻄﺳ ردﻪﻛ يرﻮﻄﺑ 3
ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺶﻴﭘ ردرﺎﺑ -
) 63 / 38 ﻪﺑ ( ﺢﻄﺳ رد و ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ يرﻮﺷ
12 ﺪﻴﺳا ﻚﻴﻟﺮﺒﻴﺟ رﺎﻤﻴﺗﺶﻴﭘ رد رﺎﺑ - )
853 / ﺪﻴﺳر ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻪﺑ (13 لوﺪﺟ)
4 ( .
ﺶﻨﺗوﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ ﺖﻔﺻيورﺮﺑيرﻮﺷ
ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟتﺪﻣ لﺎﻤﺘﺣاﺢﻄﺳرد
ﺖﺳارادﻲﻨﻌﻣﺪﺻرد1 لوﺪﺟ)
1 ﺶﻴﭘﻦﻴﺑردﻪﻛيرﻮﻄﺑ .(
ﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺘﺑ ﺪﻴﺳا ﻚﻴﻟﺮﺒﻴﺟ و ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺶﻴﭘ ،ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ 09
/ و 4 40 / زور 5
، ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ و ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ياراد
ﻲﺗرﺎﺒﻋ
، تاﺮﺘﻴﻧرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺶﻴﭘردﺪﻨﭙﺳاروﺬﺑﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣرﻮﻄﺑ ﭘ
تﺪﻣردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘ 09
/ وزور4 تﺪﻣردﺪﻴﺳاﻚﻴﻟﺮﺒﻴﺟرد 40
/ ﻲﻣﻪﻧاﻮﺟزور5
ﺪﻨﻧز لوﺪﺟ) ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘﺮﺛا .(2
، اويرﻮﺷ ﺛ
ﻞﻛسﺎﻣﻮﻴﺑيورﺮﺑﺎﻬﻧآﻦﻴﺑﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮ لﺎﻤﺘﺣاﺢﻄﺳ رد
لوﺪﺟ) ﺖﺳارادﻲﻨﻌﻣﺪﺻرد1 1
( .
هﺪﺷلﺎﻤﻋايﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺶﻴﭘﻦﻴﺑرد
، وﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘورﺪﻴﻫردﺐﻴﺗﺮﺘﺑسﺎﻣﻮﻴﺑﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛوﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺪﻴﺳاﻚﻴﻟﺮﺒﻴﺟ
دﻮﺑ لوﺪﺟ) 2 حﻮﻄﺳرد .(
يﺰﻤﺳاﻞﻴﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ (يرﻮﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ)
حﻮﻄﺳﺰﻴﻧ 3
و- 12 ﺪﻨﺘﺷادارسﺎﻣﻮﻴﺑﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛو ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑرﺎﺑ - لوﺪﺟ)
3 ﺶﻫﺎﻛﻪﻛيرﻮﻄﺑ.(
يرﻮﺷﺢﻄﺳردسﺎﻣﻮﻴﺑ 9
ﺪﻫﺎﺷﻪﺑﺖﺒﺴﻧرﺎﺑ - 48
/ لوﺪﺟ) دﻮﺑﺪﺻرد92 4
.(
لوﺪﺟ 1 ﺪﻨﭙﺳاردﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟتﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧتﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣﺲﻧﺎﻳراوﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ -
سﺎﻣﻮﻴﺑ ﻞﻛ
تﺪﻣﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻲﻧز
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺪﺻرد ﻲﻧز
ﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔداﺪﻌﺗ لﺎﻣﺮﻧ
ﻪﺟرد
يدازآ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
2,34** 9,91** 0,009** 204,97** 295,53** 3 ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ
12,33** 25,01** 0,10** 12499,73** 798,05** 4 يرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗ
0,84** 8,54** 0,003** 105,64** 58,21** 12 ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ×يرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗ
0,12 2,07 0,0009 39,33 2,15 40 ﺎﻄﺧ
18,30 28,38 15,45 15,47 16/47 (CV) %تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗﺐﻳﺮﺿ
ﺢﻄﺳردﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫوﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫمﺪﻋهﺪﻨﻫدنﺎﺸﻧﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ ** و * ns 5
و% 1 ﺪﺷﺎﺑﻲﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳزرادرﻮﻣتﺎﻔﺻﻦﻴﺑ% .
٣
لوﺪﺟ 2 ﺪﻨﭙﺳاردﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟتﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ -
ﻞﻛسﺎﻣﻮﻴﺑ ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟتﺪﻣﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺪﺻرد لﺎﻣﺮﻧيﺎﻫﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔداﺪﻌﺗ ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ
1,63c 5.84.a 0,19a 42,93a C4,93 لﺮﺘﻨﻛ
1,66c 4.87.b 0,16b 35,46b C 5,33 ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘورﺪﻴﻫ
1,99b 5,56a 0,21a 43,60a 13,73a ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘتاﺮﺘﻴﻧ
2,48a 4,02b 0,21a 40,13a 11,60b ﺪﻴﺳاﻚﻴﻟﺮﺒﻴﺟ
(ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد)يرﻮﺷ
2,16b 3,29b 0,31a 79,50a 20,58a 0
2,71a 3,93b 0,26b 66,16b 12,66b 7
2,78a 5,56a 0,17c 37,5c 8,33c 14
1,76c 6.86.a 0,14d 16,33d 2,91d 21
0,29d 5,63a 0,08e 3,16e 0,00e 28
نﻮﻣزآسﺎﺳاﺮﺑيرﺎﻣآتوﺎﻔﺗﺪﻗﺎﻓنﻮﺘﺳﺮﻫردﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣفوﺮﺣﺎﺑﺎﻫﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺢﻄﺳردLSD
5
% .ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ
لوﺪﺟ ﺮﺑﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘويرﻮﺷﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣتاﺮﺛاﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ :4 ﺪﻨﭙﺳاﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟتﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ
سﺎﻣﻮﻴﺑ ﻞﻛ mg) (
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟنﺎﻣزتﺪﻣﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ زور)ﻲﻧز (
ﺐﻳﺮﺿ
ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﻲﻧزﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺪﺻرد ﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔداﺪﻌﺗ لﺎﻣﺮﻧ
ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ي
(ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد)يرﻮﺷ ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘ
1,46fgh 3,40efghi 0,29bc 78,66ab 10,0ef 0
لﺮﺘﻨﻛ
2,07def 4,04defghi 0,25c 72,66b 7,0gh 7
2,35cde 5,81cdef 0,17efg 34,66def 4,6hij 14
1,31gh 7,41abc 0,13fgh 4,66g 3,0jk 21
0,97h 8,55ab 0,12gh 1,33g 0,0l 28
1,61fg 4,08defghi 0,24cd 75,33ab 13,0d 0
ﮓﻨﻴﻤﻳاﺮﭘورﺪﻴﻫ
2,35cde 5,12cdefgh 0,19de 53,33c 7,66gf 7
2,42cd 5,32cdefgh 0,18ef 36,00de 4,33ij 14
1,75efg 6,70abcd 0,14efgh 10,66g 1,66kl 21
0,20i 2,66hi 0,04i 2,00g 0,0l 28
2,75bc 2,73hi 0,37a 79,33ab 30,33a 0
ﻢﺴﻳﺎﺘﭘتاﺮﺘﻴﻧ
3,16b 3,45efghi 0,29bc 70,0b 20,0b 7
2,41cde 5,94bcde 0,17efg 38,0d 12,66d 14
1,63fg 6,70abcd 0,15efgh 26,0ef 5,66hij 21
0,0i 9,0a 0,11h 4,66g 0,0l 28
2,84bc 2,96ghi 0,34ab 84,66a 29,0a 0
ﺪﻴﺳاﻚﻴﻟﺮﺒﻴﺟ
3,26b 3,11fghi 0,32ab 68,66b 16,0c 7
3,96a 5,53cdefg 0,18ef 41,33d 11,66de 14
2,36cde 6,16bcde 0,16efgh 4,66g 1,33kl 21
0,0i 2,33i 0,04i 1,33g 0,0l 28
نﻮﻣزآسﺎﺳاﺮﺑيرﺎﻣآتوﺎﻔﺗﺪﻗﺎﻓنﻮﺘﺳﺮﻫردﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣفوﺮﺣﺎﺑﺎﻫﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺢﻄﺳردLSD
5
% .ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ
٤
:ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ 1. Tawfik , A. and A. Noga. 2001. Priming of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) seeds and its effects of germination , emergence and storability. J. Applied Botany. 75: 216-220.
2. Zhu J.K., 2001. Plant salt tolerance. Trends in Plant Science, 6: 66-71.
3. Falahati, M., Fateh, R., kiani, J.1390. Antifungal Effects of harmala.
Qom University of Medical Sciences. 3:14-18.
4. Ashraf, M., and Foolad, M.R. 2005. Pre sowing seed treatment –approach to improve germination, plant growth, and crop yield under saline and non saline conditions. Advances inAgronomy, 88: 223- 265.
Study of harmala (Peganum harmala L) Germination attribes and Seed Vigur under saline stress by Osmopriming accelerators Pretreatment
H.hassanzade1, H.Omidi٭2, N.alirahimi1
1. MSc student, Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, ShahedUniversity 2. Assistant professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University
٭Addres: Agronomy Dept., Agriculture College, Shahed University -Tehran - Iran, P.O.Box: 15115-118 E, mail: [email protected]
Abstract:
This investigation was conducted to evaluate the effects of the Osmopriming on seed germination of harmala , under saline stress condition. The design of the experiment was a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The experimental factors were five level of salinity by natural salt (0, 7, 14, 21, 28 ds.m-1), and four primed seed levels Kno3 (0.2 %, 72 hours), GA (500 ppm, 48 hours), hydro priming (water distiller, 24 hours) and control. At the first stage harmala were immersed in one level of Osmopriming treatment then dried and next treated by saline stress for up to 2 weeks at room temperature. Then the seeds were distilled by saline at 25 °C and subjected to saline stress treatments for two week. Results showed that salinity had a significant effect on the characteristics of seedling and with increased salinity, reduced germination parameters. Also, effects of priming on traits were significant (p <% 1). In the treatments of pre-treated, the most positive effect was in potassium nitrate and gibberellic acid on the germination rate and the average duration of gibberellic acid on germination of levels of salinity. Potassium nitrate pretreatment also increased the number of normal seedlings.
Keywords: Germination, Harmala (Peganum harmala L), Osmopriming, saline stress
