ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﺑﺮﻋ هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ندوﺰﻓا ﯿ
ﺘﻧآ صاﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ ﺎﮑ ﯽ
ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﺘﻓﺎﺑ ، ﯽ ﺴﺣ و ﯽ تﻼﮑﺷ
اﯾ وﺎﺟ نﺎﻤ ﯾ ﺪ ي نﺎﻣﮋﭘ ژارﺎﮐ ﺎﺿر ،
1ﯾ
2
نﺎ دﺮﮔ ﻪﻤﺠﻧ ،
*ﺮﻬﺷﻮﻧ
2
ي
1 ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ي ﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ ﯽ ﺎﻨﺻ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ ،ﺪﺷرا ﯾ
اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ
، ﻟﺎﻋ شزﻮﻣآ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﯽ
ﻫﺎﮕﺸﻧاددﺎﻬﺟ ﯽ
ا ،ﺮﻤﺷﺎﮐ ،ﺮﻤﺷﺎﮐ ﯾ
ناﺮ .
2 ﺑ ﻰﺸﻫوﮋﭘ هوﺮﮔ ،رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ
ژﻮﻟﻮﻨﮑﺗﻮ ي ﺘﻌﻨﺻ ﯽ ﻣ ﯿ ﻧﺎﮔراوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﺑ هﺪﮑﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ،ﺎﻫ ﻢﺴ ﯿ
ژﻮﻟﻮﻨﮑﺗﻮ ي ﺘﻌﻨﺻ ﯽ ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ،ىﻮﺿر نﺎﺳاﺮﺧ ﻰﻫﺎﮕﺸﻧاددﺎﻬﺟ ،
اﯾ ناﺮ .
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﮑﭼ
ﯿ هﺪ
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺎﻫ ﺦ ي ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ :
رﺎﺗ ﯾ رد ﺦ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ : 19 / 07 / 1400
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺬﭘ ﺦ ﯾ شﺮ : 24 / 02 / 1401
ﻠﮐ تﺎﻤﻠﮐ ﯿ
ﺪ ي :
،تﻼﮑﺷ
،ﺪﻨﻣدﻮﺳاﺮﻓ ﺑﺮﻋ هﻮﻬﻗ ﯿ
،ﺎﮑ ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯿ ﺘﻧآ تﺎ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ناﺪ .
DOI: 10.22034/FSCT.19.126.217
DOR: 20.1001.1.20088787.1401.19.126.11.2
تﺎﺒﺗﺎﮑﻣ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ :
ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ تﻼﮑﺷ ﯾ
ﮑ ﯽ فﺮﺼﻣﺮﭘ زا ﺮﺗ
ﯾ ژر رد تﻼﻘﻨﺗ ﻦ ﯾ
اﺬﻏ ﻢ ﯾ ﯽ ﻣ حﺮﻄﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . لﺎﺳ رد ﺎﻫ ي
ﺧا ﯿ ﺎﻫاﺬﻏ نﺪﺷ حﺮﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺮ ي
رد نﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ،ﺪﻨﻣدﻮﺳاﺮﻓ ﻮﻘﺗ دﺪﺻ
ﯾ ﮐﺮﺗ ﺎـﺑ تﻻﻮﺼـﺤﻣ ﺖ ﯿ
تﺎـﺒ
ﺎﺟ ﯾ ﺰﮕ ﯾ اﺰﻓا ﺖﻬﺟ ،ﻦ ﯾ
تاﺮﺛا ﺶ ﺸﺨﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ
ﯽ نآ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺎﻫ . ا زا فﺪﻫ ﯾ ﮋﭘ ﻦ ﺎﺟ ،ﺶﻫو ﯾ
ﺰﮕ ﯾﻨ ﯽ
ﺑﺮﻋ هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ردﻮﭘ ﯿ
ﺎﮑ ﺳﻻﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﯿ
ﺳرﺮﺑ و تﻼﮑﺷ نﻮ ﯽ
ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯿ دﻮـﺑ نآ تﺎ .
ﻪـﻟﺎﻔﺗ ردﻮـﭘ
ﺑﺮﻋ هﻮﻬﻗ ﯿ ،ﺮﻔﺻ ﺢﻄﺳ رﺎﻬﭼ رد ﺎﮑ 20
، 40 و 60 ﺳﻻﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﯿ
و ﺪـﺷ هدوﺰﻓا تﻼﮑﺷ نﻮ
وﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﺘﻓﺎﺑ ، ﯽ ﺴﺣ و ﯽ زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﺪﺷ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ اﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞ ﯾ
ﺶ ﻣ ﯿ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ناﺰ
ﻬﻗ ﻠﭘ ﺢﻄﺳ هﻮ ﯽ
ﻞﻨﻓ ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ ،ﺎﻫ ﯿ
ﺪ ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ،ﺎﻫ ﯿ دار رﺎﻬﻣ ﺪﺻرد ﻦ ﯾ
دازآ لﺎﮑ رﻮﻀﺣ رد ،DPPH
هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ اﺰﻓا
ﯾ ﺶ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ . ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﯿ ﺎﺘﻧ ﻦ ﯾ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﺞ ﯽ ﻟﺎﻧآ ﯿ ﺴﺣ ﺰ ﯽ ﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﺛا هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽ
ﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﯽ
ﺘﻓﺎﺑ صاﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ ﯽ
ﻧﺎﻫد ﺖﻓﺎﺑ سﺎﺴﺣا ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﻄﻘﺗ زا و ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ تﻼﮑﺷ ﯽ
تﻼﮑﺷ
دﻮﺑ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﺪﺣ رد .ﺑ
ﺴﮔ دﻮﺟو ﺎ ﯽ
ﺷﺎﻧ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ ﯽ
ﺗ ،هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ زا ﯿ
رﺎﻤ 60 ﺪﺻرد ﺎﭘ ﯾﯿ ﻦ ﺮﺗ ﯾ ﻦ
ﺘﻣا ﯿ ﺬﭘ ظﺎﺤﻟ زا زﺎ ﯾ
ﻠﮐ شﺮ ﯽ ﺑﺮﻋ هﻮﻬﻗ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﻢﻌﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻣا ﺖﺷاد ﯿ
ﺗ تﻼﮑﺷ ﺮﺑ ﺎﮑ ﯿ
رﺎﻤ
20 ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﯾ
ﺘﻣا ﻦ ﯿ دﺮﮐ ﺐﺴﮐ ار زﺎ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯾ
نﻮﻣزآ ﺞ ﯽﻣ ،ﺎﻫ ا زا ناﻮﺗ ﯾ ﻪﺑ هدروآﺮﻓ ﻦ
ﻐﺗ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﯾﺬ
ﺖﺴﺟ هﺮﻬﺑ نﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ و يا .
دﺎﻘﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا اﺬﻟ ﯾ
زا ﺮـﺘﻤﮐ ﺮ
20 ﮐ صاﻮﺧ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺪﺻرد ﯿﻔ
ﯽ ﺘﻧآ و ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﭘ ﯿ ﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸ ﯽ ددﺮﮔ .
ﺎﻨﺻ و مﻮﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ
ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ا ﯾ ناﺮ
www.fsct.modares.ac.ir
: ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﺖ ﯾ ﺎﺳ
ﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ
ﯽ
ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ
_ﯽ
1 - ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ تﻼﮑﺷ ﯾ
فﺮﺼﻣﺮﭘ زا ﯽﮑ ﺮـﺗ
ﯾ اﺬـﻏ ﺪﺒـﺳ تﻼﻘﻨـﺗ ﻦ ﯾ
،ﯽ
اﺮﺑ ﯽﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ هدروآﺮﻓ ي
ﯽﻨﻏ زﺎﺳ ي ﺖﺳا . نﺎﮔﺪـﻨﻨﮐ فﺮﺼـﻣ هزوﺮـﻣا
ﺑ ﺑ زا و ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻆﻓﺎﺣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﯽﺗﻼﮑﺷ لﺎﺒﻧﺪﻬ ﯿ
رﺎـﻤ ي ﺎـﻫ
ﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﯿﺮ ي ﺪﻨﮐ ] 1 .[
ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﺘﻣا زا ﯿ ناﻮـﻨﻋ ﻪـﺑ تﻼﮑـﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا تازﺎ
ﻨﻏ ﯽ زﺎﺳ ي روآﺮﻓ ي ا ﯾ ﮐﺮﺗ ﻦ ـﯿ ﺎـﻣد رد ﺐ ي
ﺎـﭘ ﯾﯿ شزرا ﻆـﻔﺣ و ﻦ
اﺬﻏ ﯾ ﯽ ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻮﺑ تﺎﺒ ﯾ ﻠﭘ هﮋ ﯽ ﻞﻨﻓ ﺎـﻫ ـﻣ ﯽ ـﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻪـﺘﺒﻟا ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ ﯿ
ﺖـﺑﺎﺛ ﻦ
ﺸﺨﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﯽ
ا زا ـﯾ ﮐﺮﺗ ﻦ ﯿ ـﻃ تﺎـﺒ ﯽ آﺮﻓ ﯾ ﺪـﻨ ﻻﺎـﮑﻟآ ﯾ ـﺑ زا ﺰ ﯿ ﻦ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻧور ] 2 .[
ﻓﺮﻃ زا ﯽ ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻠﻨﻓ تﺎﺒ ﯽ ﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﯾ ﯽ ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻧﺎﺑ ﯿ
ﺷ ﻦ ﯿ و ﺮ
ﻨﭘ بآ ﯿ ا ﻪﺑ و ﺪﻧراد ار تﻼﮑﺷ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺮ ﯾ
ﺗﺮﺗ ﻦ ـﯿ ﻓﺮﻇ زا ﺐ ـﯿ ﺖ
ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﻪﺘﺳﺎﮐ ﺐ .
ﮏـﯾ ناﻮـﻨﻋ ﻪـﺑ تﻼﮑـﺷ
لﺎـﻌﻓ داﻮـﻣ ﻢـﻬﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ،هﺰﻤﺷﻮﺧ و دﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ ياﺬﻏ ﺳا ﯽﮑﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﻧآ ﺮﺛا ﻪﮐ ﺖ
هﮋـﯾو ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا نﺎﺴـﻧا نﺪـﺑ رد ار يا
ﺎﻀﻋا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺮﺑ و هداد نﺎﺸﻧ ي
و ﺐـﻠﻗ هﮋـﯾو ﻪـﺑ نﺪـﺑ ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ
دراد ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ قوﺮﻋ ]
3 ، 5 و 5 .[
ﻮﺋﺎـﮐﺎﮐ ﯾ ـﮑ ﯽ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨـﺷ ﻊﺑﺎـﻨﻣ زا
ﯽـﺘﻧآ هﺪﺷ ناﺪﯿﺴـﮐا
زا ﻪـﮐ تﻼﮑـﺷ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻤﻨﯿﭽﺗﺎـﮐ و ﺖـﺳﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﺎﻫﺪﯿﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﯽﺘﻧآ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﯾﻮﻗ ءﺰﺟ و ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ناﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺖـﺳﺎﻫ
] 6 .[
ـﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ردﻮﭘ ﯿ
ﻻﺎـﺑ ﺖﺒﺴـﻧ ﺎـﺑ تﻼﮑـﺷ ﻦ ي
،ﻮﺋﺎـﮐﺎﮐ
وﺎﺣ ي ﻻﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﯾ
ﮐﺮﺗ زا ﯽ ﯿ ﻟﻮﻨﻓ تﺎﺒ ﯿ ﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﮏ ﯿ
ﻓﺮﻇ ﻦ ﯿ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖ ي
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﯽﺘﻧآ تﺎﺒ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻧاﺪ ]
7 .[
هﻮﻬﻗ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ زا ﯾ ﺷﻮﻧ ﻦ ﯿ ﻧﺪ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑ ﯿ ﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﻦ ﯽ ﻻﺎـﺑ فﺮﺼـﻣ ﺎـﺑ
لﺎﺳ زا نآ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﮐ هدﻮﺑ 800
ﻣ ﯿ دﻼ ي ﻣﻮﺑ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯿ
آ نﺎ ﺮﻓ ﯾ زﺎﻏآ ﺎﻘ
ﺪﺷ . ﮔ هﻮﻬﻗ ﯿ ﻫﺎ ﯽ ﺲﻨـﺟ زا Coffea
هداﻮﻧﺎـﺧ زا و Rubiaceac
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺣاﻮـﻧ رد هﻮﻬﻗ ﺖﺧرد ﯽ
ﺴـﻣﺮﮔ ﯿﺮ ي اﻮـﻫ رد و ي
و مﺮـﮔ
ﻣ ﺪﺷر بﻮﻃﺮﻣ ﯽ
ﺪﻨﮐ . ﺮﺘﻓوﺮﻌﻣ ﯾ ﺑﺮﻋ هﻮﻬﻗ عﻮﻧ ﻦ ﯿ
1ﺎﮑ ﺎﺘـﺳﻮﺑورو ﻪـﺑ 2
ﺗﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺐ 64 و 35 ﻟﻮﺗ زا ﺪﺻرد ﯿ
ﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺪ ﯽ ﺘﺧا رد ار ﯿ ـﺧ رﺎ ﺪـﻧراد دﻮ .
اﯾ ـﺑ ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ لﻮﺼـﺤﻣ ﻦ ﯿ
زا ﺶ 60 ﻟﻮﺗ نﺎـﻬﺟ رﻮﺸـﮐ ـﯿ
ردﺎـﺻ و ﺪ
ــﻣ ﯽ ناﻮــﻨﻋ ﻪــﺑ و دﻮــﺷ ﯾ
ــﮑ ﯽ ﺮــﺗﺮﺑ زا ﯾ ﺪــﻘﻧ تﻻﻮﺼــﺤﻣ ﻦ ي
رد
ﺎﻫرﻮﺸﮐ ي رد ﺪـﻨﺑ ﻪﺒﺗر ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ لﺎﺣ ي
ﺖـﺳا هﺪـﺷ .
وﺎـﺣ هﻮـﻬﻗ ي
ﻫﻮﺑﺮﮐ ﯿ ﻟ ،ﺎﻬﺗارﺪ ﯿﭙ ـﯿ و ،ﺎﻫﺪ ﯾ ﻣﺎـﺘ ﯿ ﻦ ﮐﺮﺗ ،ﺎـﻫ ﯿ ﻧ تﺎـﺒ ﯿ ﺌﻓﺎـﮐ ،نژوﺮـﺘ ﯿ
،ﻦ
لﻮﺘﺴــﻓﺎﮐ لﻮﻫﺎــﮐ ،3
،4
ــﺳا ﯿ ﻧژوﺮﻠﮐ ﺪ ــﯿ ا ،ﮏ ﯾ ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓوﺰ ــﯿ ر و ﺎﻫﺪ ــﯾ ﺰ
1. Coffea arabica 2. Coffea robusta 3. Cafestol
ﺬﻐﻣ ي ﺎﻫ ) ﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﯿ ﻨﻣ ،ﻢ ﯿﺰ ﯾ ﻧ ،ﻢ ﯿ ﺳﺎ ﯿ و و ﻦ ﯾ ﻣﺎﺘ ﯿ ﻦ (E ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ﺎـﺑ
ﻟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﯿ ﻻﺎﺑ فﺮﺼﻣ و هﻮﺒﻧا ﺪ ي
صاﻮـﺧ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ،نﺎﻬﺟ رد هﻮﻬﻗ
ﻔﻣ ﯿ ا ﺪ ﯾ اﺮﺑ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻦ ي
ﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﯽ روﺮﺿ ي ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻃ ﯽ ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ تﺎـﻘ
ﻢﻈﻨﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ 3
ﺎﺗ 5 هﻮﻬﻗ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ )
لدﺎـﻌﺘﻣ ( د رور ر
ﮐرﺎﭘ ،ﻢﺳآ ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺑا ﺮﻄﺧ ﯿ
د ،نﻮﺴﻨ ﯾ ﺑ ،ﻞﻘﻋ لاوز ،ود عﻮﻧ ﺖﺑﺎ ﯿ
رﺎـﻤ ي
ﺎﻫ ي ﺒﻠﻗ ﯽ - ﻗوﺮﻋ ﯽ ﻗﺎﭼ ، ﯽ ﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ، ﯽ اﺰﻟآ ،دردﺮﺳ ، ﯾ
،ﺮﻤ ﯾ ﮓﻨﺳ ،نﺎﻗﺮ
ﻠﮐ ﯿ ﺰﻐﻣ ﻪﺘﮑﺳ ،ﻪ ي
ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ار گرﺰﺑ هدور و تﺎﺘﺳوﺮﭘ ،ﺪﺒﮐ نﺎﻃﺮﺳ ،
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻫد ] 8 .[
ا رد ﯾ ﺑﺮﻋ هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ﺮﺛا ،ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ ﯿ
حﻮﻄﺳ رد ﺎﮑ )
،ﺮﻔﺻ 20
، 40 و
60 ﺪــﺻرد ( ﺎــﺟ ناﻮــﻨﻋ ﻪــﺑ ﯾ
ﺰﮕ ﯾ ﺴــﺣ صاﻮــﺧ ﺮــﺑ ﺮﮑــﺷ ﻦ ﯽ
و
ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﺳرﺮﺑ تﻼﮑﺷ ﯽ
دﺮﮔ ﯾ يﺎﻫاﺬـﻏ ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺪ
ﻪــﻨﯿﻣز رد هدﺮﺘﺴـﮔ تﺎـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ دﻮـﺒﻧ و نﺎﺴـﻧا نﺪـﺑ رد ﺪﻨﻣدﻮـﺳاﺮﻓ ﺘﻧآ صاﻮﺧ ﯽ
ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ تﻼﮑﺷ اﺮﺑﺎـﻨﺑ ،ﺎـﻣ رﻮﺸـﮐ رد صﻮﺼﺨﺑ ﯾ
ﻦ
ا زا فﺪﻫ ﯾ ﻟﻮﺗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ ﯿ
ﻮﻬﻗ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻣدﻮﺳاﺮﻓ تﻼﮑﺷ ﺪ ه
ﺑﺮﻋ ﯿ ﻪﺑ ﺎﮑ اﺰﻓا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﯾ ﻤﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺶ ﯽ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
2 - شور و داﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
2 - 1 - داﻮﻣ
ﻟوا داﻮﻣ ﯿ ﻮﺋﺎـﮐﺎﮐ هﺮﮐ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪ )
رﺎـﺠﺗ مﺎـﻧ ﺎـﺑ ي
ﺮﻓآ ﯾ ـﺷ زا ﺎـﻧﺎﻘ ﯿﺮ
ﯾ ﻦ
ﻞﺴﻋ ( ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ردﻮﭘ ، )
ـﻔﻟد ﺖﮐﺮـﺷ زا ﯽ
ﺰﻟﺎـﻣ ي ( ﻪـﻣﺎﺧ ردﻮـﭘ ، )
زا
ﺑ ﺖﮐﺮـﺷ ﯿ نزرﺎـﻨ ( ﺴـﻟ ، ﯿﺘﯿ ﻮـﺳ ﻦ ﯾ ﺎ ) E322 درﺎﮕــﺳﻻﺎﭘ ﺖﮐﺮـﺷ زا
نﺎﻤﻟآ ( ا ، ﯾ ﻟﻮﻨ ﯿ ﻦ ) ﻮـﺌﻨﺑ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ زا ي
نﺎـﻤﻟآ ( ﺑﺮﻋ هﻮـﻬﻗ ﻪـﻟﺎﻔﺗ ، ﯿ
ﺎـﮑ ي
ﺒﻤﻠﮐ ﯿ ﺎﻫ زا ﺎ ﯾ ﺮﭙ ﺖﮐرﺎﻣ ﺎﻫ ي وﺪﻬﺸـﻣ نﺎﺘـﺳﺮﻬﺷ ﺢﻄـﺳ رد دﻮـﺟﻮﻣ
ﻠﺤﻣ رازﺎﺑ زا ﺮﮑﺷ ﯽ
ﻬﺗ ﯿ دﺮﮔ ﻪ ﯾ ﺪ .
2 - 2 - زﺎﺳ هدﺎﻣآ ي
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
2 - 2 - 1 - ﻬﺗ ﯿ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪ ﺎﻫ ي تﻼﮑﺷ
ا رد ﯾ ﻬﺗ تﻼﮑﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦ ﯿ
دﺮﮔ ﻪ ﯾ ﺪ ) لوﺪـﺟ 1 .(
ياﺮـﺑ
ﻟﻮﺗ ــﯿ ﺗ ﺮــﻫ ﺪ ﯿ ﻟوا داﻮــﻣ رﺎــﻤ ــﯿ
ﻪ هﻮــﻬﻗ ﻪــﻟﺎﻔﺗ ،ﻮﺋﺎــﮐﺎﮐ ردﻮــﭘ ﻞﻣﺎــﺷ
ﺑﺮﻋ ﯿ ﺴﻟ ،ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ هﺮﮐ،ﺎﮑ ﯿﺘﯿ
ﻧاو و ﻦ ﯿﻠﯿ ﺎﺑ ﻦ ﯾ ﺪـﮑ ﯾ ﺪﻧﺪـﺷ طﻮـﻠﺨﻣ ﺮﮕ .
ﺳﻻﻮﻣﺮﻓ رد ﺎﻫﺪﺻرد ﯿ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ نﻮ تﻻﺎـﻘﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ تﻼﮑﺷ يﺎﻫ
ﭘﯿ ﺸ ﯿ ـﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﻦ ﯿ
ـﺳر ﺎـﻣ فﺪـﻫ ﻦ ﯿ
ﺮﺜﮐاﺪـﺣ ﻪـﺑ نﺪ
ﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﯿ ﺎﺟ ﺖ ﯾ ﺰﮕ ﯾﻨ ﯽ ﻟﻮﺗ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺎﺗ دﻮﺑ ﯿ
ﺑ يﺪﻨﻣدﻮﺳاﺮﻓ هﺪﺷ ﺪ ﯿ
يﺮﺘﺸ
ﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد ﺪﺷﺎ .
Table 1Formulation of chocolate samples (gram per 100 gram chocolate)
component Sugar Cocoa
powder
Arabica coffee pulp
Deodorized cocoa butter
Unrefined
cocoa butter lecithin Vanillin
Control sample 44.4 20.5 0 16.5 18 0.5 0.1
C1 (Arabica coffee
pulp 20%) 44.65 10.25 10 16.5 18 0.5 0.1
C2 (Arabica coffee
pulp 40%) 44.9 15.5 5.5 16.5 18 0.5 0.1
C3 (Arabica coffee
pulp 60%) 44.9 5.5 15.5 16.5 18 0.5 0.1
2 - 2 - 2 - ﻟﻮﺗ هﻮﺤﻧ ﯿ
تﻼﮑﺷ ﺪ
هدﺎﻣآ زا ﺪﻌﺑ زﺎﺳ
ي ﻟوا داﻮﻣ ، ﯿ اﺮﻤﻫ ﻪ ﺎـﺑ ه ـﯾ ،ﻮﺋﺎـﮐﺎﮐ هﺮـﮐ مﻮـﺳ ﮏ
ﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯿ ﻤﺧ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد رد ﺮﺴﮑ ﯿ
ﮔﺮ ﯿ ﺑﻮـﺨﺑ ﺮ ﯽ و ﺪـﺷ طﻮـﻠﺨﻣ ـﯾ
ﮏ
ﻤﺧ ﯿ ﺘﺳﻼﭘ ﺮ ﯿ هﺎﮕﺘـﺳد زا رﻮـﺒﻋ ﺎـﺑ ﺲﭙـﺳ ﺪـﻣآ ﺖـﺳد ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﮏ
هزاﺪﻧا ﺶﻫﺎﮐ )
ﮑﺘﻠﻏ ﺲﻟاو ﯽ
( ﻪﺑ ﯾ ﮐﺮﺗ ﮏ ﯿ ردﻮﭘ ﺐ ي ﺪـﺒﺗ ﻞﮑـﺷ ﯾ
ﻞ
دﺮﮔ ﯾ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ،ﺪ ي
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯾ
ﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﮏ ﯿ ﺎﻣزآ ﻞ ـﯾ ﻫﺎﮕﺸ ﯽ ﻗﺎـﺑ ، ﯽ
و ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ هﺮﮐ هﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﻟ ﯿ
ﺘﺴ ﯿ ا ﻪﺑ ﻦ ﯾ ﮐﺮﺗ ﻦ ﯿ ردﻮﭘ ﺐ ي تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ و ﻪﻓﺎﺿا
3 آﺮﻓ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﯾ
ﭽﻧﺎﮐ ﺪﻨ ﯿ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ ﮓﻨ .
رﻮـﺒﻋ زا ﺲـﭘ تﻼﮑﺷ
ﻻﺎﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﮏﻨﺧ ﻞﻧﻮﺗ رد ﺮﭙﻤﺗ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد زا ي
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﺮﻔﺻ ﯽ
داﺮﮔ
ﺐﻟﺎﻗ و ﮔ ﯿﺮ ي ﺎﻣد رد ، ي 15 راﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﻪﺟرد ي
دﺮﮔ ﯾ ﺪ ] 7 .[
2 - 2 - 3 - ﺑﺮﻋ هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ هزﺎﺳ هدﺎﻣآ ﯿ
ﺎﮑ
ﺑﺮﻋ هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ﯿ
رد ﺎﮑ ﯾ ﮏﺸﺧ ﮏ ـﮑﻄﻠﻏ ﻦﮐ
ﯽ ﺎـﻣد رد راود ي
110
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ تﺪـﻣ ﻪـﺑ داﺮﮔ 3
ﺖﻋﺎـﺳ ) اﺮـﺑ ي و ﺖـﺑﻮﻃر ﺶﻫﺎـﮐ
ﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯿ ﻧﺎﮔراوﺮﮑ ـﯿ ﻟﺎـﻤﺘﺣا ﻢﺴ ﯽ
( دﺮﮔ ﮏﺸـﺧ ـﯾ
ﺞﻨـﭘ ﺲﭙـﺳ و ﺪ
ﺑﺮﻋ ﻎﻤﺻ ﺪﺻرد ﯽ
ﮔﺪﻨﺒﺴـﭼ زا ﺎـﺗ ﺪـﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ﻪﺑ مارآ مارآ ﯽ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﻔﻗ و ﺐ ﯿ
ﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﻞ ﯿﺮ ي ﺪﻨﮐ .
2 - 2 - 4 - هرﺎﺼﻋ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
ﻪﺑ ار تﻼﮑﺷ اﺪﺘﺑا ﺑﻮﺧ
ﯽ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ رد ود ﺲﭙـﺳ و هدﺮـﮐ درﻮﺧ ﻦﮐ
زﻮﺗ ار ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ زا مﺮﮔ ﯾ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻪﺳ و هدﺮﮐ ﻦ 10
ﺳ ﯽ ﺳ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ناﺰﮕﻫ
ﺑﺮﭼ فﺬﺣ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﯽ
ﺪـﺷ هداد ﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷ .
زا ﺲـﭘ 24 ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻋﺎـﺳ
ﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ .
اﺮﺑ ي ﻬﺗ ﯿ لﻼﺣ ﻪ 70 ﺳ ﯽ ﺳ ﯽ ،نﻮﺘﺳا 9/
2 ﺳ ﯽ ﺳ ﯽ بآ
و ﺮﻄﻘﻣ 2/
0 ﺳ ﯽ ﺳ ﯽ ﺘﺳا زا ﯿ ﺳا ﮏ ﯿ ﺑﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ار ﺪ ﯽ
و هدﺮﮐ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ 5
ﺳ ﯽ ﺳ ﯽ دﺮﮔ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ،قﻮﻓ لﻼﺣ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ زا ﯾ
تﺪـﻣ ﻪﺑ و ﺪ
30 ﻗد ﯿ تﺪـﻣ ﻪـﺑ دﺪﺠﻣ و ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺪﻧﻮﺳاﺮﺘﻟوا مﺎﻤﺣ رد ﻪﻘ 30
ﻗد ﯿ ،ﺪـﻨﺗ رود رد ﻪﻘ 2/
0 ـﺳ ﯽ ـﺳ ﯽ ﺘـﺳا زا ﯿ ـﺳا ﮏ ﯿ ﺑﻮـﺧ ﻪـﺑ ار ﺪ ﯽ
و طﻮﻠﺨﻣ 5
ﺳ ﯽ ﺳ ﯽ ﻪـﺑ و ﺪـﺷ هدوﺰـﻓا ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ لﻼﺣ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ زا
تﺪﻣ 30 ﻗد ﯿ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺪﻧﻮﺳاﺮﺘﻟوا مﺎﻤﺣ رد ﻪﻘ ﺎﻬﻧ رد و
ـﯾ ﻪـﺑ ﺖ تﺪﻣ
30 ﻗد ﯿ ﺖﻋﺮـﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻘ 3000rpm
ﺮﺘﻧﺎـﺳ ﯾ ﺪـﺷ ژﻮﻔ . لﻮـﻠﺤﻣ
ور ﯾ ﯽ ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا تﻼﮑﺷ هرﺎﺼﻋ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ندﺮﮐ فﺎﺻ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ار
] 7 .[
2 - 3 - نﻮﻣزآ ﺎﻫ ي ﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﯽ
2 - 3 - 1 - زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ ﯿ ﺘﻧآ ﻞ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ تﻼﮑﺷ
2 - 3 - 1 - 1 -ا هزاﺪﻧ ﮔ ﯿﺮ ي ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻟﻮﻨﻓ تﺎﺒ ﯿ ﻞﮐ ﮏ
اﺪﺘﺑا 500 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ زا ﺮﺘ نﻮﮑﻟﺎـﻓ نورد ار هرﺎﺼـﻋ 10
ﻣ ﯿ ـﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ ﺮـﺘ ي
رﯾ راﺪﻘﻣ ،ﻪﺘﺨ 2500
ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﻟﻮﻓ فﺮﻌﻣ ﺮﺘ ﯿ
ﺳ ﻦ ﯿ ﻗر رﺎﺑ هد ﻮﺘﻟﺎﮐﻮ ﯿ
ﻖ
ﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا نآ ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ .
زا ﺪﻌﺑ 3 ﻗد ﯿ ﻪﺑﻮﮑﻧا ﻪﻘ راﺬـﮔ ي ﺎـﻣد رد ي 25
راﺪﻘﻣ ،ﻪﺟرد 2
ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ ﺪـﺳ تﺎـﻨﺑﺮﮐ ﺮﺘ ﯾ
ﻢ 5/
7 ﺲﭙـﺳ و ﺪـﺻرد 5
ﻣﯿ ﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ دﺮﮔ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا نآ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺮﺘ ﯾ
ﺪ . ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ تﺪﻣ 60 ﻗد ﯿ ﻪﻘ
رﺎﺗ رد ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﻓﻮﺘﮑﭙﺳا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ نآ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ
جﻮﻣ لﻮﻃ رد 760
ﻤﺒﺴـﺣﺮﺒﻠﮑﻠﻨﻓراﺪﻘﻣﻮﺘﺋاﺮﻗﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﯿﻠ
ﯽ ـﺳا مﺮـﮔ ﯿ ﺪ
ﻟﺎﮔ ﯿ رد ﮏ 100 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺖﺑﺮﺷ مﺮﮔ ]
9 .[
2 - 3 - 1 - 2 - هزاﺪﻧا ﮔ ﯿﺮ ي ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ تﺎﺒ ﯿ
ﺪ ي
500 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﺎﺑ ار هرﺎﺼﻋ زا ﺮﺘ 150
ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿﺘ ﺪﺳ زا ﺮ ﯾ ﻧ ﻢ ﯿ تاﺮـﺘ 5
دوﺪﺣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﺪﺻرد 5
ﻗد ﯿ ،ﻪﻘ 300 ﻣ ﯿ ﻟوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﻣﻮﻟآ ﺮﺘ ﯿﻨ ـﯿ مﻮ
اﺮﻠﮐ ﯾ ﺪ 10 دوﺪﺣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ هرﺎﺑود و ﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺪﺻرد 5
ﻗد ﯿ ﻪـﻘ ـﯾ ﮏ
ﺳ ﯽ ﺳ ﯽ دﻮﺳ زا ﯾ ﻣ نآ ﻪﺑ رﻻﻮﻣ ﮏ ﯽ
اﺰﻓا ﯾﯿ ﻢ . لﻮـﻃ رد ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ بﺬﺟ
جﻮﻣ 510 ﻮﺘﺤﻣ و ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ي
ﭽﺗﺎﮐ ﯿ ـﮐا سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻦ ﯽ
ﭽﺗﺎـﮐ نﻻاو ﯿ
ﻦ
رد 100 مﺮﮔ ﺑ ﮏﺸﺧ هدﺎﻣ ﯿ
ﻣ نﺎ ﯽ دﻮﺷ ] 10 .[
2 - 3 - 1 - 3 - نﻮﻣزآ DPPH
ا رد ﯾ نﻮﻣزآ ﻦ 1/
0 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ ﺮﺘ ﺎﺑ ار هرﺎﺼﻋ 9/
2 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ زا ﺮﺘ DPPH
0,1 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﺎﻣد رد ﺲﭙﺳ و طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ،لﻮﻧﺎﺘﻣ رد رﻻﻮﻣ ي
نﺎـﮑﻣ و قﺎﺗا
رﺎﺗ ﯾ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﮏ 30
ﻗد ﯿ راﺬﮔ ﻪﺑﻮﮑﻧا ﻪﻘ ي
ﺪﺷ . نﺎﻣز ﺖﺷﺬﮔ زا ﺪﻌﺑ
راﺬﮔ ﻪﺑﻮﮑﻧا ي
ﻣ ، ﯿ د ﺎـﻫ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ بﺬـﺟ ناﺰ ﺪﻫﺎـﺷ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻞـﺑﺎﻘﻣ ر
) لﻮﻧﺎﺘﻣ ( جﻮـﻣ لﻮﻃ رد 515
ﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﻓوﺮﺘﮑﭙـﺳا هﺎﮕﺘـﺳد ﺎـﺑ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎـﻧ
هزاﺪﻧا ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﺪﺷ . ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ـﺘﻧآ ﺖ ﯽ ﺴـﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﺪـﺻرد ﺐﺴـﺣ ﺮـﺑ ﻞـﮐ
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﯽ ﺮﻃ زا ﯾ ز لﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﻖ ﯾ
دﺮﮔ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺮ ﯾ
ﺪ ] 10 .[
= ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﯽ
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ بﺬﺟ ﺪﺻرد -
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ بﺬﺟ ﺪﺻرد
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ بﺬﺟ ﺪﺻرد
2 - 3 - 2 - ﺠﻨﺳ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﯽ
2 - 3 - 2 - 1 - ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺖﺴﺗ
اﺮﺑ ي ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد زا ﺎﻫ
لﺪـﻣ ﺞﻨـﺳ TPA
(texture prophayle analyzer) ﺮﻣآ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ
ﯾ رد دﻮـﺟﻮﻣ ﺎﮑ
روﺎﻨﻓ و مﻮﻠﻋ هﺪﮑﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ي
اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ ﺸﻧاد دﺎﻬﺟ ﻫﺎﮕ
ﯽ نﺎـﺳاﺮﺧ
ﻮﺿر ﯾ ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳﺎ .
اﺮﺑ ي ﺘﺨﺳ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﯽ
تﻼﮑﺷ ،ﺪﻣﺎﺟ ﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫ
ﯿ يﺪ
ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد دﺎﻌﺑا ﻪﺑ شﻮﮔرﺎﻬﭼ يﺎﻫ 8
× 20
× 8 ﻣ رد ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻬﺗ ﺮﺘﻣ ﯿ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ﻪ
رﻮﺗﺎﺑﻮﮑﻧا ﻞﺧادرد ﺖﻓﺎﺑ نﻮﻣزآ مﺎﺠﻧا زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﯾ
يﺎـﻣد رد راﺪـﻟﺎﭽﺨ
20 ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﯽ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ داﺮﮔ 6
ﺪﺷ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ .
ا رد ﯾ زا نﻮـﻣزآ ﻦ
هرﺎﻤﺷ بوﺮﭘ 2
ﺎﺑ ، ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ 5/
1 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻧﺎﺛ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ ﯿ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﻖﻤﻋ و ﻪ
6 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻞﺳدﻮﻟ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ 50
ﻧ ﯿ ﻨﺗﻮ ﯽ ﻧ ﺮﺜﮐاﺪـﺣ و ﺪـﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ـﯿ
وﺮ ي
هزاﺪﻧا ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﺘﻔﺳ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ ﯽ
دﺮﮔ شراﺰﮔ ﯾ
ﺪ ] 11 .[
2 - 3 - 3 - ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ و ﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﺴﺣ ﯽ
زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯿ ﺴﺣ تﺎ ﯽ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻧوﺪﻫ نﻮﻣزآ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯿ
ﮏ 9 ﻪـﻄﻘﻧ ا ي
ﻫد بوذ ،ﮓﻧر تﺪﺷ ﺮﻈﻧ زا ﻧﺎ
ﯽ دﺮـﺳ سﺎﺴـﺣا و ﻢﻌﻃ و ﺮﻄﻋ ، ي
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ 12 زرا ﯾ بﺎ ﻨﺳ هوﺮﮔ رد ﯽ
25 - 40 لﺎﺳ ) نز و دﺮﻣ ( درﻮـﻣ
ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﯽ
ﯾ ﻪـﺳ ﺪـﮐ ﮏ
ﻤﻗر ﯽ ﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ترﻮﺼﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ و ﺪﺷ هداد ﯽ
ﺘﺧا رد ﯿ زرا رﺎ ﯾ ﺎـﻫ بﺎ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ .(
2 - 4 - ﺰﺠﺗ ﯾ ﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪ ﯿ يرﺎﻣآ ﻞ
هداد رﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ﺎﻫ ﯾ
ﻞ ﯾﺎ ﺎﭙﺣﺮﻃ ﯾ ﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﻪ ﯽ
ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ هﻮﻬﻗ
ﺑﺮﻋ ﯿ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻪﺳ رد ﺎﮑ )
ﻃ ﯽ آﺮﻓ ﯾ ﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨ ﯿ تﻼﮑﺷ ﺪ (
دﺮﮔ هدوﺰﻓا ﯾ
ﻪﮐ ﺪ
رﺎﻣآ راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ي
نژروSPSS 17 ، ﺰﺠﺗ درﻮﻣ ﯾ
و ﻪ
ﻠﺤﺗ ﯿ اﺮﺑ و ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻞ ي
ﺎﻘﻣ ﯾ ﻣ ﻪﺴ ﯿ ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ ﺪﻨﭼ نﻮﻣزآ زا ﺎﻫ
ﻪﻨﻣاد ا ي راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ زا ﺎﻫرادﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺳر ﺖﻬﺟ و ﻦﮑﻧاد ا ﻞﺴﮐا
دﺎﻔﺘﺳ ه ﺪﺷ
. اﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺮﮐذ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ي
ﺗ ﺮﻫ ﯿ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد راﺮﮑﺗ ﻪﺳ رﺎﻤ
ﺪﺷ .
3 - ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺚﺤﺑ و ﺞ
3 - 1 - زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﺴـﻧﺎﺘﭘ ﺮـﺑ هﻮـﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ﺮﺛا ﯿ
ـﺘﻧآ ﻞ ﯽ
ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ تﻼﮑﺷ
3 - 1 - 1 - هزاﺪﻧا ﮔ ﯿﺮ ي ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻠﭘ تﺎﺒ ﯽ ﻟﻮﻨﻓ ﯿ ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ و ﮏ ﯿ
ﺎﻫﺪ
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﻟﺎﻧآ ﺞ ﯿ راو ﺰ ﯾ ﺑ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺲﻧﺎ ﯿ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻦ وﺎـﺣ تﻼﮑـﺷ يﺎﻫ ي
،هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ﻠﭘ ﺮﻈﻧ زا
ﯽ ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ و ﻞـﮐ ﻞـﻨﻓ ـﯿ
رادﺎـﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘـﺧا ﺪ ي
دراد دﻮﺟو .
اﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺪﺷ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻪﮐ رﻮﻃ نﺎﻤﻫ ﯾ
ﻣ ﺶ ﯿ هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ناﺰ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﺪﺻرد ﯿ ﻠﭘ تﺎﺒ ﯽ ﻠﻨﻓ ﯽ ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ و ﯿ ﺪ ي ﻧ ﯿ اﺰـﻓا ﺰ ﯾ ﻢﺸـﭼ ﺶ ﮔ
ـﯿ ﺮ ي
ﭘﯿ دﺮﮐ اﺪ . ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ هﻮﻬﻗ و تﻼﮑﺷ ﯾ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﮏ ﯿ ﻨﻏ ﺐ ﯽ ﻠﭘ زا ﯽ و ﻞﻨﻓ
ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ ﯿ ﻣ ﺪ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 14،13،12 .[
ﻮﺘﺤﻣ ي ﺎﺑ ﻻ ي ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻠﭘ تﺎﺒ ﯽ ﻟﻮﻨﻓ ﯿ ﮏ
ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ و ﯿ ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ رد هﻮﻬﻗ و تﻼﮑﺷ رد ﺎﻫﺪ ﺎـﻫ
ي دﺪـﻌﺘﻣ ي ﻪـﺑ
ﺳر تﺎﺒﺛا ﯿ ﺖﺳا هﺪ . ووردﻮـﺗ ﯾ نارﺎـﮑﻤﻫ و ﭻ )
2015 ( دﺎـﻘﻣ ﯾ ـﻠﭘ ﺮ ﯽ
ﻞﻨﻓ ﺷ تﻼﮑﺷ عاﻮﻧا رد ،ار ﺎﻫ ﯿﺮ
ي ﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ ي ﺑﺮﭼ ﯽ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ردﻮﭘ و
ﺑ ،توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﯿ ﻦ 203 ﺎﺗ 270 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﺪـﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰـﮔ مﺮﮔ ﺪﺻ رد مﺮﮔ
ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﯿﺎﻨ ﯾ ﻘﺤﻣ ﻦ ﻘﯿ ﻨﻏ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻦ ﯽ
زﺎﺳ ي ﺗ تﻼﮑﺷ ﯿ حﻮﻄﺳ ﺎﺑ هﺮ
4 و 1/
5 ،ﮏﺸﻤﺗ زا ﺪﺻرد اﺰﻓا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ
ﯾ ﮐﺮﺗ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺶ ﯿ
ﻠﻨﻓ تﺎﺒ ﯽ و
ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ ﯿ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺪ ]
7 .[
ﺎﺳ ﯾ دﺎﻘﻣ ناﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﺮ ﯾ
ـﻠﭘ ﺮ ﯽ ﻞـﮐ ﻞـﻨﻓ
تﻼﮑﺷ ﺎﻫ ي راو ﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﯾ
ﻪﺘ ﺎﻫ ي ﻪﻧاد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺎﻫ
ي ﺎـﺑ ،ار ﻮﺋﺎـﮐﺎﮐ
ﻨﮑﺗ ﮏﻤﮐ ﯿ ﮏ ﻼﮑـﺷ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ و ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﺺﺨﺸﻣFTIR
،ت
وﺎﺣ ي دﺎﻘﻣ ﯾ ﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺮ ﯽ
ا زا ﯾ ﮐﺮﺗ ﻦ ﯿ ﻣ تﺎﺒ ﯽ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ] 15 .[
ﻃ ﯽ ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﯽ ﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﯿ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻦ ﯽ
ﺎﺟ ﺮﺛا ﯾ ﺰﮕ ﯾﻨ ﯽ ﻃﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﯽ زا صﺎﺧ
ﻓﯿ ﺳ و ﺎﻫﺮﺒ ﯿ پوﺮ ﺎﻫ ي ﮔ ﯿ ﻫﺎ ﯽ زرا و زورﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ، ﯾﺑﺎ
ﯽ ـﺘﻧآ صاﻮـﺧ ﯽ
ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﻃﻮﻠﺨﻣ رﻮﻀﺣ رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ و ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ تﻼﮑﺷ ﯽ
ر زا ﯾ ﺷ ﻪﺸ ﯿﺮ ﯾ ﺑ ﻦ ﯿ ﻗﺎﻗا ،نﺎ ﯿﺎ ي ﺳ ﯿ ،هﺎ ﻮﻫ ﯾ گﺮـﺑ ،هﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ ﺞ ﺎـﻫ
ي
ﻮﺘﺳا ﯾ ﻠﻔﻠﻓ ءﺎﻨﻌﻧ و ﺎ ﯽ
ﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﯿ ﺳ ﻦ ﯿ ـﺳ و ﺞﻧﺮـﺑ پوﺮ ﯿ
،اوﺎـﮔآ پوﺮ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻟﻮﻨﻓ تﺎﺒ ﯿ اﺰﻓا ،تﻼﮑﺷ ﮏ ﯾ
ﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺶ ﯽ
ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ ] 4 .[
Table 2 Effect of different levels of Arabica coffee pulp on total polyphenols, flavonoids and DPPH
±
: Standard deviation (a-d): Different uppercase letters with statistical differences in the studied level (p <0.05) related to the studied times.
C1: control C2: Chocolate contains 20% Arabica coffee C3: Chocolate contains 40% Arabica coffee C4: Chocolate contains 60% Arabica coffee
3 - 1 - 2 - ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ دار رﺎﻬﻣ ﯾ
دازآ لﺎﮑ
DPPHﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﻟﺎﻧآ ﺞ ﯿ راو ﺰ ﯾ ﺑ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺲﻧﺎ ﯿ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻦ ﺎـﺟ تﻼﮑﺸﯾﺎﻫ ﯾ
ﺰﮕ ﯾ ﻦ
دار رﺎﻬﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ زا ،ﺮﮑﺷ ﯾ
دازآ لﺎﮑ راد ﺎﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧاDPPH
ي دﻮﺟو
ﺷاد ﺖ . ﻪﮐ رﻮﻃ نﺎﻤﻫ لوﺪﺟ رد
) 1 (،
اﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺪﺷ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﯾ
ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ﺶ
ﻣ ،هﻮﻬﻗ ﯿ دار رﺎﻬﻣ ناﺰ ﯾ
دازآ لﺎﮑ اﺰﻓاDPPH
ﯾ ﺶ ﯾ ا و ﺖﻓﺎ ﯾ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻣا ﻦ
ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺖﻠﻋ ﯿ ﺘﻧآ ﺖ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﻻﺎﺑ ي ﺖﺳا هﻮﻬﻗ .
دار زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯾ
ﺎﭘ لﺎﮑ ﯾ راﺪ ﯾDPPH ﮑ ﯽ ﺎﻫ شور زا ي
ﻗد ،ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻣ ﯿ ،ﻖ
ﺬﭘراﺮﮑﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻓﺮﺻ ﻪﺑ نوﺮﻘﻣ و نﺎﺳآ ﯾﺮ
ي ﻣ ﻻﺎﺑ ﯽ ﺖـﻬﺟ ﻪـﮐ ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ
ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﺻﺎﺧ ﯿ ﺘﻧآ ﺖ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هرﺎﺼﻋ و ﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ
ي ﮔ ﯿ ﻫﺎ ﯽ رد
اﺮﺷ ﯾ ﺎﻣزآ ﻂ ﯾ ﻫﺎﮕﺸ ﯽ ـﻣ راﺮـﻗ هﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﯽ
ﮔ ـﯿ دﺮ ] 7 ، 9 و 10 .[
ﺎـﺑ
اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﻫ ﻪـﺟرد ﺎـﺑ و ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ ﺶ ﯿ
ﺴـﮐورﺪ ﯿ ﺳﻼ ﯿ ﮐﺮﺗ نﻮ ﯿ ـﻠﻨﻓ تﺎـﺒ ﯽ ،
ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ دار رﺎﻬﻣ ﺖ ﯾ
دازآ لﺎﮑ اﺰﻓاDPPH
ﯾ ﻣ ﺶ ﯽ ﯾ ناﻮـﻨﻋ ﻪـﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺑﺎ
ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ﺘﻧآ ﺖ ﯽ ﺴـﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﺗ ﺮﻌ ـﯾ ـﻣ ﻒ ﯽ ا مﺎـﺠﻧا دﻮـﺷ ـﯾ
ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻦ ـﯿ رد ﺖ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﻫ ي ﺴﺑ ﯿ ﻧ ﻢﮐ رﺎ ﯿ ﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﺰ ﯽ
ﮔﯿ دﺮ . ﺳﺎﺴـﺣ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯿ
ﺖ
ﻻﺎــﺑ ي دار ﯾ دازآ لﺎــﮑ DPPH
ﻢــﺗا نﺎﮔﺪــﻨﻨﮐ اﺪــﻫا رﻮﻀــﺣ رد
ﻫﯿ نژورﺪ ) ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺣا تﺎـﺒ ـﯿ ﻈﻧ هﺪـﻨﻨﮐ ﺎ ـﯿ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﺮ ﯿ ـﻠﻨﻓ تﺎـﺒ ﯽ هرﺎﺼـﻋ (
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺒﺗ ﺐﺒﺳ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯾ
ﻏ مﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﻞ ﯿ
دار ﺮ ﯾ ﻟﺎﮑ ﯽ ﻣ ﺶﻫﺎـﮐ و ـﯿ
ناﺰ
لﻮﻠﺤﻣ بﺬﺟ جﻮﻣ لﻮﻃ ردDPPH
517 ﻣ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﯽ ا زا دﻮﺷ ـﯾ ﻦ
ا رد ور ﯾ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ،نﻮﻣزآ ﻦ ﯿ
ﺘﻧآ ﺖ ﯽ ﺴـﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ هرﺎﺼـﻋ ﺐﺴـﺣ ﺮـﺑ ﺎـﻫ
ﻣ رد ﺶﻫﺎـﮐ ﺪﺻرد ـﯿ
لﻮـﻠﺤﻣ بﺬـﺟ ناﺰ ﺎـﻫ
ي رد ﻪـﺘﺒﻟا ،DPPH
هرﺎﺼﻋ رﻮﻀﺣ ﺎﻫ
ي ﻠﻨﻓ ﯽ ﺑ هرﺎﺼـﻋ ﺪـﻗﺎﻓ لﻮـﻠﺤﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ و ـﯿ
نﺎ
ﻣ ﯽ ددﺮﮔ . اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﮐﺮﺗ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶ ﯿ
ﻠﻨﻓ تﺎﺒ ﯽ ﻘﺘﺴـﻣ رﻮـﻃ ﻪﺑ ﯿ
ﺎـﻧاﻮﺗ ﻢ ﯾ ﯽ
هرﺎﺼـﻋ ﺎــﻫ ي دار رﺎــﻬﻣ رد ار ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﯾ
ﺎــﻫ لﺎـﮑ ي اﺰــﻓا ،دازآ ﯾ
ﺶ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻫد . ﺎﻫ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد ي
ﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﯿ ﻟﻮﻨﻓ تﺎﺒ ﯽ ﻟد ﻪـﺑ ، ـﯿ اﺰـﻓا ﻞ ﯾ ﺶ
هوﺮﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺎﻫ
ي ﻫ ﯿ ﺴﮐورﺪ ﯿ ﺤﻣ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻞ ﯿ
لﺎـﻤﺘﺣا و ﺶﻨﮐاو ﻂ
ﻫ ءاﺪﻫا ﯿ دار ﻪﺑ نژورﺪ ﯾ
ﮔﺪـﻨﻨﮐ رﺎـﻬﻣ ترﺪـﻗ ،دازآ لﺎـﮑ ﯽ
هرﺎﺼـﻋ
اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﻣ ﺶ ﯽ ﯾ ﺪﺑﺎ ] 16 .[
3 - 2 - ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ﺮﺛا ﺞﻨﺳ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ صاﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ ه
ﻞﮑﺷ رد ﻪﮐ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ )
1 ( ﺑ ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ ، ﯿ
ﺮﺘﺸ ﯾ ﺘﺨـﺳ ﻦ ﯽ
ﺗ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﯿ
هرﺎﻤﺷ رﺎﻤ 4
ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ ﯾ ﺎﺟ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦ ﯾ
ﺰﮕ ﯾﻨ ﯽ هﻮـﻬﻗ ﻪـﻟﺎﻔﺗ
ﻣ ﯽ ﻻد زا ﻪﮐﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯾ
ا ﻞ ﯾ ﻣ ،ﺮﻣا ﻦ ﯽ ﻓ ﺢﻄـﺳ ﻦﺘـﻓر ﻻﺎـﺑ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯿ
و ﺮـﺒ
ﻮﺑ ﯾ ﻠﮑﺳا و ﺖﮑﺑ دﺮﮐ هرﺎﺷا ﺖﺑﻮﻃر هﮋ ﯿ
نﺎﻤ ) 2000 ( ﺑﯿ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ نﺎ
ﺑﻮﻃر ﺖ ) ـﺘﺣ ﯽ دﺎـﻘﻣ رد ﯾ ﺴـﺑ ﺮ ﯿ ﺎـﭘ رﺎ ﯾﯿ ﻦ ( اﺰـﻓا ﺐﺒـﺳ ﯾ
ﺘﺨـﺳ ﺶ ﯽ
ﻣ تﻼﮑﺷ ﯽ دﻮﺷ ] 17 .[
ﻤﻫ رد ﯿ ﺑ نارﺎـﮑﻤﻫ و اوﻮـﮐآ طﺎـﺒﺗرا ﻦ ـﯿ
نﺎ
ـﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻞـﻣاﻮﻋ ﻪـﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﯽ
اﺮـﺷ ،رﺎﺘﺧﺎـﺳ ﻞـﺜﻣ ﯾ
ﻟﻮﺗ ﻂ ـﯿ ﻮـﺑ ﺪ ﯾ هﮋ
ﺮﭙﻤﺗ ﯾ ﻠﭘ و تﻼﮑﺷ ﮓﻨ ﯽ
ﻓرﻮﻣ ـﯿ ﺎـﻫرﻮﻠﺑ ﻢﺴ ي
ـﺑﺮﭼ ﯽ ﻧ ـﯿ ﺘﺨـﺳ ﺰ ﯽ
ﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ار تﻼﮑﺷ ﯿ
ﻣ راﺮﻗ ﺮ ﯽ ﺪﻨﻫد ] 18 .[
Fig 1 Effect of different levels of coffee pulp on chocolate hardness (penetration test)
±
: Standard deviation (a-d): Different uppercase letters with statistical differences in the studied level
(p <0.05) related to the studied times.
C1: control C2: Chocolate contains 20% Arabica coffee C3: Chocolate contains 40% Arabica coffee
C4: Chocolate contains 60% Arabica coffee وﺪﻬﻣ ﯾ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و نﺎ )
1392 ( ـﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ، ﯽ
ﺛﺎـﺗ ﯿ ﺎـﺟ ﺮ ﯾ ﺰﮕ ﯾﻨ ﯽ ردﻮـﭘ
ﺗ تﻼﮑﺷ رد هﻮﻬﻗ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ﯿ
ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ،هﺮ .ﺑ
ﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ﯾ ﻦ ﺘﺨﺳ ﯽ
وﺎـﺣ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ هﺪﺷ بوذ و ﺪﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ رد ي
75 ﺪـﺻرد
ﺮﺘﻤﮐ و دﻮﺑ هﻮﻬﻗ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ردﻮﭘ ﯾ
ﻣ ﻦ ﯿ ﺘﺨﺳ ناﺰ ﯽ ﻧ ﯿ ﺪﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ رد ﺰ
C4
C3
C2
C1
375.07 ±13.06a 354,58± 3,31b
320 ±8.66c 28.5±13.22d
Total polyphenol [Mg per gram of dry matter]
143.58 ±0.15a 142.04± 0,903b
137.28 ±0,39c 133.67±0,46d
Flavonoid [mg / g dry matter]
61.89 ±2.33a 50.89± 1,66b
47.89 ±1.89c 40.47±2.1d
DPPH [percent]
ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪـﺑ طﻮـﺑﺮﻣ هﺪـﺷ بوذ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ رد و ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ دﻮﺑ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ردﻮﭘ ﺪﻗﺎﻓ ]
19 .[
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﻘﺤﺗ شراﺰﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﺞ ﯿ
وﺪﻬﻣ ﻖ ﯾ نﺎ
) 1392 ( نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﻮﻠﻣد ﻂﺳﻮﺗ )
2009 ( ﺷ ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﯿﺮ
ﯾ هﺪـﻨﻨﮐ ﻦ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ تﻼﮑﺷ رد هﺪﻨﻫد ﻢﺠﺣ داﻮﻣ و ﺎﻫ ]
20 .[
3 - 3 - ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﺴﺣ صاﻮﺧ ﯽ
زرا ﺮﻔﻧ هد ﯾ شزﻮﻣآ زا ﺲﭘ بﺎ ﺎﻫ
ي ﺗﺎﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﯽ اﺮـﺑ ﻪـﻃﻮﺑﺮﻣ ي
مﺎـﺠﻧا
زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﺴﺣ ﯽ ﻧوﺪـﻫ شور زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﺎـﺑ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﯿ
ﮏ ) 9
ا ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ي ( ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ ي ﻟﻮﺗ تﻼﮑﺷ ﯿ
ﺮﻄﻋ ظﺎﺤﻟ ﻪﺑ ار هﺪﺷ ﺪ ،ﻢـﻌﻃ و
ﻧﺎﻫد بوذ ،ﮓﻧر تﺪﺷ ﯽ
زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ . و ﺮـﻄﻋ ﺮـﻈﻧ زا نارواد
ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺒﻤﻌﻃ ﯾ ﺘﻣا ﻦ ﯿ ﺗ ﻪﺑ ار زﺎ ﯿ ﺢﻄﺳ رﺎﻤ 2
ﻧﺎﻫد بوذ ﺮﻈﻧ زا ﺪﻧداد ﯽ
و
ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﮓﻧر تﺪﺷ ﯾ
ﺘﻣا ﻦ ﯿ ﺗ ﻪﺑ زﺎ ﯿ ﺖﺷاد ﻖﻠﻌﺗ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ رﺎﻤ .
ﮐﺮﺗ تاﺮﺛا نﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﯿ
ﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ تﺎﺒ ﯾ
ﺸ ﯽ ار هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﺮﺑ و ﺰﺒﺳ هﻮﻬﻗ
و ﺮﺑ ﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﺴﺣ ﯽ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ ي ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ تﻼﮑﺷ .
ﺪﺑ ﯾ ﻦ
ﮐﺮﺗ ود رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﯿ
هرﺎﺼﻋ ﺐ ا ي ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺎﺑ ﯿ ﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ ﺖ ﯾ
ﺸ ﯽ هﻮﻬﻗ زا ﻻﺎﺑ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﺰﺒﺳ و هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﺮﺑ .
هرﺎﺼﻋ دﺎﻘﻣ رد ﺎﻫ ﯾ
ﺮ
1/
0 ، 5/
0 و 1 ﺪﺷ هدوﺰﻓا تﻼﮑﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺻرد .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞ
وﺎﺣ تﻼﮑﺷ رد بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ ﻢﻌﻃ و ﺮﻄﻋ ي
رد ﺰﺒﺳ هﻮﻬﻗ هرﺎﺼﻋ
دﺎﻘﻣ ﯾ ﺮ 1 دﺮﮕﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﺻرد ﯾ
ﻟﺎﺣ رد ،ﺪ ﯽ تﻼﮑﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رد ﻪﮐ
ﺎﻫ ي ﻬﺗ ﯿ ﻼﻣ ﻢﻌﻃ و ﺮﻄﻋ ،هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﺮﺑ هﻮﻬﻗ هرﺎﺼﻋ زا هﺪﺷ ﻪ ﯾ
ﻢ ﻠﻧﺎﭘ ﺪﻨﺴﭘ درﻮﻣ ﺎﻣادﻮﺑ دﻮﻬﺸﻣ ﻼﻣﺎﮐ هﻮﻬﻗ
ﯿ ﺖﺴ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺎﻫ .
ﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ي
ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ي وﺎﺣ تﻼﮑﺷ ي
هرﺎﺼﻋ ﻤﮐ ،ﺎﻫ ﯽ و دﺮﺗ
ﻣ زا و دﻮﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﮑﺷ ﯿ
ﮔﺪﻨﺒﺴﭼ ناﺰ ﯽ
و و ﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﻨﻏور ﯽ ﻼﮑﺷ ﺎﻫ ت
ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺳﺎﮐ . اﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﯾ و ،ﻦ ﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯿ ﺎﻬ ي ﺴﺣ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ي وﺎﺣ تﻼﮑﺷ ي
1 تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ هﻮﻬﻗ هرﺎﺼﻋ ﺪﺻرد 12
راﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ي
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ
ﺬﭘ درﻮﻣ ﯾ ﻻﺎﺑ شﺮ ﯾ ﯽ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ]
21 .[
ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﯽ
ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ي
ﻠﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ تﻼﮑﺷ ﯽ
ﺎﻫ ﻞﻨﻓ ي ﮔ ﯿ هﺎ . Rubus idaeus L ﻨﻏ
ﯽ
زﺎﺳ ي و و هﺪﺷ ﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﺴﺣ ﯽ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ
. ﺪﺑ ﯾ ﻦ
ﺎﻫ هرﺎﺼﻋ زا ،رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ي
ﻠﻐﺗ ﯿ ﮔ هﺪﺷ ﻆ ﯿ و ا ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ رد هﺎ 3
و ﺪﺻرد
ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ي دﺎﻤﺠﻧا شور ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ ي
ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ رد 1
ﺪﺻرد
ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ و ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺞ ﯾ
ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﺮﻫﺎﻇ ي و
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
ي دﺎﻤﺠﻧا شور ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ ي
رد لﺮﺘﻨﮐ و
ﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﺢﻄﺴﻣ تﻼﮑﺷ ﯽ
راد ي اﺪﻧ ﻟﺎﺣ رد ،ﺪﻨﺘﺷ ﯽ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﮐ
ﺎﻫ ي وﺎﺣ تﻼﮑﺷ ي
1 و 3 ﮔ هﺪﺷ ﻆﯿﻠﻐﺗ هرﺎﺼﻋ زا ﺪﺻرد ﯿ
،هﺎ
وﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﻗاﺮﺑ ﯿ ﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ار بوذ و ﻦﺘﺴﮑﺷ ،ﺢﻄﺳ ،ﺖ ﯿ
راﺮﻗ ﺮ
داد . ار و ﻮﺑ ﯾ ﺎﻫ تﻼﮑﺷ ﻪﺤ ي
ﻨﻏ ﯽ ﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ هﺪﺷ ﯿ
راﺮﻗ هرﺎﺼﻋ ﺮ
ﺖﻓﺮﮕﻧ . ﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ي تﻼﮑﺷ ) ﺷ ﯿﺮ ي ﻧ ، ﯿ ﺷ ﻪﻤ ﯿﺮ ﯾ ﺗ و ﻦ ﯿ هﺮ (
وﺎﺣ ي ﺑ هﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ هرﺎﺼﻋ دﺎﻤﺠﻧا شور ﻪ
ي ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ زا
ﻧﺎﻫد سﺎﺴﺣا ﯽ
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ]
22 .[
Table 3 The effect of different levels of Arabica coffee pulp on sensory properties
:±Standard deviation (a-d): Different uppercase letters with statistical differences in the studied level (p <0.05) related to the studied times.
C1: control C2: Chocolate contains 20% Arabica coffee C3: Chocolate contains 40% Arabica coffee C4: Chocolate contains 60% Arabica coffee
4 - ﺘﻧﯿ ﮔ ﻪﺠ ﯿﺮ ي
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺳرﺮﺑ نﻮﻣزآ ﺞ ﯽ
ﺘﻧآ صاﻮﺧ ﯽ
ﺴـﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ـﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﯿ صاﻮـﺧ ﻦ
ﺴﺣ ﯽ ﮐﺎﺣ تﻼﮑﺷ ﺮﺑ هﻮﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ﺮﺛا ﯽ
ﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﺛا زا ﯽ ا ﺖﺒﺜﻣ و راد ﯾ
ﻦ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻠﭘ ظﺎﺤﻟ زا تﻼﮑﺷ ﺮﺑ ﺐ ﯽ
ﻨﻓ ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ ،ﻞـﮐ ﻞ ـﯿ
ـﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﺪ ﯿ
ﻦ
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﯽ
ﻪﺑ ،درادDPPH رﻮﻃ ي ـﺑ رد ﻪﮐ ﯿ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻦ يﺎـﻫ وﺎــﺣ تﻼﮑــﺷ
ي ﺎــﺟ ﯾ ﺰﮕ ﯾ دار رﺎــﻬﻣ ﺮــﻈﻧ زا ،ﺮﮑــﺷ ﻦ ﯾ
دازآ لﺎــﮑ
راد ﺎﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧاDPPH ي
اﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و ﺖﺷاد دﻮﺟو ﯾ
،هﻮـﻬﻗ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ ﺶ
ﻣ ــﯿ دار رﺎــﻬﻣ ناﺰ ﯾ
دازآ لﺎــﮑ
،DPPH ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ــﻠﭘ تﺎــﺒ ﯽ
ــﻠﻨﻓ ﯽ و
ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ ﯿ ﺪ ي ﻧ ﯿ اﺰﻓا ﺰ ﯾ ﻢﺸﭼ ﺶ ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﭘ ﯿ و دﺮﮐ اﺪ اﯾ ﻣ ار ﺮﻣا ﻦ ﯽ ناﻮـﺗ
ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯿ
ﺘﻧآ ﺖ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﻻﺎـﺑ ي ﻧ هﻮـﻬﻗ ﯿ داد ﺖـﺒ . ﺑ ـﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ﯾ ﻦ
C4
C3
C2
C1
5/94 ±0/7 e 7/8 ±1/004 c
8/91 ±1/02 b 9/97 ± 0/02 a
Oral melting
3/63 ±0/37 d 5/71 ±1/6 c 8/18 ±1/005 b 8/23 ± 0/005 a congelation 7/11 ±0/79 d 7/58 ±1/03 c 8/04 ±0/07 b 9/13 ± 0/06a Taste and Flavor 6/08 ±0/04 d 7/03 ±0/9 c 7/94 ±0/02 b 9/81 ± 0/01a Color intensity 6/08 ±0/04 d 8/18 ±1/23 b 9/13 ± 0/06 a 7/23 ± 0/005c General acceptance
ﺘﺨﺳ ﯽ ﺗ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﯿ
هرﺎﻤﺷ رﺎﻤ 4
ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ ﯾ ﺎﺟ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦ ﯾ
ﺰﮕ ﯾﻨ ﯽ ﻪـﻟﺎﻔﺗ
ﻣ هﻮﻬﻗ ﯽ ﻻد زا ﻪﮐﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯾ
ا ﻞ ﯾ ﻣ ،ﺮﻣا ﻦ ﯽ ﻓ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﺘﻓر ﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯿ
ﺮـﺒ
ﻮﺑ و ﯾ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ و دﺮﮐ هرﺎﺷا ﺖﺑﻮﻃر هﮋ 2
دﺰﻧ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﺑ ـﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ي ﻪـﺑ ظﺎـﺤﻟ
ﺘﺨﺳ ﯽ ﺖﺷاد ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ .
5 - ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
[1] Eyre, C., 2008. Functional chocolate creeps up on main steam.
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Investigation of Arabica coffee pulp in the formulation of beneficial chocolate
Javidi Pejman, I. 1, Karazhyan, R. 2*, Gord-Noshahri, N. 2
1. Department of Food Science and Technology, ACECR Kashmar Higher Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Microbial Biotechnology, Iranian Academic Center for Education
Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad, Iran
ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFO
Article History:
Received 2021/ 10/ 11 Accepted 2022/ 05/ 14
Keywords:
Antioxidant properties, Chocolate,
Arabica coffee, Functional.
Chocolate is one of the most widely consumed snacks in the diet. In recent years, with the introduction of healthy foods, researchers have sought to enhance products with alternative ingredients to enhance their health effects. The aim of this study was to replace Arabica coffee grounds powder with chocolate formulation and to investigate its properties. Arabica coffee grounds were added to the chocolate formulation at four levels of 0.20, 40 and 60% and its antioxidant, textural and sensory properties were evaluated. The results showed that with increasing the amount of coffee grounds, the level of polyphenols, flavonoids, as well as the percentage of free radical scavenging of DPPH, increased in the presence of coffee grounds. Also, the results of sensory analysis showed that coffee pulp did not have a significant negative effect on the textural properties of chocolate and from the point of view of feeling the oral texture of chocolate was desirable.
Despite the unfavorable effect of coffee grounds, the treatment had the lowest score of 60% in terms of general acceptance, but due to the favorable taste of Arabica coffee on chocolate, the treatment received the highest score of 20%. According to the test results, this product can be used as an increase in nutritional health and human health.
Therefore, the use of amounts less than 20% is recommended to improve the quality and antioxidant properties.
DOI: 10.22034/FSCT.19.126.217 DOR: 20.1001.1.20088787.1401.19.126.11.2
*Corresponding Author E-Mail:
Iranian Journal of Food Science and Technology
Homepage:www.fsct.modares.ir Scientific Research
