ﻓ ﺰﺘﻨﺳ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑ ﯿ زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐﻮ ﯾ
ﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﺖ ﯾ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻪ ﯿ ﺪﺳ تﺎﻨ ﯾ
ﻮﻘﺗ ﻢ ﯾ ﺖ ﻎﻤﺻ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺎﻫ
ي ﺳرﺎﻓ و نﻻژ ﯽ
زرا و ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ
وﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﻓ ﯿﺰ ﯾ ﻧﺎﮑﻣﻮﮑ ﯿ ﮑ ﯽ ژﻮﻟﻮﻓرﻮﻣ و ي
نآ
هداز ﻦﺴﺤﻣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ
1
ﻠﻋ دﻮﻤﺤﻣ ،*
ﯿ ﻧﺎﺛ هداﺰ
2ﯽ ﮑﻟﺎﻣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،
3ﯽ ﺮﻣ ، ﯾ ﺰﻋ ﻢ ﯾﺰ ي دﺎﺑآ ﻞﻌﻟ
4ي ﯽﯾﻮﻟد نﺎﯿﺋﺎﺿر ﺎﯾور ، 5
1 - ﺸﻧاد ﯿ اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هوﺮﮔ رﺎ ﯾ
ﯽ ﺰﺑآ و ﯾ ﮑﺷﺰﭙﻣاد هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ،نﺎ ﯽ
ﺳودﺮﻓ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ﯽ
،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ اﯾ ناﺮ .
2 - ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ي ﺼﺼﺨﺗ يﺮﺘﮐد ﯽ
ا و ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻪﺘﺷر ، ﯾ
ﻨﻤ ﯽ اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ ا و ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هوﺮﮔ ، ﯾ
ﻨﻤ ﯽ اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﮑﺷاد ،
ﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﯽ ناﺮﻬﺗ
، ناﺮﯾا .
3 - ﺮﺘﮐد ي ﺼﺼﺨﺗ ﯽ اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﯾ
ﯽ ﮑﺷﺰﭙﻣاد هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ، ﯽ
ﺳودﺮﻓ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ﯽ
ا ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﯾ
ناﺮ .
4 - دﺎﺘﺳا ﯾ ﺎﻨﺻ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ ،رﺎ ﯾ
اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ﺬﻐﺗ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ، ﯾ
ﺎﻨﺻ مﻮﻠﻋ و ﻪ ﯾ
اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ﯽ
ا ،هﺎﺸﻧﺎﻣﺮﮐ ﯾ
ناﺮ .
5 - ناﺮﯾا ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ،ﯽﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﺪﺣاو ،تﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧ حﻼﺻا و ﺖﻋارز هوﺮﮔ ،رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا .
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﮑﭼ
ﯿ هﺪ
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺎﻫ ﺦ ي ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ :
رﺎﺗ ﯾ رد ﺦ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ : 27 / 07 / 99
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺬﭘ ﺦ ﯾ شﺮ : 07 / 10 / 99
ﻠﮐ تﺎﻤﻠﮐ ﯿ
ﺪ ي :
ﻓﯿ ز ﻢﻠ ﯾ ﺖﺴ ﺮﺨﺗ ﯾ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾ ،ﺮ
ﺋزﺎﮐ ﯿ ﺪﺳ تﺎﻨ ﯾ ،ﻢ
،نﻻژ ﻎﻤﺻ
ﺳرﺎﻓ ﻎﻤﺻ ﯽ
،
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯿ
ﮑ ﯽ
.
DOI: 10.52547/fsct.18.04.15
تﺎﺒﺗﺎﮑﻣ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ
:
ﺧا ﯿ ﺣاﺮﻃ ًاﺮ ﯽ ﻟﻮﺗ و ﯿ ﻓ ﺪ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ز ﯾ ﺖﺴ ﺮﺨﺗ ﯾ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺮ ﺪﻨﺑ
ي ﺎﻫ ي ﺰﺘﻨﺳ ي ﻟد ﻪﺑ ﯿ ﮔدﻮﻟآ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻞ ﯽ
ﺎﻫ ي
زﯾ ﺖﺴ ﺤﻣ ﯿ ﻄ ﯽ و ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﯾ هﮋ ا ي هداد صﺎﺼﺘﺧا دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ار ﺪﻧا
. ا زا فﺪﻫ ﯾ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦ ﯽ
ﺛﺄﺗ ﯿ ﻎﻤﺻﺮ ﺎﻫ ي ﺳرﺎﻓ ﯽ
) 1 (%
نﻻژ ﻎﻤﺻ و )
1 (%
ور ﺮﺑ ي ﻓ صاﻮﺧ ﯿﺰ
ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﺎﮑﻣ ، ﻧﯿ ﮑ ﯽ ژﻮﻟﻮﻓرﻮﻣ و ي
ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ ﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﺖ ﯾ ﻪ
ﺋزﺎﮐ ﯿ ﺪﺳ تﺎﻨ ﯾ ﻢ ) 10 (%
ﻪﺑ ﻮﻘﺗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﯾ
ﺖ ﻓ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﻣ ﺎﻫ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺨﺒﺗ شور ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯿ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺰﺘﻨﺳ لﻼﺣ ﺮ
ﺛﺄﺗ و ﯿ ﺮﻫ ﺮ ﯾ ﻎﻤﺻ زا ﮏ ور ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ
ي ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯿ ﻓ تﺎ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾﺘ ﯽ زرا درﻮﻣ ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞ
ﻎﻤﺻ ندوﺰﻓا ﻪﮐ ﻫ
ﻮﻘﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺎ ﯾ
ﺷ رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺖ ﯿ
ا ﻪﮑ ي ﻓ مﺎﺠﺴﻧا و ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾﺘ ﯽ ﺪﺷ . ﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﯿ ﻟد ﻦ ﯿ ﻓ ﻞ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي
زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾﺘ ﯽ ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯿ
ﮑ ﯽ ﺻﻮﺼﺧ و ﯿ
ﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﻌﻧﺎﻤﻣ تﺎ ﯽ
ﺑﻮﺧ ﯽ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ار رﻮﻧ و ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد .
ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯿ ﺤﻄﺳ تﺎ ﯽ ژﻮﻟﻮﻓرﻮﻣ و ي
ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺎﻫ ﯿ ﻎﻤﺻ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻦ رﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ
ي ﺑﻮﺧ ﯽ ﻓ ﺎﺑ ﯿ ﺗوﺮﭘ ﻢﻠ ﺌﯿﻨ ﯽ
ﺋزﺎﮐ ﯿ ﮑﺸﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ و ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﻦ ﯿ
ﻓ ﻞ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﯾ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻢﺠﺴﻨﻣ و ﺖﺧاﻮﻨﮑ .
ا ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﯾ
ﻓ ﻦ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾﺘ ﯽ زا
ﻓﺎﻔﺷ ﯿ ﺖ ) 40 / 16 - 55 / 15 ( ﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﯽ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ .
ﻪﺑ اﯾ ﻦ ﺗﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺘﻧ ﺐ ﯿ ﻪﺠ ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﻣ ﯽ ﻓ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﮐ دﻮﺷ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي
زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾﺘ ﯽ ﮐﺮﺗ و ﯿ ﻠﭘ ﺐ ﯽ رﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﯾ ﺎﻫﺪ ي ﺮﺗﺎﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﯾ
ﺲﮑ ﺎﻫ ي ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﺻﻮﺼﺧ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ ﯿ
تﺎ
ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ .
ﺎﻨﺻ و مﻮﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﯾ
اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ا ﯾ ناﺮ
www.fsct.modares.ac.ir:ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﺖﯾﺎﺳ
ﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ
ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ_ ﯽ
1 - ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ راﺪﻬﮕﻧ هرود رد ي
ﻓ دﺎﺴﻓ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد ﯿﺰ
ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﺷ ، ﯿﻤ ﯿﺎﯾ ﯽ
ﻣ و ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﺪﻧراد راﺮﻗ .
ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﺑ ي اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ و و ﺎﻫ
ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﮐارﻮﺧ ﯽ و ﻦﺘﺷاد ﺐﺒﺳ ﻪﺑ ﯾ
ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﺘﻌﻧﺎﻤﻣ ﯽ و
ﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﮐ ﻆﻔﺣ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ ﯿﻔ
ﯿ داﻮﻣ ﺖ اﺬﻏ
ﯾ ﯽ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ .
ازا ﯾ ﻦ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ هزوﺮﻣا ور ﺪﻨﺑ
ي ﻪﺑ هار ناﻮﻨﻋ رﺎﮐ ي روﺮﺿ ي اﺮﺑ ي ﻆﻔﺣ
ﮐﯿ ﻔﯿ داﻮﻣ ﺖ اﺬﻏ
ﯾ ﯽ راﺪﻬﮕﻧ لﻮﻃ رد ي
ﻞﻤﺣ و حﺮﻄﻣ ﻞﻘﻧو
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 1 , 2 [ . ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﮐارﻮﺧ ﯽ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ هدﺎﻣ ﺪﻨﺑ ي اﺬﻏ هدﺎﻣ زا ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﯾ
ﯽ
ﻮﺘﺤﻣ ي ﺴﮐا ،ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد اﺬﻏ ﻆﻓﺎﺤﻣ ﻮﻫدﻮﺑ نآ ﯿ
نﮋ داﻮﻣ و
؛ﺖﺳا اﺬﻏ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ رد
ﻟﺎﺣ ﯽ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻪﮐ ﮐارﻮﺧ
ﯽ ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ
ﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﯿ اﺬﻏ هدﺎﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺮﺑ ًﺎﻤ ﯾ
ﯽ ﻣ راﺮﻗ ﯽ ﮔﯿ ﺋﺰﺟ و ﺪﻧﺮ ﯽ
نآ زا
ﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﯽ
ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ] 2 [.
ز ﯾ ﺖﺴ ﺮﺨﺗ ﯾ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي ﮐارﻮﺧ ، ﯽ ﻮﺑ و ند
ا ندﻮﺑ ﺪﻣآرﺎﮐ ﯾ
ﻓ ﻦ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺟ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﯾ
ﺰﮕ ﯾﻨ ﯽ نآ ﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي
ﺰﺘﻨﺳ ي ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ]
3 [ . ا ياﺬﻏ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻞﯾﺎﻤﺗ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﯾ
،ﻦﻤ
ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ز يﺎﻫ ﯾ ﺖﺴ ﺮﺨﺗ ﯾ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾ ﺑ هزوﺮﻣا اﺬﻏ ﺖﻌﻨﺻ رد ﺮ ﯿ
ﺮﺘﺸ درﻮﻣ
ﻪﺟﻮﺗ راﺮﻗ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺪﻧا . ﺎﺑ ﻓ ﻦﯿﻨﭼ يﺎﯾاﺰﻣ تﺎﺒﺛا دﻮﺟو ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﻪﺑ ،ﯽﯾﺎﻫ
ﮔرﺎﮐ ﯿﺮ ي شور نآ ﺺﻗاﻮﻧ ﻊﻓر ﺖﻬﺟ ﯽﻠﯿﻤﮑﺗ يﺎﻫ يروﺮﺿ ﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳا . ﻓ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي عاﻮﻧا ،ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ
ﻣ ﺪﺿ داﻮﻣ زا ﯽﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﯿ
ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﯽﺘﻧآ و زا ناﺪﯿﺴﮐا يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ
،ﺎﻫ
ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ ﯽﻣ ﺰﯿﻧ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا و هرﺎﺼﻋ ،ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﯾا ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ
ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﺑ ي اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﺖﯿﻨﻣا ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا و ﺎﻫ ﯾ
ﯽ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ لﻮﻃ رد
ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ هدﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ]
2 , 4[
.
ﻓ و ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﮐارﻮﺧ ﯽ اﺰﻣ زا ﯾﺎ ي ﻧﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ ﯽ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ زا ﺎﻫ ي
ﺸﺨﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﯽ
دﺎﺼﺘﻗا ، ي ﺴﺣ و ﯽ ﺪﻧرادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ .
زا ا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﯾ اﺰﻣ ﻦ ﯾ ﺎ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺬﻐﺗ شزرا ندﻮﺑ اراد ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯾﻪ
ا ي اﺰﻓا ، ﯾ رﺎﮔﺪﻧﺎﻣ تﺪﻣ ﺶ ي
ﮔدﻮﻟآ مﺪﻋ ،لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﯽ
ﺤﻣ ﯿ ﻂ ز ﯾ ﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺖﺴ ﯿ ﻞ ز ﯾ ﺖﺴ ﺮﺨﺗ ﯾ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾ ﺮ
هﻮﻬﻗ زا ﺖﻌﻧﺎﻤﻣ ،ندﻮﺑ ا
ي ﺰﻧآ نﺪﺷ ﯾﻤ ﯽ ﻏ و ﯿ ﺰﻧآ ﺮ ﯾﻤ ﯽ اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ
ﺣ رد ﯿ رادرﺎﺒﻧا ﻦ ي اﺰﻓا و ﯾ و مﺎﮑﺤﺘﺳا ﺶ ﯾ
ﮕﭼرﺎﭙﮑ ﯽ هدﺎﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ
اﺬﻏ ﯾ ﯽ دﺮﮐ هرﺎﺷا ]
4 [.
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ ﻠﮐ ﯽ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ و ﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ
ي ﮐارﻮﺧ ﯽ
ﺑ داﻮﻣ زا ﯿ ژﻮﻟﻮ ﯾ ﻈﻧ ﮏ ﯿ ﻠﭘ ﺮ ﯽ رﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﯾ ﺪ ﺎﻫ ) ﮐ ،زﻮﻟﻮﻠﺳ ﯿ نازﻮﺘ ،ﻪﺘﺳﺎﺸﻧ ،
ﺮﺘﺴﮐد ﯾ ﻦ ( ﻟ ، ﯿﭙﯿ ﺪ ﺎﻫ ) ﺳا ﯿ ﺲﮐاو و بﺮﭼ ﺪ (
ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ و ﯿ ﻦ ) ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ
مﺪﻨﮔ
، بآ ﻨﭘﯿ ﺮ ﻮﺳ و ترذ ، ﯾﺎ
( ﻬﺗ ﯿ ﻣ ﻪ ﯽ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ] 3 , 5 [.ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﮐﺮﺗ زا ﯿ تﺎﺒ
ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﯿﻨ ﯽ دوﺪﺣ ﻪﮐ 80
% ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ تﺎﺒ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﺷ ﯿ ﮑﺸﺗ ار وﺎﮔ ﺮ ﯿ
ﻞ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﺪﻫد ﯿ ﻦ ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ 4 ز ﯾ ﺪﺣاو ﺮ αs1, αs2 ,β ,K ﺋزﺎﮐ
ﯿ ﺮﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺎﻨ 4
اراد ﺶﺨﺑ ي
ﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ صاﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ
اﺮﺑ دﺮﻓ ي
ﮑﺸﺗ ﯿ ﻓ ﻞ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ . ﺋزﺎﮐ ﯿ ﻦ ﺎﺑ ﻻﺎﺑ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﺘﺷاد دﻮﺟو ﯾ
ﯽ ﺳا ﯿ ﺪ
ﻣآ ﯿ ﻪﻨ ﻏ ﯿ ﺒﻄﻗ ﺮ ﯽ ) ًادوﺪﺣ 35 ﺎﺗ 40 (%
ﺖﺳا لﻮﻠﺤﻣ بآ رد .
ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﺋزﺎﮐ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﻟد ﻪﺑ ﯿ ﮐ ﻞ ﯿﻔ ﯿ ﺬﻐﺗ ﺖ ﯾﻪ ا ي ﺴﺣ صاﻮﺧ ،ﻻﺎﺑ ﯽ
ﺴﺑ ﯿ هدرواﺮﻓ زا ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ ،بﻮﺧ رﺎ ﺎﻫ
ي اﺬﻏ ﯾ ﯽ ﻓﺎﻔﺷ ، ﯿ ﺖﻌﻧﺎﻤﻣ ،ﺖ
ﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد ﻻﺎﺑ ﯿ
اﺮﺑ نﮋ ي ﺎﻨﺻ رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯾ
اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ درﻮﻣ
ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ . ﺪﺳ ﯾ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢ ﯿ ز ﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ تﺎﻨ ﯾ
دﺎ ي رد و هدﻮﺑ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ بآ
ﺧ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﺮﺳ ﯾ ﺑآ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ رد ﻊ ﯽ
ﻣ ﺶﺨﭘ ﯽ و ﻦﻏور رﻮﻀﺣ رد و دﻮﺷ
ﺑﺮﭼ ﯽ ﻣ ﻦﮕﻤﻫ ﯽ ددﺮﮔ . ﺋزﺎﮐ ﯿ ﺪﺳ تﺎﻨ ﯾ ﻢ ﻪﺑ ﺘﺣار ﯽ زا ﯾ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﮏ
ﺑآ ﯽ ﻓ ﯿ ﮑﺸﺗ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﻣ ﻞ ﯽ ﺋزﺎﮐ رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫد ﯿ
ﻟاﻮﺗ ،ﻦ ﯽ ﺳا ﯿ ﺎﻫﺪ ي ﻣآ ﯿ ،ﻪﻨ
ﻧﯿ ﺎﻫوﺮ ي ﻫ ﯿ ﺑﻮﻓورﺪ ﯽ ﺶﻨﮐاو ، ﺎﻫ ي ﺗﺎﺘﺳاوﺮﺘﮑﻟا ﯿ
ﭘ ،ﮏ ﯿ ﺎﻫﺪﻧﻮ ي
ﻫﯿ ﻧژورﺪ ﯿ ا رﺪ ﯾ ﺮﻣا ﻦ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ] 6 - 9 [.
ﻎﻤﺻ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا اﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ
ي ز ﻪﺟﻮﺗ درﻮﻣ هزوﺮﻣا ،ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ فاﺪﻫا ﯾ
دﺎ ي
ﺎﻨﺻ رد ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯾ ﯽ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ .
ودز ﯾ ﺳرﺎﻓ ﻎﻤﺻ ﺎ ﯽ
ﻐﻤﺻ ، ﯽ
شواﺮﺗ زا فﺎﻔﺷ ﺒﻃ ﺎﻫ
ﯿﻌ ﯽ مادﺎﺑ ﺖﺧرد ﻫﻮﮐ
ﯽ ﻤﻠﻋ مﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ ﯽ
Amygdalus scoparia spach ﻞﮔ هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ زا
ﺧﺮﺳ ﯿ نﺎ هدﻮﺑ
و ﺖﺳا ا رد ﯾ ناﺮ ﻪﺑ ﺸﺣو رﻮﻃ ﯽ زا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ رد وردﻮﺧ و
ﺒﻗﯿ ﺘﺨﺑ لﺎﺤﻣرﺎﻬﭼ ،سرﺎﻓ نﺎﺘﺳا ﻞ ﯿ
رﺎ ي ﻣ كارا ﻮﻧﺎﻣﺮﮐ ، ﯽ
ور ﯾ ﺪ .
ﮔ ﻪﺧﺎﺷ و ﻪﻨﺗ زا هﺪﺷ شواﺮﺗ ﻎﻤﺻ ﯿ
ﺳرﺎﻓ ﻎﻤﺻ ار هﺎ ﯽ
ﯾ ﺷ ﺎ ﯿ زاﺮ ي
ﻧﯿ ﻣ ﺰ ﯽ ﺪﻨﻣﺎﻧ . ﺼﻟﺎﺧﺎﻧ و ﮓﻧر ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ ﯽ
ﺎﻫ ﻪﺟرد ﺪﻨﺑ ي ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ .
ﻪﺟرد عﻮﻧ ﯾ
ﺳ ﮓﻧر ﻪﺑ ﮏ ﻔﯿ
ﻣﺮﮐ ﺎﺗ ﺪ ﯽ ﺟرﺎﺧ داﻮﻣ ﺪﻗﺎﻓ ﻪﮐ ﯽ
ودزو ي ﺳ ﯿ ﺗ درز ،درز ﮓﻧر ﻪﺑ ود ﻪﺟرد عﻮﻧ و ﺖﺳا هﺎ ﯿ
ﺰﻣﺮﻗ ﻮﻫﺮ
ودز ﻪﺑ فوﺮﻌﻣ ي
ﻟﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ا ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯾ ﻣ ﻎﻤﺻ ﻦ ﯽ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ 5 % داﻮﻣ
ﺟرﺎﺧ ﯽ و 5 % ودز ي ﺳ ﯿ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ هﺎ . ودز ﻎﻤﺻ ﯾ
ﻫ عﻮﻧ ﮏ ﯿ ﺋﻮﻠﮐ ورﺪ ﯿ ﺪ
ﻧآﯿ ﻧﻮ ﯽ ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﯿ
ﻓﺮﻇ و ﻢﮐ ﻦ ﯿ
اد و هدﻮﺑ ﻻﺎﺑ بآ بﺬﺟ ﺖ ار
ي
رﺎﮐﺎﺳﻮﻨﻣ ود ﯾ
ﻠﺻا ﺪ ﯽ ﺑارآ نآ رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ رد ﯿ
زﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔ و زﻮﻨ
) ﺑارآ ﯿ نﺎﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔﻮﻨ ( اراد و ي 10 % ﻧورا ﯿ ﺳا ﮏ ﯿ وﺪ 88.7 % ﻞﮐ ﺪﻨﻗ
ﺖﺳا . دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ صاﻮﺧ ي
ﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﻎﻤﺻ ﯽ
ﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ نزو ﻪﺑ ﯽ
رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ و
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ و دراد نآ 70
% و لﻮﻠﺤﻣﺎﻧ ﺶﺨﺑ 30
% ﻎﻤﺻ و هدﻮﺑ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ
ﺳرﺎﻓ ﯽ ﺑﺮﻋ ﻎﻤﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﯽ
ا ﯾ و دﺎﺠ ﯾ زﻮﮑﺴ ﯾ ﻪﺘ ﻣ ﻻﺎﺑ ﯽ و ﺪﻨﮐ
ﺴﻟﻮﻣا صاﻮﺧ ﯿ
ﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ نﻮ ﯽ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ي دراد . زا دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺎﻫ
ي ﻎﻤﺻ
ﺎﻨﺻ رد ودز ﯾ
ﺟﺎﺴﻧ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻊ ﯽ
، زﺎﺳﺬﻏﺎﮐ ي زﺎﺳ ﺐﺴﭼ ، ي
ﺎﻨﺻ ، ﯾ ﻊ
اﺬﻏ ﯾﯿ ﺘﻨﺳ ﺐﻃ رد ﻮ ﯽ
ﻧ ﯿ اﺮﺑ ﺰ ي ﺮﺤﺗ ﯾ ﮓﻨﺳ ندﺮﮐ دﺮﺧ ﺎﻬﺘﺷا ﮏ
ﮑﺴﺗ ،ﻪﻧﺎﺜﻣ ﯿ
ﻪﻓﺮﺳ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ،دردﺮﺳ ﻦ ﺎﻫ
ي ناﺪﻧد درد ﻊﻓر و ﻦﻣﺰﻣ
دراد دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ]
10 - 13 [.
ﻎﻤﺻ نﻻژ ﻟﻮﻠﺳ جرﺎﺧ
ﯽ د ﯾ ﺮﮕ ي ﺻﺎﺧ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯿ
ﺮﺗﻮﻔﻣآ ﺖ ي دراد
ﻠﭘ و ﯽ رﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﯾ ﻟﻮﺗ ﺪ ﯿ ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ وادﻮﻟا سﺎﻧﻮﻣودﻮﺳ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷﺪ ﯾ
مﻮ
elodeaSphingomonas بآ رد لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . اﯾ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻎﻤﺻ ﻦ 3
ﭘ ﻮﮐﻮﻠﮔ ﺎﺘﺑ ﺪﺣاو ﯿ
و زﻮﻧاﺮ 1 ﺪﺣاو
ﭘ ﻮﻨﻣار ﯿ ﮑﺸﺗ و ﺖﺳا زﻮﻧاﺮ ﯿ
رﺎﮐﺎﺳاﺮﺘﺗ ﻞ ﯾ
ﻣ ار نﻻژ ﺪ ﯽ
ﺪﻫد . اﯾ ﻦ
ﻟوا ﻎﻤﺻ ﯿ ﻪﺑ رﺎﺑ ﻦ ﮑﺸﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﯿ
ﺤﻣ رد لژ ﻞ ﯿ
ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂ
ﻣﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﺎﻧاﻮﺗ و ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯾ
ﯽ ﺎﺗ تراﺮﺣ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ 120
ﻪﺟرد
ﺴﻠﺳ ﯿ ﻣ اراد ار سﻮ ﯽ
؛ﺪﺷﺎﺑ رد ﺘﻧ ﯿ ﻔﻣ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻪﺠ ﯿ
اﺮﺑ ﻎﻤﺻ ندﻮﺑ ﺪ ي
ﻣﯿ ﻧﺎﮔراوﺮﮑ ﯿ ﻢﺴ ﺎﻫ ي ﻓﻮﻣﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻣ ﻞ ﯽ دﻮﺷ . ﺎﻫ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد نﻻژ ﻎﻤﺻ ي
ﺧ ﯿﻠ ﯽ اﺮﺑ ﻢﮐ ي ا ﯾ ﻧدرﻮﻣ بﻮﺧ و ﻢﮑﺤﻣ لژ دﺎﺠ ﯿ
ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺎﻣا ﺖﺳا زﺎ
ﮐ و ﯿﻔ ﯿ ﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﻎﻤﺻ ﺖ ﯽ
ﺗﺎﮐ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﺑ ﯿ
نﻮ ﺎﻫ ي ﻓﺮﻇ ود ﯿﺘ ﯽ دﻮﺟﻮﻣ
دراد . ﻪﺑ نﻻژ ﻎﻤﺻ ﻧدوﺰﻓا ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﯽ اﺬﻏ ﯾ ﯽ ﻠﻐﺗ ، ﯿ ﺴﻟﻮﻣا ،هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻆ ﯿ
ﺎﻔ ﯾ ﺮ
ﺎﭘ و ﯾ ﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هﺪﻨﻨﮐراﺪ ﯽ
اراد و دﻮﺷ ي
E number 418
ﺖﺳا .
ا نﻮﭼ ﯾ ﻧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ لﻮﻧﺎﺗا رد ﻎﻤﺻ ﻦ ﯿ
اراد و ﺖﺴ ي
ﻞﻣﺎﻋ
ﮑﺸﺗ ﯿ ﻞ ﺪﻨﻫد ة ﻪﺒﺘﺳا بآ رد لﻮﻠﺤﻣ لژ ﺎﺟ ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﯾ ﺰﮕ ﯾﻨ ﯽ اﺮﺑ ي
ﺴﺑ رد ﻪﺘﺳﺎﺸﻧ ﯿ
رﺎ ي ﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﻣآ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ زا ﯽ
ﺖﺑﻮﻃر و دﻮﺷ
ﻪﺑ ار ﺑﻮﺧ ﯽ ﻣ ﻆﻔﺣ ﯽ ﻪﭼﻮﻠﮐ رد ًﻼﺜﻣ ؛ﺪﻨﮐ ﺎﻫ
ﯾ ﯽ ﺮﭘ نﻻژ ﻎﻤﺻ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ
ﻣ ﯽ ﻣ بﻮﻃﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﻪﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽ
دﻮﺷ . راد رد زﺎﺳو ي ا ﯾ رد ﻎﻤﺻ ﻦ
صﺮﻗ ﺎﻫ ﯾ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﻧﺎﺳآ ﯽ ﻣ دازآ نﺪﺑ رد ﯽ
دراد دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ،ﺪﻧﻮﺷ .ا
ﯾ ﻦ
ﺑ رد ﻎﻤﺻ ﯿ
ژﻮﻟﻮﻨﮑﺗﻮ ي ﻪﺑ ﺎﺟ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﯾ ﺰﮕ ﯾ اﺮﺑ رﺎﮔآ ﻎﻤﺻ ﻦ ي
ﺪﺷر
ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي ﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﻫ ﯽ
دﻮﺷ ] 14 - 18 [ .
اﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﯾ ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻦ ﯿ
ﺮﮐذ تﺎ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ زا فﺪﻫ ،هﺪﺷ
ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﻎﻤﺻ تاﺮﺛا ﺎﻫ
ي ﺳرﺎﻓ ﻮﻧﻻژ ﯽ
و ﺮﺑ ﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي
ﻓﯿ ﺰﯾ ﻧﺎﮑﻣﻮﮑ ﯿ ﮑ ﯽ ژﻮﻟﻮﻓرﻮﻣ و ي
ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﺋزﺎﮐ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﯿ
ﻦ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
2 - شور و داﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
2 - 1 - داﻮﻣ
ا رد ﯾ ﻦ ﺋزﺎﮐ ردﻮﭘ زا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯿ
ﺪﺳ تﺎﻨ ﯾ ﻢ ) ،ردﻮﭘ مﺎﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ
ناﺮﻬﺗ (،
ﻠﮔ ﯿ ﺮﻠﮐ و لوﺮﺴ ﯾ
ﺴﻠﮐ ﺪ ﯿ ﻢ ) آ كﺮﻣ نﺎﻤﻟ (،
نﻻژ ﻎﻤﺻ
) ﺳ ﯿ نﺎﻤﻟآ ،ﺎﻤﮕ (
ﺳرﺎﻓ ﻎﻤﺻ و ﯽ
ﺷ زا ﯿ ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زاﺮ .
ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﯿ ﻦ
اﺮﺑ ي ﻠﮐ ﯿ ﺎﻣزآ ﻪ ﯾ ﺶ ﺎﺳ و ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ زا ﺎﻫ ﯾ
داﻮﻣ ﺮ
ﺷ ﯿﻤ ﯿﺎﯾ ﯽ درﻮﻣ اراد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ي
ﺎﻣزآ صﻮﻠﺧ ﻪﺟرد ﯾ
ﻫﺎﮕﺸ ﯽ زا و هدﻮﺑ
ﺳ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﯿ ﺎﻤﮕ ) نﺎﻤﻟآ ( ﻬﺗ ﯿ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪ .
2 - 2 - ﻬﺗ ﯿ ﻓ ﻪ ﯿ ﮐارﻮﺧ ﻢﻠ ﯽ
اﺮﺑ ي ﻬﺗ ﯿ ﻓ ﻪ ﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿﻨ ﺪﺳ تﺎ ﯾ ﻢ ) (SC لﻮﻠﺤﻣ اﺪﺘﺑا ، 10
ﺪﺻرد
) ﻧزو ﯽ - ﻧزو ﯽ ( ﺪﺳ ﯾ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢ ﯿ ﻬﺗ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ رد تﺎﻨ ﯿ
ﻪﺑ و ﻪ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ رﻮﻃ
اﺮﺑ و ﺪﺷ ﻞﺣ ي
تﺪﻣ 1 رد ﺖﻋﺎﺳ pH=9
ﻗﺎﺑ ﯽ ﺪﻧﺎﻣ ) ﻈﻨﺗ ﯿ ﻢ
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑpH ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻNaOH
.(
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ 1
ﻪﺑ 2
ﻧزو ﯽ - ﻧزو ﯽ ﻠﮔ ﯿ لوﺮﺴ ﻪﺑ ﺘﺳﻼﭘ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﯽ
ﺎﺳ ﯾ رﺰ ) مﺮﻧ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ( ﻪﺑ
دﺮﮔ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﯾ
ﺪ ) 1 ﻠﮔ ﺪﺣاو ﯿ ازا ﻪﺑ لوﺮﺴ ي
2 ﺪﺣاو .(SC
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ قﻮﻓ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ 20
ﻗد ﯿ بآ مﺎﻤﺣ ﻞﺧاد رد ﻪﻘ 80
ﻪﺟرد
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﯽ ﺲﭘ و ﺪﺷ هداد تراﺮﺣ داﺮﮔ زا
نآ ﻪﺑ ﺳو ﯿ ﻮﺘﺤﻣ فوﺮﻇ ﻪﻠ ي
ﯾ دﺮﺳ ،ﺦ دﺮﮔ
ﯾ ﺪ . مﺎﻤﺣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ
ﻧﻮﺳاﺮﺘﻟوا ﯿ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﮏ 20
ﻗد ﯿ اﺮﺑ ﻪﻘ ي ﺮﺧ لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ جو ﺎﻫ
ي زﺎﮔ ي
ﮔاﻮﻫ ﯿﺮ ي ﺪﺷ . ﻎﻤﺻ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺎﻫ
ي درﻮﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد ﺮﻈﻧ ﺎﻫ
ي 1 ﺪﺻرد
نزو ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ SC
24 ﻪﺑ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﮕﺑآ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﯿﺮ ي رد ﻞﻣﺎﮐ
ﻞﺣ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺎﻣد رد و هﺪﺷ
ي ﺤﻣ ﯿ ﺪﻌﺑ زور و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ ﻂ
ﺋزﺎﮐ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﯿ
ﺪﺳ تﺎﻨ ﯾ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻢ 1
ﻪﺑ 1 ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا
) Gum/SC .(
اﺮﺑ ي ﮔﺪﻨﮐاﺮﭘ ﯽ و ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﯾ ﺘﺧاﻮﻨﮑ ﯽ ﻎﻤﺻ رد ﺎﻫ
ﻎﻤﺻ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ندﺮﮐ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ،لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﻣارآ ﯽ ندز ﻢﻫ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ و
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ .
اﺮﺑ ي ا ﯾ و ﻦﮕﻤﻫ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ دﺎﺠ ﯾ
ﻢﻫ ﻞﻤﻋ ﺖﺧاﻮﻨﮑ
ﺎﻧژﻮﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ ندز ﯾ
ﻓ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا رﺰ ﯿ
ﻬﺗ ﻢﻠ ﯿﻪ ور ﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ ي
ﺐﻟﺎﻗ ﺎﻫ ي ﻧﻮﻠﻔﺗ ﯽ ر ﯾ ﺎﻣد ردو هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺨ ي
3 22± ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ
داﺮﮔ
اﺮﺑ ي تﺪﻣ 24 ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ . ﻓ
ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﻬﺗ ﯿﻪ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ زا هﺪﺷ ﺎﻫ
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ و اﺪﺟ ﯾ
ﺎﻣد ﺎﺑ نوآ رد زور ﮏ ي
دوﺪﺣ 35 ﻪﺟرد
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﯽ ﻗﺎﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ داﺮﮔ ﯿ
ﻣ ﻪﮐ لﻼﺣ هﺪﻧﺎﻤ ﯽ
ﺶﻘﻧ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺘﺳﻼﭘ ﯽ ﺎﺳ ﯾ رﺰ ي ﻪﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد ﻓ و دﻮﺷ فﺬﺣ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ رﻮﻃ
ﯿ ﻢﻠ
ﻬﺗ ﯿﻪ ﺎﻣد رد هﺪﺷ ي
ﺤﻣ ﯿ ﺳد نورد ﻂ ﯿ
اﺮﺑ رﻮﺗﺎﮑ ي ﻣزآ ﺎﯾ ﺶ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺎﻫ ي
راﺪﻬﮕﻧ ي ﺪﺷ . ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻠﮐ ﯿ ﻓ ﺰﺘﻨﺳ رد هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا داﻮﻣ ﻪ ﯿ
ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻢﻠ
ﺋزﺎﮐ نزو سﺎﺳا ﯿ
ﺪﺳ تﺎﻨ ﯾ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻢ .
2 - 3 - ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﻓ
1ﯿ ﻢﻠ
ﻓ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯿ د ﺮﺘﻣوﺮﮑ ﯾ ﺠ ﯿ ﻟﺎﺘ ﯽ ﺖﻗد ﺎﺑ 001 /0 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ رد ﺮﺘﻣ
ﻓ زا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺪﻨﭼ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ترﻮﺻ ﯽ
بﺎﺨﺘﻧا و هﺪﺷ
هزاﺪﻧا ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺪﺷ ﯿ
ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ نآ ﻦ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺎﻫ .
2 - 4 - ﻓﺎﻔﺷ ﯿ
2
ﺖ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ
ﻓﺎﻔﺷ ﯿ ﺖ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﻓوﺮﺘﮑﭙﺳا هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ )
UV-vis ( شور ﺎﺑ
دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا 09 - 1746 ASTM D لﻮﻃ رد
جﻮﻣ 600 ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ
هزاﺪﻧا ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﺪﺷ . تﺎﻌﻄﻗ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﯾﺪﺑ 1
× 4 ﻓ زا يﺮﺘﻤﯿﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ
ﺮﺑ ﯾ هﺪ ﻞﯿﻓ ﺮﻫ ﺲﭙﺳ و هﺪﺷ ﺮﺒﻣ
ﯾ هﺪ هﺪﺷ ﻞﺧاد فﺎﻔﺷ هراﻮﯾد رد
هداد راﺮﻗ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد يﺰﺗراﻮﮐ ﻞﺳ ﺖﺋاﺮﻗ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ بﺬﺟ ناﺰﯿﻣ و هﺪﺷ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . ﻪﻄﺑار زا ﺖﯿﻓﺎﻔﺷ )
1 ( ﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ :
) 1
( Transparency = log T600/x
ﻪﻟدﺎﻌﻣ ﻦﯾا رد جﻮﻣ لﻮﻃ رد رﻮﻧ رﻮﺒﻋ ناﺰﯿﻣT600
600 ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ
و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺮﺑ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ X .
2 - 5 - ﻟﻼﺣ ﯿ بآ رد ﺖ ﻣ و
3ﯿ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ناﺰ ﻓ
4ﯿ ﻢﻠ
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ هزاﺪﻧا ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﻟﻼﺣ ﯿ ﺖ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﮐارﻮﺧ ﯽ رد ﻣ ﻊﻗاو ﯿ ناﺰ
ﻟﻼﺣ ﯿ ﻓ بآ رد ﺖ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﻐﺗ زا ﺎﻫ ﯿﯿ ﻓ نزو تاﺮ ﯿ
ﻪﻃﻮﻏ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻢﻠ رو
ي رد
ﺎﻘﻣ رد بآ ﯾ و ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴ ﻟوا نز ﯿﮥ ﻓ ﯿ ﻣ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻢﻠ ﯽ
ددﺮﮔ ) لﻮﻣﺮﻓ 2 .(
ياﺮﺑ
هزاﺪﻧا ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﻟﻼﺣ ﯿ ﺗﺎﻌﻄﻗ بآ رد ﺖ ﯽ
ﻓ زا ﯿ زﻮﺗزا ﺲﭘ ﻢﻠ ﯾ
يﺎﻣد رد ﻦ
105 ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑداﺮﮔ 6
نزﻮﺴﭙﺳ و ﮏﺸﺧ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ
دﺮﮔ ﯾ ﺪﻧﺪ . ﻓ يﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد ﯿ
رد ﻢﻠ 50 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ ﺮﺘ ﻪﻃﻮﻏ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ رو
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ و 6
يﺎﻣد رد ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 25
ﺗﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯿ رود ﺎﺑ داﺮﮕ 250
rpm
ﺪﺷ هدز ﻢﻫ ﻪﺑ .
ﻓﺎﺻ ﺬﻏﺎﮐ زا لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ ﯽ
هرﺎﻤﺸﻨﻤﺗاو 41
رﻮﺒﻋ
ﮏﺸﺧ زا ﺪﻌﺑ نآ نزو ﺮﺧآ رد و ﺪﺷ هداد ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ نوآ رد ندﺮﮐ
ﺪﻣآ . )
2
( ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ ﺪﺻرد=( ﯿﻪﻟوا نزو-ﯽﯾﺎﻬﻧ نزو)/ﯿﻪﻟوا نزو×100 هزاﺪﻧا ياﺮﺑ ﮔﯿ
ﺮﯾ ﻤﯿ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ اﺪﺘﺑا ،ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ناﺰ ﺎﻫ
ي ﻓ ﯿ ﺳد رد ﻢﻠ ﯿ رﻮﺗﺎﮑ
ﻧ يوﺎﺣ ﯿ ﻨﻣ تاﺮﺘ ﯿﺰ ﯾ ﻢ ) ﺒﺴﻧ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﯽ
53 ﺪﺻرد ( يﺎﻣد رد 25
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ داﺮﮔ 48
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ طوﺮﺸﻣ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ .
2/
0 زا مﺮﮔ
يﺎﻣدﺎﺑ نوآ رد ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺮﻫ 105
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ
زا ﺲﭘ و ﮏﺸﺧداﺮﮔ
ﺖﺷﺬﮔ 6 جرﺎﺧ نوآ زا ﺖﻋﺎﺳ زﻮﺗ و
ﯾ ﺪﺷ ﻦ . ﺎﻬﻧ نزو ﯾ ﯽ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ
زﻮﺗ ود فﻼﺘﺧا ﯾ
ﻟاﻮﺘﻣ ﻦ ﯽ ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ دﺮﮔ ﺖﺒﺛ و ﻦ ﯾ
ﺪ.
2. Transparency 3. Water Solubility 4. Moisture Content
2 - 6 - ﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﯾﺮ ي بآرﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ
5رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ياﺮﺑ بﻮﺼﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا زا بآ
96 - ASTM E ﺪﺷ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﺖﻧﺎﮑﯿﺳد شور ﻪﺑ
. اﺪﺘﺑا نﻮﻣزآ ﻦﯾا رد
ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ 24
رد ﺖﻋﺎﺳ عﺎﺒﺷا لﻮﻠﺤﻣ يوﺎﺣ رﻮﺗﺎﮑﯿﺳد
ﻢﯾﺰﯿﻨﻣ تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ )
ﺒﺴﻧ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﯽ
53 ﺪﺻرد ( ﯽﺘﺑﻮﻃر ﻞﯾﺪﻌﺗ ،
ﺪﻧﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . ياﺮﺑ ﺷ فوﺮﻇ زا ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ مﺎﺠﻧا ﯿ
ﻪﺸ ا ي و ﯾ هﮋ ا ي ﺮﻄﻗ ﻪﺑ 1
ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﺘﻤﯿﺘﻧﺎﺳ .
ﺮﻄﻗ ﻪﺑ يﺬﻔﻨﻣ فوﺮﻈﻨﯾا شﻮﭘرد يور 6
ﻣﯿ ﻠ ﯽ ﺮﺘﻣ ﺒﻌﺗ ﯿﻪ ﺬﻔﻨﻣ ﻦﯾا رد هﺪﺷ طوﺮﺸﻣ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ تﺎﻌﻄﻗ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ
ﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ .
لدﺎﻌﻣ فﺮﻇ ﺮﻫ رد 3
ﺮﻠﮐ مﺮﮔ ﯾ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﻪﮐ ﻢﯿﺴﻠﮐ ﺪ
ﺴﻧ ﯽﻣ دﺎﺠﯾا ﺮﻔﺻ لدﺎﻌﻣ ﯽﺒ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺨﯾر ،ﺪﻨﮐ
. ﺲﭙﺳ ﺷ فوﺮﻇ ﯿ ﻪﺸ ا ي
نآ تﺎﯾﻮﺘﺤﻣ و بآ يوﺎﺣ رﻮﺗﺎﮑﯿﺳﺪﻠﺧاد رد و هﺪﺷ ﻦﯾزﻮﺗ ﺎﻫ
ﻪﮐ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ ﯽﺒﺴﻧ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر
% 100 ا ﯾ ﻣ دﺎﺠ ﯽ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ،ﺪﻨﮐ .
ﺎﻣد رد رﻮﺗﺎﮑﯿﺳد ي
25 ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ﯽ ﻪﺑ و ﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ داﺮﮔ تﺪﻣ
72 ﺮﻫ و ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 6
ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﯾ ﮏ ﻦﯾزﻮﺗ فوﺮﻇ رﺎﺑ ﺪﻧﺪﯾدﺮﮔ
. ناﺰﯿﻣ
رﺎﺨﺑ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﻪﻄﺑار زا بآ
) 3 ( ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ :
) 3
( WVP (g/s. m. Pa) = (M×X)/(A×∆p) ا رد ﯾ ،ﻪﻄﺑار ﻦ ﻐﺗM
ﯿﯿ ،نﺎﻣز ﺪﺣاو رد نزو تاﺮ ـﻓ ﺖﻣﺎﺨـﺿ X
ﯿ ،ﻢﻠ
ﻓ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣA ﯿ
و ﻢﻠ ﻐﺗ ∆p ﯿ ـﯿ فﺮـﻃ ود رد رﺎـﺨﺑ رﺎﺸـﻓ تاﺮ
ﻓﯿ ﻣ ﻢﻠ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
2 - 7 - ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯿ
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ تﺎ ﯿ
ﮑ ﯽ
هزاﺪﻧا ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﺸﺸﮐ مﺎﮑﺤﺘﺳا ﺮﺜﮐاﺪﺣ
6ﯽ ) (TS دزا و ﯾ ﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺗ لﻮﻃ دﺎ ﮥ
7ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ) ( EB ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ بﻮﺼﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ 882
ASTM
زرا ﺞﻨﺳ ﺶﺸﮐ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد و D ﯾﺑﺎ
ﯽ ﺪﺷ . ،نﻮﻣزآ مﺎﺠﻧا زا ﻞﺒﻗ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ زا تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ 24
و طوﺮﺸﻣ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ
ﺪﻌﺗ ﯾ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻞ . دزا ﺪﺻرد و ﺶﺸﮐ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯾ
ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺗ لﻮﻃ دﺎ
ﻂﺑاور زا ﺖﺴﮑﺷ )
4 ( و ) 5 ( ﻣ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﯽ ددﺮﮔ : )
4
( Tensile strength (MPa) = Max load/Cross sectional of area sample )
5
( Elongation at break (%) = Elongation at break point/original length
5. Water Vapor Permeability 6. Tnsile Strength
7. Elongation at Break
2 - 8 - ﻣ ﯿ ﻧوﺮﺘﮑﻟا پﻮﮑﺳوﺮﮑ ﯽ
ﺸﺑور
8
ﯽ ) ( SEM
اﺮﺑ ي ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯿ تﺎ ﻣ ﯿ رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ وﺮﮑ ي
ﺑ ﯿ زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐﻮ ﯾ ﺎﻫ ﺖ ي
ﻟﻮﺗ ﯿ ﺪ وﺎﺼﺗ زا هﺪﺷ ﯾ
ﻣ ﺮ ﯿ ﻧوﺮﺘﮑﻟا پﻮﮑﺳوﺮﮑ ﯽ
ور ﺮﺑ ي ﺢﻄﺳ
ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
اﺮﺑ ي ا ﯾ ﻓ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ اﺪﺘﺑا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯾ ﻪﻗرو ﮏ
هداد ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻼﻃ كزﺎﻧ گرﺰﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ و هﺪﺷ
ﺎﻤﻧ ﯾ ﯽ 10 - 20
ﻣﯿ و نوﺮﮑ 20 ﮐ ﯿ ﻮﻠ زرا درﻮﻣ تاو ﯾﺑﺎ
ﯽ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ .
2 - 9 - رﺎﻣآ نﻮﻣزآ ي
درﻮﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﺎﻣزآ ﻪﯿﻠﮐ ﯾ ﺶ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ 3 ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا راﺮﮑﺗ ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ حﺮﻃ
ﺪﻧﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﺰﯿﻟﺎﻧآ ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ .
ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ زﻮﺗ ندﻮﺑ لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﯾ
ﻊ هداد ﺎﻫ
ﺎﺑ نﻮﻣزآ فوﺮﮔﻮﻤﻟﻮﮐ -
ﻤﺳا ﯿ فﻮﻧﺮ ) ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا (K-S .
ﻠﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻞ
رﺎﻣآ ي هداد ﺎﻫ مﺮﻧ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ راﺰﻓا
SPSS 21 ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا
. ﺻﻮﺗ ﯿ ﻒ
هداد ﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯿ
ﻪﻧﺎ , ﻠﺤﺗ و ﺮﺜﮐاﺪﺣ و ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﯿ
هداد ﻞ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
نﻮﻣزآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا T-test
نﻮﻣزآ و one-way ANOVA
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ .
ﺎﻘﻣ ﯾ ﻣ ﻪﺴ ﯿ ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ ﻘﻌﺗ نﻮﻣزآ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯿﺒ
ﯽ رد و LSD
ﻨﻌﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯽ راد ي 5 ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺪﺻرد .
3 - ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺚﺤﺑ و ﺞ
3 - 1 - ﻓ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ
زا ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ
ﻢﻬﻣ ﺮﺗ ﯾ ﻓ صاﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦ ﯿﺰ
ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ و
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﯿ ﮑﯿ زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﻮﻧﺎﻨ ﯾ
ﺖ ﻣ ﺎﻫ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻓ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯿ ﻦ 098 /0 ﺎﺗ
110 / 0ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ ﻐﺘﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﯿ دﻮﺑ ﺮ . نﺎﻤﻫ هرﺎﻤﺷ ﻞﮑﺷ رد ﻪﮐ رﻮﻃ 1
نﺎﺸﻧ
هداد ﻓ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ ﺮﻫ ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺖ ﯾ
زا ﮏ
ﻎﻤﺻ ﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺎﻫ ﯿ
ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﻪﺑ ﻦ رﻮﻃ ﻨﻌﻣ ﯽ راد ي اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﺶ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ
) P˂0.05 .(
اﯾ اﺰﻓا ﻦ ﯾ ﻓ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ رد رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ًﺎﻣﻮﻤﻋ
اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﻓ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﮏﺸﺧ هدﺎﻣ ﺶ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ اﺰﻓا ،ﺖ ﯾ ﺶ
ﺶﻨﮑﻤﻫﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯾﺒﯿ ﻦ ﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﯽ اﺰﻓا و ﯾ ﺴﻧاد ﺶ ﯿ ﻓ ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ و ﻪﺘ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﻟد ﯿ ﻞ ﻎﻤﺻ ندﺮﮐ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﻣ هداد ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺎﻫ
ﯽ دﻮﺷ . ﺎﺑ اﯾ ﻦ ،لﺎﺣ
ﺑ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﯿ ﻓ ﻦ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ وﺎﺣ ﺖ ي ﺳرﺎﻓ ﻎﻤﺻ ﯽ
نﻻژ و
دﻮﺒﻧ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ )
P>0.05 .(
ﻓﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﻦ ﯾ نﺎﺸﻧ ار ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﻦ
داد ) 098 / 0 ﻣﯿ ﻠ ﯽ ﺮﺘﻣ ( ﻓ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ و ؛ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ وﺎﺣ ﺖ ي ﻎﻤﺻ
ﺳرﺎﻓ ﯽ ﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ نﻻژ و ﯿ
ﺐ 108 / 0 و 110 /0 ﻣﯿ ﻠ ﯽ دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ . ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ
اﯾ
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻦ ﯾ ﺎﺘﻧ ،ﺞ ﯾ د تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞ ﯾ
اﺰﻓا ﺮﮕ ﯾ ندوﺰﻓا ﺮﺛا رد ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﺶ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺑ تﺎﺒ ﯿ ﻠﭘﻮ ﯿ ﺮﻤ ي تارذ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و شراﺰﮔ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ] 19 , 20 [.
3 - 2 - ﻓﺎﻔﺷ ﯿ ﺖ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ
ﻓﺎﻔﺷ ﯿ ﺴﺑ رﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ ﺖ ﯿ
ﻤﻬﻣ رﺎ ﯽ اﺮﺑ ي ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﺑ ي اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﻣ ﻪﮐ ﯿ ﺬﭘ ناﺰ ﯾ فﺮﺼﻣ شﺮ ﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ار هﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ﯿ ﻣ راﺮﻗ ﺮ ﯽ ﺪﻫد . ﻪﺑ
ﻤﻫ ﯿ ﻟد ﻦ ﯿ ﺣاﺮﻃ ﻞ ﯽ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﺑ ي ﺎﻫ ي فﺎﻔﺷ رد و ﺮﺗ ﻋ ﯿ ﻦ لﺎﺣ دوﺪﺴﻣ
رﻮﻧ رﻮﺒﻋ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯾ
و ﮏ ﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯽ اﺮﺑ ﻢﻬﻣ ي ا ﯾ ﻣ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦ ﯽ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ ﻓﺎﻔﺷ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺖ ﯿ
ﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺖ ﯽ
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ
) ﻞﮑﺷ 1 .(
ﻓﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ
ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻦ ﯾ ﻓﺎﻔﺷ ﻦ ﯿ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ار ﺖ
) 16 /%
19 ( . رد ﻟﺎﺣ ﯽ ﺮﻫ ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯾ
ﻎﻤﺻ زا ﮏ ﻓﺎﻔﺷ ﺎﻫ
ﯿ ﺎﺗ ﺖ
دوﺪﺣ ي ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ .ا ﯾ ﻓﺎﻔﺷ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻦ ﯿ
ﻓ رد ﺖ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ ﺖ
ﻣ ﯽ ﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯿ
ﺴﻧاد و ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ ﻞ ﯿ
ﺑ ﻪﺘ ﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ رد ﺖ
ﺎﻘﻣ ﯾ ﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴ ﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻦ .ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ وﺎﺣ ﺖ ي نﻻژ ﻎﻤﺻ
ﺳرﺎﻓ ﻎﻤﺻ و ﯽ
ﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﯿ ﻓﺎﻔﺷ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺐ ﯿ
ﺖ 40 / 16 و 55 / 15 ﺪﺻرد
ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ار .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﯾ
ز تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ،ﺎﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞ ﯾ
دﺎ ي شراﺰﮔ
ﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﯿ
ﻓﺎﻔﺷ ناﺰ ﯿ ﻓ رد ﺖ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ ﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺖ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ
ﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ل ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ ] 21 - 23 [.
3 - 3 - ﻟﻼﺣ ﯿ ﻣ و بآ رد ﺖ ﯿ
ﻓ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ناﺰ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ
ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ و زا ﯾ ﮔﮋ ﯽ ﻓ ﻢﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ز يﺎﻫ ﯾ ﺖﺴ ﺮﺨﺗ ﯾ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾ ﮐارﻮﺧ و ﺮ ﯽ
ﻣ بآ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ
ز ؛ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯾ ﺑ اﺮ ﯿ ارﺎﮐ ﺮﮕﻧﺎ ﯾﯿ
ﺎﯾ ﻦ
ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﺑ ي اﺮﺑﺎﻫ ي اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ زا ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ ﯾ
ﯽ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺎﺑ ﯿ ﺑآ ﺖ ﯽ و ﻻﺎﺑ ﯾ ﺎ
ﻣ ﺪﻤﺠﻨﻣ و هزﺎﺗ داﻮﻣ ﯽ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻮﺳ زا ي د ﯾ ﻣ ﺮﮕ ﯿ ﻟﻼﺣ ناﺰ ﯿ بآ رد ﺖ
ﻣ ﯽ ﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯿ ﺎﻫر ناﺰ ﯾ زﺎﺳدازآ و ﺶ ي
زا لﺎﻌﻓ داﻮﻣ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ
ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ناﺪ ﮐﺮﺗ و ﺎﻫ ﯿ ﻣﺪﺿ تﺎﺒ ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻓ رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯿ
ار ﻢﻠ
ﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﯿ ﺪﻫد راﺮﻗ ﺮ ]
23 , 24 [ . ﻟﻼﺣ راﺪﻘﻣ ﯿ ﻓ بآ رد ﺖ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﺮﺑ
ﺎﭘﯾ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻪ ﯿ ﺑ تﺎﻨ ﯿ ﻦ 58 - 49 ﻐﺘﻣ ﺪﺻرد ﯿ
دﻮﺑ ﺮ ) ﻞﮑﺷ 1 .(
ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ
ﺮﻫ ﯾ ﻎﻤﺻ زا ﮏ ﺎﻫ
ﻓ ﻪﺑ ﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﻣ ﻦ ﯿ ﻟﻼﺣ ناﺰ ﯿ ﻪﺑ بآ رد ﺖ رﻮﻃ
ﻨﻌﻣ ﯽ راد ي اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﺶ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ ) P˂0.05 .(
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ ي ا ﻪﮐ ﯾ اﺰﻓا ﻦ ﯾ ﺶ
ﻟﻼﺣ ﯿ اﺮﺑ ﺖ ي ﺳرﺎﻓ ﻎﻤﺻ ﯽ
ﺑ ﯿ دﻮﺑ نﻻژ ﻎﻤﺻ زا ﺮﺘﺸ .ا
ﯾ اﺰﻓا ﻦ ﯾ ﺶ
ﻟﻼﺣ ﯿ ﻓ رد ﺖ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ ﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖ ﯿ بآ ﺖ ﺘﺳود ﯽ ﻎﻤﺻ و ﺎﻫ
لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ بﺬﺟ ﺎﻫ
ي ﺑ ﯿ ﻣ هداد ﺖﺒﺴﻧ بآ ﺮﺘﺸ ﯽ
دﻮﺷ . ازا ﯾ ﻦ اﺰﻓا ور ﯾ ﺶ
ﻟﻼﺣ ﯿ ا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺖ ﯾ
ﻓ ﻦ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑرد ار ﺎﻫ ي
اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ دوﺪﺤﻣ
ﻣ ﯽ ز ؛دزﺎﺳ ﯾ اﺬﻏ هدﺎﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﺑ سﺎﻤﺗ ﺮﺛا رد اﺮ ﯾ
ﯽ ،ﺖﺑﻮﻃر بﺬﺟ و
ﺖﺳدزا ار دﻮﺧ ﻞﮑﺷ و رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻣ ﻞﺣ و هداد
ﯽ ﺪﻧدﺮﮔ . ﻪﮐ ﻪﭼﺮﮔا
اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﻟﻼﺣ ﺶ ﯿ اﺰﻓا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺖ ﯾ
ﺎﻫر ﺶ ﯾ زﺎﺳدازآ و ﺶ ي
و ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﻣ لﺎﻌﻓ تﺎﺒ ﯽ
دﻮﺷ . ز تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯾ
دﺎ ي ﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻮﺴﻤﻫ ﯾ
ا ﺞ ﯾ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦ
ﻠﭘ ندوﺰﻓا ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ ﯽ
رﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﯾ ﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺪ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ
اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﻟﻼﺣ ﺶ ﯿ ﺪﺷ ﺖ ] 22 , 25 [.
اﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ي
ﺘﺑﻮﻃر ﯽ ﺎﻤﻧ ﯾ لﺎﻐﺷا ﻢﺠﺣ ﻞﮐ ﺮﮕﻧﺎ هﺪﺷ
رﯾ ﻓ ﻪﮑﺒﺷ رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳﺰ ﯿ
لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ
ي ﻟﺎﺣرد ﺖﺳا بآ ﯽ
ﻪﮐ
ﻟﻼﺣ ﯿ ﺑ ﺖ ﻣ ﺎ ﯿ ناﺰ بآ ﺘﺳود ﯽ ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺖﺳا ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﺎﻫ ]
3 [ . اﻮﺘﺤﻣ ي
ﻓ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﯾ ز ؛ﺖﺳا ﻢﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﮏ ﯾ
ﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃا اﺮ ﯽ درﻮﻣ رد ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺗ
ﺑﯿ ﻫ ﻦ ﯿ رﺪ ﺋﻮﻠﮐو ﯿ اﺮﺑ ﺎﻫﺪ ي ﮕﺘﺴﺑاو ﯽ ﺎﻤﺗ و ﯾ نﺎﺸﻧ ار بآ ﻪﺑ ﻞ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻫد . نﺎﻤﻫ ﻞﮑﺷ رد ﻪﮐ رﻮﻃ 1
هداد نﺎﺸﻧ اﻮﺘﺤﻣ ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ
ي
ﺘﺑﻮﻃر ﯽ ﻓ رد ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ ﻪﺑ ﺖ ﻓ زا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺐﺗاﺮﻣ ﯿ
لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﻢﻠ
ﺋزﺎﮐ ﯿ دﻮﺑ تﺎﻨ . ﻣﯿ ﻓ رد ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ناﺰ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﺋزﺎﮐ ﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ ،ﻦ ﯿ ﻦ / و نﻻژ
ﺋزﺎﮐ ﯿ ﻦ / ﺳرﺎﻓ ﻎﻤﺻ ﯽ
ﻪﺑ اﯾ ﻦ ﺗﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺐ دﻮﺑ : 17 ، 3/
18 و 19 ﺪﺻرد .
اﺰﻓا ﯾ اﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﺶ ي ﺘﺑﻮﻃر ﯽ ﻓ رد ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ ﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺖ ﯿ دﻮﺟو ﻞ
بآ لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﻎﻤﺻ نﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ رد ﺖﺳود
ﻣﺎﻫ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻎﻤﺻ ﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯿ ﻞ
ﺻﺎﺧ ﯿ ﮑﺸﺗ ﺖ ﯿ ﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ لژ ﻞ ﯽ
ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ي
اﺰﻓا رد ﯾ ﻣ ﺶ ﯿ ناﺰ
ﻓ رد ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﺎﻫ ] 22 , 23 [.
3 - 4 - ﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﯾﺮ ي بآرﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ
ﺣاﺮﻃ رد ﯽ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﺑ ي اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ
ﯽ ﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ، ﯾﺮ ي ﺎﭘ ﯾﯿ داﻮﻣ ﻦ
ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﺑ ي بآرﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ ﯾ
ﮑ ﯽ ﻢﻬﻣ زا ﺮﺗ ﯾ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦ ي
ﻓ ﯿﺰ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ نﻮﻣزآ ﺞ ﯾﺮ
ي ﻞﮑﺷ رد بآرﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ 1
داد نﺎﺸﻧ
ﻓ ﻪﮐ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ دوﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ ﺖ ي
ﻋﺎﺑ ﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺚ ﯾﺮ
ي ﻪﺑ
ﺪﻧﺪﺸﺑآرﺎﺨﺑ .
ﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯾﺮ
ي ﻎﻤﺻ ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻣﺎﻫ
ﯽ ﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯿ ﻞ
ﺎﻫﺎﻀﻓ ندﺮﮐ ﺮﭘ ي
ﻟﺎﺧ ﯽ ﺮﺗﺎﻣ رد ﯾ ﻓ ﺲﮑ ﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﻎﻤﺻ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻦ ،ﺎﻫ
ﺶﻨﮑﻤﻫﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ي ﺗﺎﺘﺳاوﺮﺘﮑﻟا ﯿ
ﻫ و ﮏ ﯿ ﻧژورﺪ ﯽ ﻮﻗ ي ﺑ ﯿ ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﻦ ﯿ و ﻦ
ﻠﭘ ﯽ رﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﯾ هوﺮﮔ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ،ﺪ ﺎﻫ
ي ﻠﻣﺎﻋ ﯽ اﺮﺑ سﺮﺘﺳد رد دازآ ي
لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ بﺬﺟ ﺎﻫ
ي ﮑﺸﺗ و بآ ﯿ
ﺮﺗﺎﻣ ﻞ ﯾ ﻓ رد ﻢﮐاﺮﺘﻣ ﺲﮑ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ
زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺖ ] 25 , 26 [ . ﻓﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﻮﻔﻧ ﻦ ﺬﭘذ ﯾﺮ ي g/s. m.
1/pa 3 داد نﺎﺸﻧ ار .
ﻎﻤﺻ ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﯿ ﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ناﺰ ﯾﺮ
ي ﺶﻫﺎﮐ
ﯾ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ و ﺖﻓﺎ g/s. m. pa
66 /2 و 5/
2 اﺮﺑ ي ﻎﻤﺻ ﺎﻫ ي و نﻻژ
ﺳرﺎﻓ ﯽ ﺳر ﯿ ﺪ ) P˂0.05 .(
ازا ﯾ ﻦ ﻓ رد ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﻪﺑ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ور ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ
اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﺶ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ . ﻪﺑ ﻬﺑﺎﺸﻣ رﻮﻃ ﯽ
ز تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯾ
دﺎ ي ﺎﺑ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ
ﻎﻤﺻ ندوﺰﻓا ﺮﺗﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﯾ ﺎﺳ ﺲﮑ ﯾ ﺑ ﺮ ﯿ ﻠﭘﻮ ﯿ زا ﺎﻫﺮﻤ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﯿ ﻦ و ﺎﻫ
ﻠﭘ ﯽ رﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﯾ ﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﺎﻫﺪ ﯾﺮ
ي داد ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ار بآرﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ ]
19 , 25 - 27 [.
Fig 1 Physical properties of biodegradable films
based on sodium caseinate reinforced with Persian gum and gellangum
3 - 5 - ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯿ
ﮑ ﯽ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ
ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﯿ
ﻓ تﺎ ﯿﺰ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ، ﯿ ﻧﺎﮑﻣ تﺎ ﯿ ﮑ ﯽ ﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﯽ
اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﺖﻈﻓﺎﺤﻣ رد ﯾ
ﯽ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد ﺎﻫ
ي ﺤﻣ ﯿ ﻄ ﯽ ﺳآ و ﯿ ﺐ ﺎﻫ ي
ﻞﻤﺣ مﺎﮕﻨﻫ هدراو اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﻞﻘﻧو
ﯾ ﯽ ﺪﻧراد . اﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﯾ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﻦ ﺪﻨﺑ ي ﺎﻫ ي
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﯿ
ﮑ ﯽ ﺻﺎﺧ و ﯿ ﻞﮑﺷ ﺖ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي ﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ
ناﻮﻨﻋ ﯾ دﻮﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد بﻮﺧ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﮏ .
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯿ
ﮑ ﯽ
ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﺑ ي ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ًﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﺎﻫ
ي مﺎﮑﺤﺘﺳا
) Tensile Strength (
دزا ، ﯾ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺗ لﻮﻃ دﺎ
) فﺎﻄﻌﻧا ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي ( ) Elongation at Break (
ﺘﻔﺳ و ، ﯽ ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻦ
ﻣ ﯽ دﻮﺷ . نﺎﻤﻫ ﻞﮑﺷ رد ﻪﮐ رﻮﻃ 2
ﻪﺋارا ﻓ ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﯿ
ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ تﺎﻨ
مﺎﮑﺤﺘﺳا ) 7/
3 لﺎﮑﺳﺎﭘﺎﮕﻣ (
فﺎﻄﻌﻧا و ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي ) 65 (%
ﺑﻮﺧ ﯽ نﺎﺸﻧ ار
داد .
Fig 2 Mechanical properties of biodegradable films based on sodium caseinate reinforced with Persian
gum and gellangum
ﺎﺑ اﯾ ﻦ ﺮﻫ ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ،دﻮﺟو ﯾ
ﻎﻤـﺻ زا ﮏ ﻣ ﺎـﻫ
ـﯿ ـﻓ مﺎﮑﺤﺘـﺳا ناﺰ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ
ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ . ا ﻪﮐ ﯾ ﻣ ﻦ ﯿ اﺮﺑ ناﺰ ي ﻓ ﯿ ﺋزﺎـﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﻦ / ـﺳرﺎﻓ ﻎﻤـﺻ ﯽ
ﺑ ـﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ
دﻮﺑ ) 11 /2 لﺎﮑﺳﺎﭘﺎﮕﻣ .(
ا ﻪﮐ ﯾ ﻣ ﻦ ﯽ اﺰﻓا ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯾ
ﻣ رد ﺶ ـﯿ ناﺰ
ﻓ ﮏﺸﺧ هدﺎﻣ ﯿ
زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯾ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺖ . ﻮﺳ زا ي د ﯾ ﻎﻤـﺻ ندوﺰـﻓا ﺎـﺑ ﺮﮕ
ﻣ نﻻژ ﯿ فﺎﻄﻌﻧا ناﺰ ﺬﭘ
ﯾﺮ ي ﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﯿ
اﺰـﻓا لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯾ
ﺶ ﯾ ﺖـﻓﺎ . ﻪـﮐ
ﻟد ﻪــﺑ ــﯿ ﺎــﻫرﺎﺑ دﻮــﺟو ﻞ ي
ــﻔﻨﻣ ﯽ ﺑ كﺮــﺤﺗ ،نﻻژ رﺎﺘﺧﺎــﺳ رد ــﯿ
ﺮﺘﺸ
ﺠﻧز ﯿ هﺮ ﺎﻫ ي ﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﯽ ﮔراﺮﻗ نﺎﮑﻣا و ﯿﺮ
ي لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﺎـﻫ ي ـﺑ رد بآ ﯿ ﻦ
ﺠﻧز ﯿ هﺮ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑ ﯿ ﻠﭘﻮ ﯿ ﻣ ﺮﻤ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 26 , 27 [ . ﻟد ﻪﺑ ﯿ هوﺮـﮔ ﻞ ﺎـﻫ ي ﻠﻣﺎـﻋ ﯽ
ﺑ رﺎﺘﺧﺎــﺳ رد دﻮــﺟﻮﻣ ﯿ
ﻠﭘﻮ ﯿ ﺎــﻫﺮﻤ ي ﺮﺗﺎــﻣ ﯾ ــﻓ ﺲﮑ ﯿ ﮑﺸــﺗ و ﻢﻠ ﯿ
ﻞ
ﭘﯿ ﺎﻫﺪﻧﻮ ي ﻮﻗ ي ﻫ ﯿ ﻧژورﺪ ﯽ ﻣ ﯿ ﺘﻔﺳ ناﺰ ﯽ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﻧ ﺎﻫ ﯿ اﺰـﻓا ﺰ ﯾ ﺶ ﯾ و ﺖـﻓﺎ
اﺰﻓا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﯾ ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﺶ ﯿ
ﮑ ﯽ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾﺘ ﯽ ﺪـﺷ ] 22 , 27 [ .
ﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯽ
ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﯿ ﮐﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ ﻦ ـﯿ
ـﻓ ﺐ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎـﻫ ي
ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﻠﭘ و ﯽ رﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﯾ ﺪ ي ﻪـﺑ ناﻮـﻨﻋ ـﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎـﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ـﯾ ﺚـﻋﺎﺑ ﺖ
ﻮﻘﺗ ﯾ ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺖ ﯿ
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ تﺎ ﯿ ﮑ ﯽ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺪﺷ ﺎﻫ ] 25 , 28 - 30 [.
3 - 6 - ژﻮﻟﻮﻓرﻮﻣ ي
ﺻﻮﺼﺧ و ﯿ
ﺤﻄﺳ تﺎ ﯽ
ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ
ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯿ ﺤﻄﺳ تﺎ ﯽ ژﻮﻟﻮﻓرﻮﻣ و ي
ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ رد ﻪﮐ ﺎﻫ ﻊﻗاو
ﻪﺑ ﻋﻮﻧ ﯽ
ﻣ و ﺶﻨﮑﻤﻫﺮﺑ هﻮﺤﻧ ﯿ
و ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ ناﺰ ﯾ
ﮕﭼرﺎﭙﮑ ﯽ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ نﺎﺸﻧ ار ﺎﻫ
ﻣ ﯽ ﻞﮑﺷ رد ﺪﻫد 3
ﻪﺋارا ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ وﺎﺼﺗ ﺞ ﯾ ﻣ ﺮ ﯿ پﻮﮑﺳوﺮﮑ
ﻧوﺮﺘﮑﻟا ﯽ ﺸﺑور ﯽ ﻓ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯿ
ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ،فﺎﺻ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦ ﯾ
ﺖﺧاﻮﻨﮑ
داد نﺎﺸﻧ ار ﺬﻔﻨﻣ و كﺮﺗ نوﺪﺑ و .
ﻮﺳ زا ي د ﯾ ﺮﻫ ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕ ﯾ
ﮏ
ﻎﻤﺻ زا ﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﻫ ﻦ ﯿ ﭻ ﻌﻤﺠﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﯽ
ﻓ ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ
دوﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ ﻪﭼﺮﮔا ،ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ي
ﻓ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯿ ﻢﻠ و ﺪﺷ ﺮﺗﺮﺑز ﺎﻫ ﯾ
ﺮﺴﮑ ي
ﺪﻣآﺮﺑ ي ﺎﻫ ي ﭼﺎﻧ ﯿ ﻓ ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﺰ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺎﻫ .
و ﺮﺑز ﺢﻄﺳ
ﮔﺪﻣآﺮﺑ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﻧا ﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻤﮐﺪ ﯿ
ﺑ مﺎﺠﺴﻧا و ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ ﻞ ﯿ
ﺮﺘﺸ
ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾ ﻎﻤﺻ ندوﺰﻓا ﺮﺛا رد ﺖ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
.ا ﯾ ﺎﺘﻧ ﻦ ﯾ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﺞ
ﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﯾ ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺞ ﯿ
ﻓ تﺎ ﯿﺰ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﻧﺎﮑﻣ و ﯿ ﮑ ﯽ ﻎﻤﺻ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ
رﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ي ﺑﻮﺧ ﺶﻨﮑﻤﻫﺮﺑ و ﯽ
ﻓ ﺎﺑ ﯿ ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﻢﻠ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد
ﮑﺸﺗ ﯿ ﻓ ﻞ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﯾ ﺪﺷ ﺖﺧاﻮﻨﮑ ]
13 , 30 , 31 [.
Fig 3 Microscopic images of biodegradable films based on sodium casein (A) reinforced with Persian gum (B) and gellangum (C)
4 - ﺘﻧ ﯿ ﻪﺠ ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ نﻮﻣزآ ﺞ ﺎﻫ ي ﻓ ﯿ ﺰﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﻓ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯿ
ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﻓﺎﻔﺷ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﯿ
ﺖ
ﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﻪﺑ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ و ﯽ
ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ
ﻣﯿ ﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ناﺰ ﯾﺮ
ي ﺪﻧﺪﺷ رﻮﻧ رﻮﺒﻋ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﺶﻫﺎﮐ و ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﻪﺑ .
زا
ﻮﺳ ي د ﯾ ﺎﺘﻧ ﺮﮕ ﯾ نﻮﻣزآ ﺞ ﺎﻫ ي ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﯿ ﮑ ﯽ اﺰﻓا ، ﯾ ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﺶ ﯿ
ﮑ ﯽ
ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي زﻮﭙﻣﺎﮐ ﯾﺘ ﯽ ﺎﻘﻣ رد ار ﯾ ﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴ ﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻦ .
زا
ﻮﺳ ي د ﯾ ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺮﮕ ﯿ
ﺤﻄﺳ تﺎ ﯽ ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ
ﻎﻤﺻ ﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯿ ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﻢﻠ ﯿ ﺋزﺎﮐ ﻦ ﯿ ﮑﺸﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻦ ﯿ
ﻓ ﻞ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي ﯾ ﺖﺧاﻮﻨﮑ
ﺪﺷ . ﺎﺑ دﻮﺟو دوﺪﺤﻣ ﯾ ﺖ ﺎﻫ ي شراﺰﮔ اﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ ي ﻓ ﯿ ﻢﻠ ﺎﻫ ي
ﺑﯿ ﻠﭘﻮ ﯿ ﺮﻤ ي ﺎﺘﻧ ، ﯾ نﻮﻣزآ ﺞ ﺎﻫ ي ﻓ ﯿ ﺰﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ، ﯿ ﮑ ﯽ ژﻮﻟﻮﻓرﻮﻣ و ي
ﻓﯿ ﻢﻠ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ ﺮﺗﺎﻣ
ﯾ ﺲﮑ ﺎﻫ ي ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﻠﭘ و ﯽ رﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﯾ ﺪ ي رﺎﮔزﺎﺳ
ي ﺑﻮﺧ ﺶﻨﮑﻤﻫﺮﺑ و ﯽ
ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ار .
رد ﺘﻧ ﯿ ﻪﺠ ﻣ ﯽ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺎﺳ ندوﺰﻓا ﯾ
ﺘﻧا ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺮ ﯽ
ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﻣ ﺪﺿ و ﯿ ﺑوﺮﮑ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﺑ ي ﺎﻫ ي اﺮﺑ لﺎﻌﻓ ي ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﺑ ي اﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯾ ﯽ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد
ﺪﻧﻮﺷ .
5 - ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
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Fabrication of biocomposite films based on sodium caseinate reinforced with gellan and Persian gums and evaluation of
physicomechanical and morphology properties
Mohsenzadeh, M. 1*, Alizadeh-Sani, M. 2, Maleki, M. 3, Azizi-lalabadi, M. 4, Rezaeian-Doloei, R. 5
1. Associate Professor, Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Factulty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2. Ph.D. student, Student’s Scientific Research Center, Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3. Ph.D, Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Factulty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran,
4. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
5. Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
ABSTRACT ARTIClE INFO
Article History:
Received 2020/ 10/ 18 Accepted 2020/ 12/ 27
Keywords:
Biodegradable Films, Sodium caseinate, Gellan Gum, Persian Gum,
Mechanical Resistance.
Recently, the design and production of biodegradable films have received special attention than synthetic packaging due to the reduction of environmental pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Persian gums (1%) and gellan gum (1%) on the physical, mechanical and morphological properties of composite films based on sodium caseinate (10%) as film reinforcing agents. The films were synthesized by solvent evaporation and the effect of each gum on the characteristics of the composite films was evaluated. The results showed that the addition of gums strengthened the composite films. So that the composite films showed mechanical resistance and good barrier properties versus moisture and light. The surface properties and morphology of the films also showed that the gums were well computability to the casein film and formed uniform and stiff films. In addition, composite films had acceptable transparency. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of composite films and the combination of different polysaccharides with protein matrices can improve the properties of the resulting films. On the other hand, by adding antimicrobial and antioxidant agents to biodegradable films, they can be considered as active packaging.
DOI: 10.52547/fsct.18.04.15
*Corresponding Author E-Mail:
Iranian Journal of Food Science and Technology
Homepage: www.fsct.modares.ir
