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TiNH NGHl AN SAU NHONG N A M
DOI M 0 I
Nguyen Hufu Vfnh Cue triOng Cue Thing ki Nghe An
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in xuat Ndng nghiep tinh Nghf An trong nhUng ndm qua phat trien theo chieu hudng tdng dan ed ve sd lugng, chat lugng cung n h u gid trj. Nhip dd t i n g trudng eiia ngdnh ndng nghiep Xii nam 2000 - 2005 binh qudn hang n i m Id 4,8%. Thdi ky 2006 - 2011 nhjp d d t i n g trudng binh q u i n Id 4,9% va nam 2011 la 5,63%. Nhu v l y san xuat Ndng nghifp sau nhOng n i m doi mdi d l ed bude phat trien vUng ehle. Dien tieh ndng s u i t , s i n lugng cac loai ciy trdng hdng n i m tang k h i , c i y cdng n g h i f p Idu nam ed g i i trj kinh te eao ngay cang tang nhanh.Kdt q u i cu the: Thdi ky 2000- 2005, tdng dien tich gieo trdng t i n g 34.114 ha ( t i n g 9,02%), trong do cay hdng n i m tang 22.907 ha, cay ludng thuc 20.242 ha, Thdi ky 2006-2011 t d n g dien tich gieo trdng g i l m 3.507 ha (-0,14%), trong do ely hang nam tang 4874 ha.
Sin lugng luong thue thdi k^
2000 - 2005 tang 25,02%, binh quan
hang nam t i n g 4,57%; thdi ky 2006 - 2011 tang 11,49%, binh q u i n hang n i m t i n g 1,84%. Nang s u i t liia thdi ky 2000 - 2005 tang 13,06%, binh q u i n hang n i m t i n g 2,49%; Thdi ky 2006 - 2011 tang 11.44%, binh q u i n hang nam t i n g 1,82%. Tang nang suat liia dien ra chu yeu d mdt sd vung trpng diem tua nhu huyen Dien Chau, Yen Thdnh, Od LUong, Quynh LUu. Gdp phan vao tang sdn lupng luong thUe cdc thdi kjf I I ele loai ely rau m l u . Oien hlnh Id cay ngd. NhUng n i m qua ely ngd tang nhanh cd ve dien tfch, nang suat, sdn lupng. N i m 2011, sdn lugng ngd dat gan 215 ngdn t i n , d l gdp p h l n quan trpng tang s i n lugng luong thUc cd hat v l bd sung thu'c dn cho gia sue gia cam...
D i f n tfeh cay mfa cho san pham thdi ky 2000-2005 tang 4980 ha, binh qudn hang n i m tdng 996ha, thdi ky 2006 - 2011 tdng 1042ha, binh qudn hdng nam tang 174 ha;
Sin lupng lac ngdy e i n g t i n g nam 2000 la 36.717 t i n , nam 2005 Id
45.494 t i n , ndm 2011 la 42.883 t i n ; Sin lupng vUng nam 2005 Id 1437 tan, t i n g len 2.309 tan nam 2011.
Cay edng nghiep lau n i m trong nhCfng n i m qua eung phdt trien khd, da mang lai hieu qua kinh te eao nhu ehe, ea phe, eao su, ely an qua nhu cam chanh, quyt, nhan v l i , dUa... Dien tieh cay che thdi ky 2000 - 2005 tang 27,23%, thdi ky 2005 - 2011 tdng 65,53%. Nam 2011 so vdi n i m 2000 thi didn tfeh ehe t i n g 2,11 lan. Sdn lugng ehe cung duge tang len, thdi ky 2000 - 2005 t i n g 108,17%; Thdi ky 2005-2011 tang 120,69%; N i m 2011 so vdi nam 2000 thi sdn lugng che tang gap 4,59 lan.
Dien tfch ciy eao su eijng duge t i n g nhanh td3564 ha nam 2000 tang len 7281 ha nam 2011.
Tdm lai, s i n xuat ndng n g h i f p trong nhCfng ndm qua khdng ngUng tang cd sd lupng, c h i t lupng, chung loai phong phu, dap Ung tdt mpi nhu c l u tidu diing eua nhan dan va tham gia xuat khau nhU lac, liia gao, viing, ca phd, cao su, che...
11/9012 S I K S I I N 21 ^
4S^ KINH T£ - XA Hpi
Khd khan, han chd Vdn I I mdt tinh nghdo, d i t dai ft phi nhieu, khi h l u khie n g h i f t ndn s i n x u l t ndng n g h i f p d d i y cdn r i t nhieu khd k b l n , h^n ehd;
Vife ehuydn ddi ed e l u ely trdng eho phu hgp, dUa l^i h i f u qud kinh te cao hgn ehUa xdng vdi tiem ndng Ipi the eua tinh nhd.
Cdng t i c kidm tra c h i t luong gidng e l y trdng, p h l n bdn, thude phdng trU s l u b f nh, mdt sd cdng trinh thuy Idi Idm chua duge t h u d n g xuydn.
O l u ra cua ele sdn p h i m ndng s i n chua dn djnh c l vd thj trudng v l gid c l ndn ndng d i n duge mua nhung thu n h i p v l n thdp vd b I p benh. Su phdt tridn khdng ddng ddu giCfa cle vung ndng thdn, glCfa ndng thdn vd thdnh thj ngdy cdng rd ndt.
Hien nay ndng thdn vung slu, vung xa, viing mien nui, vung ddng b i o dan tdc it ngudi, vung hay bj thidn tai ddi sdng van cdn khd khdn, tinh trang thieu luong thUe cue bd van dien ra tuy khdng Idn, an ninh luong thuc gida ede vung nay v l n chUa vCfng chdc, k h o i n g cleh gida ndng thdn, thanh thi ed xu hudng gian ra.
Co cau kinh t d ndng thdn v l ed cau sdn x u l t ndng n g h i f p chuyen djeh e h l m vd khdng dat muc tidu de ra. Xu hUdng ddc canh lua v l chay theo n i n g suit, xem nhe c h i t
lupng v l n cdn phd bidn, k h i ndng canh tranh cCia hdng ndng sdn, n h i t I I lUdng thyc trdn thj trudng edn h?n chd.
Gldi phdp
Od d i y m^nh s i n x u l t ndng n g h i f p t r o n g t h d i gian t d i bdn c?nh nhang m$t d l d^t dugc, dja p h u g n g c i n :
- Oidu chlnh quy ho^ch sis d y n g d i t phCi hgp vdl quy ho^cb kd hoach p h i t tridn sdn x u l t g i n vdi edng nghidp chd bidn v l thj trudng tidu thy, chuydn ddi, tfch t y rudng d i t , tao viing sdn xudt t i p trung.
- Trdn eo sd quy hoaeh bd trf s i n x u l t c i y con, d i y manh v l f c giao d i t , giao rimg vd e l p g i l y quydn sCr dung d i t dn djnh l l u d l i eho hd ndng d i n , khuydn khich ndng d i n ddn dien, ddi thifa theo Nghj Quydt 02 cua Tinh u^. O l y nhanh vife tich ty rudng dat thdng qua v l f c chuydn nhugng quydn sCf dung rudng d i t ed t d ehde va qudn ly ciia nhd nUdc, g i n vdi qua trinh chuydn djch cd cau lao ddng b i o d i m vife ldm va thu nhdp eiia ndng d i n sau khi chuyen quydn sif dung d i t .
- P h i t trien khoa hgc cdng nghe trong ndng n g h i f p , ndng t h d n Idm CO sd de nang eao n i n g s u i t ely trdng vat nudi, c h i t lUgng s i n pham vd canh tranh ciia hdng hod ndng I l m s i n .
Tldp tyc ddi mdi cdc ehinh saeh:
+ Chlnh s l e h cho vay vdn, md rdng mang ludi khuydn ndng dd tao didu k i f n eho kinh te hd, n h i t Id kinh td trang trai phdt tridn;
khuydn khfch c l e hd ndng ddn, cic trang trai gla dinh, c l e thdnh p h l n kinh t d k h i e lidn kdt vdi nhau, hinh thdnh cdc t d chdc, cdc hlnh thUe hpp t i c di m d rdng quy md kinh doanh, t h u hiit v l hd t r g ele gla dinh khd k h i n .
+ Chfnh sdch khuydn khfch tieu thy ndng s i n hdng h o i thdng qua hgp ddng, khuydn khfch cdc doanh n g h i f p thude cdc thdnh p h l n kinh t d ky hgp d d n g tidu t h u h i n g h o i ddi vdi ngudi s i n xuat, tao co ehe, d d n g thdi chju trdch n h i f m trudc s i n p h i m ciia ngudi s i n xuat.
- Tidp tuc hd t r g cho v i f e nghidn edu vd s i n x u l t cac loai m i y mde thidt bj CO khf phu hgp vdi didu k i f n N g h f An, d d n g thdi tidp tue hd t r g ndng d i n mua vd sif dung m i y e l y nhd da chiie nang n h l m d i y nhanh chuong trinh cokhf h o i ndng nghidp.
- Tdp trung Uu tidn eho dau tU x i y dung v l p h i t trien eo sd ha tang trUde hdt Id edng trinh thu;^ Igi, litig d u n g cdc thanh tuu eua sinh hoc h i f n dai trong linh vUc gidng ely trdng, chd bien ndng I l m .
