QUAN DIEM CUA DANG CQNG SAN VIET NAM

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TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA C 6 N G N G H E - S 6 11 - TRU'O'NG OfiA HOC PHAM V A N B 6 N G

QUAN DIEM CUA DANG C Q N G SAN V I E T NAM yt DONG LI/C PHAT TRIEN DAT NlTdC TRONG T H 6 I KY DOI M 6 I

Nguyen Mgnh Chung', Nguyen Viet Khoa' TOM TAT

Bong lire phdt trien ddt nu&c Id nhirng nhdn td thiic ddy cd nhdn vd tap thi hdnh dgng, la ndi dung quan trgng ludn duac Bdng Cdng sdn Viet Nam de cap trong nhieu ky Bai hdi. Bi khdi qudt mgt cdch cd hi thdng quan diim cua Bdng vi ddng luc phdt trien ddt nu&c trong th&i ky doi m&i, tdc gid dd phdn tich: Quan diem cua Bdng Cong sdn Viet Nam ve ddng l\ec phdt trien ddt nu&c qua cdc ky Bgi hgi tU ndm 1986 din nay. Tren ca sa do, bdi viet cUng chi ra vi tri, vai tro ciia cdc ddng lire tgo thdnh mgt he tong dgng luc thuc day su nghiep doi m&i vd hgi nhdp & Vi^t Nam hiin nay.

Td khoa: Quan diim cua Bdng, ddng luc phdt trien, th&i ky ddi m&i 1. DATVANDE

Ddng lyc phdt tridn xa hpi la mpt npi dung co ban ttong ly ludn chu ngMa Mae - Lemn. Cach mgng xa hdi chu nghia vdi muc dieh gidi phdng giai edp edng nhdn va nhan dan lao dpng ra khdi tinh ttang dp bfie bde lot. Do vgy, nd thu hut sy tham gia ddng dao cua giai cap cdng nhan va tdng ldp nhdn ddn lao dpng, tao thanh nhirng ddng luc to Idn eua caeh mang. Dudi anh sdng chu ngMa Mae - Lenin, ttong tien trinh lanh dgo cdch mgng Vidt Nam, Ddng Cdng san Vidt Niun ngay cdng nhdn thfie day du va sdu sdc hon v l ddng luc phat triln ddt nude. Sy nhan thuc sau sac dy Id qua trinh phat ttiln tu duy ly ludn eua Dang vd phuong phdp caeh mgng vd la su van dyng sang tao ly ludn chu nghia Mdc - Lenin vao gidi quylt nhung vdn dl thuc tiln ddt ra eua dat nude ttong mdi thdi ky, giai doan lich sfi, vdi mye dich duy nhdt Id thue ddy ddt nude phat tiiln, each mang thanh cdng. Vi vdy, nhgn thfie dugc ddng lyc va vi tri, vai ttd eua mSi dpng lyc d6i vdi sy phat tiien ddt nude ed y nghia quan ttpng ttong xay dung ddng ea, thuc ddy mdi ed nhan va td

ehue hanh dpng hudng tdi mye tieu mdt nude Vipt Nam "dan giau, nude manh, ddn ehu, cdng bdng, van minh".

2. NQI DUNG

2.1. Quan diem cua Dang Cpng san Vi|t Nam v l ddng lire phat trien dat nude qua cac ky Dai hpi tur ndm 19S6 din nay

D$ng lyc phat trien xa hpi Id nhfing nhdn td thue ddy xa hdi phat trien ttong mpt thdi ky nhat dinh, cd ddng lyc dien ra ttong mgt thdi gian tuong ddi dai (ddu ttanh giai edp ttong xa hgi eo ddi khdng giai cap), nhung ciiag cd nhimg ddng lyc chi diln ra ttong thdi gian ngdn (nhu cdu gidnh dgc lap dan tgc). Nhdn thfie dgng lye phdt ttien xa hgi phai can ed vdo eac dilu kidn eu thd, khach quan; viec xdc dinh dung ddng lue la co sd khoa hgc de giai cap cam quyen ehu dpng tao ra ede nhdn td ddm bdo su phat triln bin virng cua ddt nude.

Trudc Dai hdi VI (1986), Ddng ta nhdn thuc d^ng lyc chu ydu cua sy phdt triln dat nude la ddu ttanh giai cdp. Xac dinh ddng luc nhu vdy la dung vdi thdi kJ' each mang ddn tde ddn chu nhan dan. Tuy

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TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA C 6 N G N G H E - S O 11 - TRU'O'NG BAI HOC PHAM VAN BONG

nhien, khi didu kipn ddt nude da thay ddi, nhan thuc nhu vdy chua that phu hpp, ddn din nhung sai ldm, kim ham sy phat trien ddt nude.

Tu Dai hdi VI (1986) din nay, Dang Cdng san Viet Nam dd ed nhimg nhan tiifie mdi va xae djnh ro quan diem ve nhflng dpng lye phdt trien ddt nude.

Budc vao thdi ky ddi mdi toan dien ddt nude, Dai hdi Dai bieu todn quoc ldn thfi VI (1986), danh ddu bude ehuyen quan ttgng ttong tu duy ly Man cfia Dang.

Mpt ttong nhiing tu tudng ldn bao triim va xuyen sudt dudng loi doi mdi do Dgi hdi VI dl ra la tu tudng Gidi phdng siec sdn xudt, gidi phong y thirc, tinh thdn vd mgi dim ndng cua xd hgi dd ddi mdi todn dien tten cac linh vye eua ddi sdng gan lien vdi cude van ddng ddn chd hda xd hgi.

De thuc Men sy giai phdng dy. Dang da nhdn manh tdi lgi ich kinh te, vgt chdt cua ed nhdn ngudi lao ddng, dac biet Ipi ich kinh te cua ndng ddn va hd ndng ddn ttong linh ndng nghiep ttdn dia ban ndng thdn vdi quan diem: '"phdi ddi mdi co che qudn ly kinh te vdi ndi dung chu ylu la xda bo tap tmng quan lieu, bao cdp, sfia ddi eac chinh sach don bdy kmh tl, Mnh thdnh CO che kd hoach hda theo phuong thuc hgeh toan kinh doanh xa hdi chu ngMa diing nguyen tdc tgp trung ddn chu"

[6, tt.61], tgo ra ddng lye mdi dl phat triln ddt nude.

Nhu vgy, c6 till xem ddy la sy khdi dau cua budc chuyin tu tu duy kinh t l Mpn vdt, ke hogeh hda tgp trung sang kinh tl hang hda, tin ttudng vd ddn chu hda, chii ttgng vdo nhirng don bdy kinh t l dl kieh tiiieh tinh tich eye, chu dpng cua ngudi lao ddng, san xudt kmh doanh. Tu

52 . JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY •

tudng dy the hien quan dilm thye tidn - ddi sdng, coi ttgng nhung tien dl Mdn thyc de di tdi xa hdi chu ngMa, ma mgi tien de ddu xudt phat tfi ngudi lao ddng, nhdm dam bdo ddi sdng va sy tdn tgi Men thuc cua mdi ngudi bang nhihig nhu cdu, lpi ich thudng nhdt hang ngay. Ddi moi nhu m^t dudng ldi cMen lucre cua phat trien, sd di nhanh chdng di vdo cude sdng bdi nd dap ung dung nhflng nguydn vgng hue xue, nhfing ddi hdi chinh ddng ciia mpi ngudi dan va mpi tdng ldp nhan dan, tgo dpng luc mgnh me thue day sy phat tridn ddt nude.

Dgi hgi Dai bilu todn qude ldn thu VII (1991), Dai hdi da thdng qua Cuong linh xdy dyng dat nude ttong thdi ky qua dp ien chii ngMa xd hdi. Trong van kien quan ttgng nay, cdu trd ldi "chu ngMa xa hpi Id gi?", "xa hdi xa hgi chu nghia ma chling ta xay dyng la mdt xd hdi nhu thi nao?" da ldn ddu tidn duoc de cap tdi mdt each cd he thdng dudi hinh thuc luan de.

Dai hdi xac dinh sau ^ic trung eua xa hoi xa hpi chu ngMa d nude ta ma nhdn ddn ta xdy dung Id mgt xa hgi: "Do nhdn dan lao ddng lam chii; cd nen kinh te phdt trien cao dua tten luc lugng san xudt Men dai vd che dp cdng hiJu ve cae tu lieu san xuat chu ydu; eo nen van hda tien hen, dam da ban sdc ddn tde; eon ngudi dugc giai phdng khoi dp buc, bdc lot, bat cdng, lam theo nang luc, hudng theo lao dgng, co cude sdng dm no, tu do, hanh phuc, eo dieu kien phat trien toan dien ed nhdn; cac ddn tOc trong nude binh dang, doan ket giup dd ldn nhau eimg tiln bp; c6 quan hd huu nghi va hgp tae vdi nhdn ddn tdt ca cac nude tten thi gidi" [2, tt.l 11-112].

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TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA G O N G N G H E - S 6 11 - TRUQ'NG BAI HQC PHAM V A N B 6 N G

Sau dgc truang ttdn chinh la ddu hi^u (dae dilm, tieu chi) nhdn bilt ban chdt - muc tieu - dpng luc ciia ehu ngMa xa hdi d Vidt Nam do Ddng Cdng sdn Viet Nam neu ra, xudt phdt tii thyc tiln ddi mdi. Nhan thuc sau dae tnmg nay budc het la nhdn thuc dupc nhimg thudc tinh ban chdt eua chu ngMa xa hOi. Ban ehdt dy eiing ddng thdi ndi len tinh dinh hudng, tue la myc tieu md chu nghia xa hgi vuon tdi, nhung ddng thdi ciing id ddng luc va cac nhan td ddng luc thue ddy su hmh thanh va phdt triln chu ngMa xa hgi d nude ta thdng qua cac dac trung, hoac trye tidp hodc gian tidp. Trong do Dgi hgi nhdn manh: "Ddn chii xa hgi chii ngMa vua la mdt muc tidu vua la mgt dpng Iuc eua cong eupc ddi mdi xa hdi d nude ta" [2, tt. 125]. Dai hpi Dgi bieu toan quoc lan thu v m (1996), Dai hdi dua ddt nude ta tidn vdo thdi ky day mgnh cong ngMep hda.

Men dai hoa dit nude. Trdn ea sd tdng kit 10 nam ddi mdi, Dang ta da nit ra mdt ttong nhfing nguydn nhan ttpng ylu ddn den thdnh cdng ciia Ddng ttong hoach djnh va thyc Men dudng ldi ddi mdi:

"Chinh nhfing y kiln, nguydn vpng va sang kien cua nhdn ddn la ngudn gdc hinh thanh dudng ldi ddi mdi cua Dang. Ciing do nhdn dan hudng ung dudng ldi ddi mdi, dung edm phan ddu, vupft qua biet bao khd khan, thfi thaeh ma cdng cude ddi mdi dgt duac nhung thdnh tyu hdm nay"

[6, tt.460].

Tuy nhidn, dl thuc hien muc tidu cdng ngMep hda, hidn dai hda, xay dung nude ta ttd thdnh nude cong nghidp cd co sd vdt chdt - ky thuat hien dai. Dai hdi VIII tidp tye khdng dinh lai quan dilm Dgi hdi VII vd bd sung "khoa hpe va cdng nghd la ddng luc eua cdng ngMep hda.

hien dai hda" [6, tt.741]. Quan didm nay mdt ldn nfia dupe Dang ta nhdn manh vd bd sung tai Dai hgi ldn thfi DC: "Phat trien khoa hgc va cdng nghe cung vdi phdt trien giao dye ddo tgo la qude sdch hang ddu, Id nin tang vd ddng lyc ddy manh cdng n g M ^ hda. Men dai hda ddt nude" [6, tt.657]; "Xay dyng nen van hda tien tidn, dam da ban sac ddn tpc vua la muc tidu vua la dpng lyc thiic day kinh te - xa hdi"

[6, tt.659]. Tuy nMen "Dpng lye chu yeu de phat trien dat nude la dai doan ket todn dan tten co sd lien minh gifia cdng nhdn vdi ndng ddn va tri thuc do Dang lanh dgo, ket hpp hai hda eae lpi ieh cd nhdn, tap the va xd hpi, phat huy mgi tiem nang va ngudn lyc eua cac thanh phdn kinh t l cua xdhOi" [5, tt.l22].

Dgi hpi Dgi bieu toan qude Idn thu X (2006), Dai hdi tdng kit 20 nam ddi mdi, nit ra nhiing bai hpe ldn ttong dd

"phat huy eao dp ndi lyc, ddng thdi ra sfic khai thdc ngoai lue, kit hgp sue manh ddn tdc vdi sfic manh thdi dgi ttong dilu kien mdi" [7, tt.l9], la mpt bdi hpc quan ttgng.

Ddng thdi Ddng ta chi ro: "Dai doan ket ddn tpc tten nen tdng lidn minh giai cdp edng nhan vdi giai edp ndng ddn vd dgi ngu tri thuc, dudi sy lanh dao eua Dang Id dudng ldi cMdn lupc nhat quan cua cdch mgng Viet Nam; la ngudn siic manh, dgng lyc chu yeu vd Id nhdn td cd y nghia quylt dinh bdo dam thang lai bdn viing eua su nghidp xay dyng va bdo vp T6 qude" [7, tt.40-41]. Quan dilm nay duac hip tuc khdng dinh d Dai hdi XI (2011): "Dgi dodn kit ddn tdc Id dudng ldi ehiln lupc cua each mgng Viet Nam; la ngudn sue manh, ddng luc chii ydu vd la nhdn to co "^

nghia quylt dinh bao dam thdng Ipi ciia su nghiep xdy dung va bao vd Td qude" [8, p JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY •

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TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA C 6 N G NGHg - S6 11 - TRU6'NG BAI HQC PHAM VAN PONG

tt.48]. Trong dd ldy myc tidu xdy dung mdt nude Vidt Nam hoa bmh, ddc lgp, tiidng nhat toan ven lanh thd, ddn gidu, nude manh, ddn chu, cdng bdng, van minh lam dilm tuong ddng de tap hpp doan ket mpi ngudi vao mat tran chung, tdng cudng ddng thuan xa hdi.

Tgi Dai hgi Ddng toan quoe Idn thfi XK (2016), ttdn co sd kd thua va phdt huy nhiing thanh tuu, bai hpc kinh ngMem eua 30 ndm ddi mdi. Dang ta ehi rd: "Tiep tye ddi mdi tu duy, hoan tMen ea ehd chinh sdch, thao gd Mp thdi nhung khd khan, vudng mdc nhdm khai day mpi tidm ndng vd ngudn lue cua dat nude, tao ddng lue mdi cho su phdt trien nhanh va bin viing.

Nhan thuc dung vd xfi ly tdt cac nhan td tao thanh dpng luc tdng hpp dd ddi mdi va hpi nhap" [9, tt.76].

Nhu vgy, ddng lyc phat triln ddt nude d Dgi hdi XII duge Dang Cpng san Viet Nam tiep can mpt edeh todn dipn vd hd thdng han. Hidu dpng luc phdt tridn xd hpi d nude ta Men nay, bao gdm ea he thdng, the hipn tten nhieu linh vyc kinh te, ehinh tri, van hoa, xd hdi... Mdi ddng luc cd vi tti va vai tto ddc lap tuong ddi, tao thanh mdt tdng hpp lyc thuc day ddt nude phat trien nhanh va ben viing.

2.2. Vi tri, vai tro cua cac dong lyc th6c day sy nghiep ddi mdi va hdi nhdp d Viet Nam hien nay

Trudc kM Man bdn ve vi tri, vai ttd cua dpng lyc, chung ta cung can phan bidt dpng lyc vdi dilu kidn phat triln. Dilu kien Id mdi trudng bao dam cho sy phdt trien dien ra, con ddng luc la edi thuc ddy xa hpi phdt tridn. Ddng lyc co nhilu logi:

tiue tidp, gidn tilp, chu ylu, tiifi ylu, ben ttong, bdn ngodi. Tung giai doan cu thi,

mdi dpng lyccd vi tri, vai tto khac nhau doi vdi sy phat trien cua xd hdi. CJ Viet Nam hien nay, edc nhdn td tao thdnh dpng lyc tdng hgp cho sy phat tridn nhanh va ben viing dat nude bao gdm: "ket hop hai hda ede lai ich; phat huy long ydu nude, tinh than ddn tdc; phdt huy ddn chii, sue manh dgi doan kit toan dan tpc; phdt huy nhan td eon ngudi;..." [9, tt.76], mdi nhan td ed mpt vi tri, vai ttd khdc nhau, cdn dupc nhdn thuc dung vd phdt huy Meu qua.

Mgt Id, dgng luc lgi ich. Van dd Ipi ich vdi tu cdch Id tieu dilm ca ban nhat, then chot nhdt, quydt dinh nhdt ttong mgi mdi quan be giai cap, d&i tde, tdn giao, qude gia vd qude te, lam thude do Meu qua ttong thue hidn cMin lupc Dai doan ket, trye tiep tao ddng luc eho ddi mdi va hgi nhgp.

Sy phat trien cfia xd hdi la ket qua cua nhiing hogt dgng co y thfie cua con ngudi dang theo dudi nhung lpi ieh nhat dinh. Theo do, Ipi ieh Id mdt dpng lyc giii vai ttd dgc biet quan ttpng ttong hogt ddng cua eon ngudi va ttong su phat triln xa hpi. Lpi ich bao gdm ca lpi ich vdt chat va 1^ ich tinh thdn, loi ieh kinh te vd lgi ich ehinh tri, lgi ich ca nhdn vd lpi ich tap thd... Lpi ieh ridng, loi ieh vgt chdt la dpng lyc trye tiep cho mgi hoat dpng cua con ngudi.

Con ngudi d bdt ky tiidi dai nao cung hogt ddng trude hit cho lai ich cua ban tiian minh. Lai ich ea nhan ddng vai tto trye tiep, co sd cho mpi hoat dpng ty gidc, hoat ddng tich cue cua con ngudi. La nhdn td quydt dinh tiudc hit, la co sd de thyc hidn lai ieh xa hdi. Lai ich chung cua xa hdi duac thuc Men thdng qua lgi ich

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TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA C Q N G N G H E - S O 11 - TRU'O'NG BAI HQC PHAM V A N P O N G

cua moi cd nhdn, cgng ddng cy the, co y nghia hudng vao gidi quylt nhiing nhu cdu chung cua nhidu thanh vidn hgfp lgi thdnh cgng ddng xa hgi, dong vai ttd la dieu kien va dinh hudng cho viee tiiye Men lpi ieh ca nhan.

Vi thd, hidn nay de tao ddng lue eho sy phat trien ddt nude, edn phdi co ca che va chinh sach giai quylt tdt mdi quan he lpi ich. Ket hpp hdi hda lgi ich chung va loi ich rieng, lpi ich ca nhdn, tap the va Nha nude...; quan tam lpi ich tMit than cua ngudi lao ddng; bao ddm lpi ich va phuang thuc thye hien lpi ieh cdng bdng, hpp ly cho mpi ngudi, cho chu thi, nhdt la lgi ich kinh td. Ddng thdi, kien quyet ddu ttanh chdng eac lai ieh bat chinh, phi phdp, "loi ich nhdm". Hien nay Dang va Nha nude ta da co nhfing ehii truang, ehinh saeh, phdp Mat phu hgp ttong gidi quylt vdn de Igi ich. Dieu 32, Hidn phap 2013 quy dinh: "Mgi ngudi co quydn sd hiiu ve thu nhdp hop phap, cua cai de ddnh, nha d, tu lieu sinh hoat, tu lieu san xudt, phdn vdn gdp ttong doanh ngMep hoac ttong eac td chuc kinh te khac.

Quyin sd hiiu tu nhdn va quyin thua ke dupc phdp ludt bao hd" [1, tt.20]. Nghi quylt Dai hgi XII cua Ddng chi ro: "gidi quylt hai hod quan he lpi ich giua edc thanh vien ttong xa hpi; bdo ve quyin va Icfi ieh hgp phap, chinh dang eua nhan dan; khdng ngdng ndng eao ddi sdng vgt chdt vd tinh thdn cua nhdn dan. Mpi ehu truong, dudng l6i ciia Dang, chinh saeh, phdp ludt cua Nhd nude deu vi lai ich cua nhan dan" [9, tt. 153]. Ddng tiidi "Bdo dam lgi ich tdi cao eua qude gia - dan tpc, tten CO sd cac nguyen tde co bdn ciia phap Mat qude tl, binh ddng ciing ed lgi" ttong quan he qude te.

Vdi quan diem tten, Dang ta dd giai quylt moi quan he gifia lgi ich ca nhan va lpi ich cgng ddng, xd hdi, gifia lgi ich chung va Igi ieh rieng, gifta qude gia vd qude td mpt each phu hpp, dung mue vd can thidt.

Hai Id, dgng l\ec ddn chu. Ddn chu xa hpi chu ngMa duge eoi Id bdn ehat eua ehd dp xa h^i chu ngMa d nude ta, vfia Id muc tidu, vfia la ddng lye cua edng eu^e ddi mdi, xdy dyng vd bao ve Td qude.

Dan ehu la mpt dpng lyc to ldn, cd tdc dyng thdc day mgnh me ca nhdn vd edng ddng. Dieu do the hien d chd: thii nhdt, nhdn ddn lao dpng dugc lam chii, phat huy cao dp tinh tich cue, tu giac cua minh ttong sy nghiep xdy dung va bdo vp ddt nude; thii hai, sue Iao ddng duge gidi phdng, mpi tiem nang cua ddt nude duge phat huy, tao ndn sue mgnh tdng hgp to ldn eho sy phat trien dat nude.

Trong dieu kidn d^t nude Men nay, ed xdy dyng, thuc Men ddn ehu mdi phat huy hdt tilm nang sang tao, ddng vidn tinh tich eye, ehu ddng ciia nhan dan vdo giai quydt cac vdn de phdt sinh tu thuc tiln, huy ddng dupc mpi tiem lye cua dat nude cho su nghiep xay dung va bao ve Td qude. Trong dieu kien mpt ddng cdm quyin, phat huy ddn chu con la mdt ttong nhiing gidi phdp Iam ttong sach bd may nha nude, ngan ngfia nguy ca lam quyen, dpe quyen. Thuc hien ddn chu phai bdo dam tdt eae quyin con ngudi, quyen cdng dan dugc gM ttong Hidn phap bd sung sfia ddi nam 2013; day manh thuc Men dan chii ttong todn xd hgi, trudc hit la ddn ehu ttong Dang; dan chu phai gin vdi k;^' ludt, ky cuong, dd eao tinh than thupng tdn phdp ludt; "Ddn chu phdi dugc thyc hipn

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TAP CHl KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE - S6 11 - TRU6^NG BAI HQC PHAM V A N B O N G

ddy dil, nghiem tuc ttdn tdt ca cdc linh vyc cua ddi sdng xd hgi. Bdo dam nhdn ddn tham gia d tdt ea eae khau cua qua trinh dua ra quydt dinh lidn quan den lpi ieh, cupe sdng eua nhan ddn" [9, tt.38]. Thuc Men tdt phuang chdm "Ddn bidt, dan bdn, dan lam, ddn kidm tta" [9, tt. 39].

Ba Id, dgng luc long yeu nu&c. tinh thdn ddn tgc. Ldng yeu nude, tinh thdn ddn tgc la mdt gia tri ben viing, la nhan td quan ttgng hang dau tac dpng sau sdc den ddi sdng van hda tinh than va da ttd thanh tmydn thdng, ban linh Viet Nam ttong sudt qua trinh Mnh thanh va phdt trien cua dan tpc qua cac thdi ky Heh su; la ea sd viing chac gan ket khdi dai doan ket toan dan tpc, tao nen sue manh ttong sy ngMep xay dyng va bao vp Td qude.

Sfie mgnh eua long ydu nude, tinh than dan tdc ndu dugc nhdn len ttong giai dogn Men nay, se giup thyc luc quoc gia Vipt Nam manh me tten mpi linh vuc. Ve chinh tri, ydu nude giiip toan ddn xdy dyng khdi dai doan kit dd phdt trien ddt nude; san sang duong ddu mpi khd khan, thaeh thuc ca ben ttong lan ben ngodi...

Ve kinh te, ydu nude gan vdi ydu ddng bao la phdn ddu phdt triln kinh te vi lpi ieh cdng ddng, qude gia; uu tien dimg hang Viet Nam cung la thuc day nen san xudt ttong nude phat triln... Vl vdn hda, do Id bdo tdn va phat huy ban sdc van hda dan tdc; sdng cd nghia tinh, yeu thuang, diun hge, giup dd ldn nhau, xdng vdi hai chu "ddng bdo"; tilp ihu mgt each chu dgng vd lanh mgnh cae gid hi vdn hda eua nhdn logi,... Vd ddi ngogi, tinh thdn yeu nude gop phdn ndng cao vi thi Viet Nam ttdn trudng quoc te... Trong bdo cao tdng kit 30 nam ddi mdi Dang ta chi rd:"Han

bao gid hdt, phai phat huy cao dO long yeu nude, y thuc ty hao, ty tdn ddn tde, neu cao y eM vd ban Imh dan tdc, gifi vung dde lap, chu quydn, thdng nhdt, toan ven lanh thd, doan ket toan Ddng, toan dan vi su phdt ttiln ddt nude" [10, tt.22].

Bdn Id, dgng lire siic mgnh dgi dodn kit ddn tgc. Phat huy sue manh dai doan ket toan dan tgc la dgng vidn ddn muc eao nhdt sire mgnh cua tdt ed cdc giai cap, tdng ldp, ddn tde, tdn giao, mpi gidi, mpi lira mdi, ngudi ttong Dang va ngudi ngodi Dang, ddng bdo ttong nude vd ngudi Viet Nam d nude ngodi dd xay dyng va phdt trien dat nude.

Dai dodn kdt todn ddn tde duge coi la ddng luc chu yeu bdo dam thang Ipi ciia su nghiep xdy dyng va bao vp Td qude, vi each mgng la sy nghipp cua qudn chung nhdn ddn, sue manh eua nhdn dan dupc ndng Ien kM dupc quy ty, td chuc, co sir lanh dao thdng nhdt, su nd luc cua mdi Ihanh vien hudng vdo eimg mdt muc tieu.

Mdu sd chung quy tu sfic mgnh dai doan kit toan dan tpc Men nay la nhdm hudng tdi ddc lap dan tdc vd chu ngMa xa hpi. Cai dung ttdn tat ed cac giai cdp, tang ldp, gia dinh, ca nhan... la ndn ddc lap, ty do cua Td qude gdn chat vdi sy ngM^p xay dyng chu nghia xa hpi va bao vp Td qude dudi sy ldnh dao eua Ddng. Giai quydt mdt each hai hoa quan he gifta nude ta vdi cae nude theo tinh thdn tdn ttgng dde lap chu quydn, khdng ean thiep vao cong vide ngi bp ciia nhau, cac ben cimg CO lgi, "khdng gdy Ihu oan vdi mgt ai", nhu H6 CM Minh cM rd. Tdt ca phai vi su thdnh cong cua sy nghiep edng ngMep hoa, Mdn dai hod ddt nude. Dd chinh la hinh thfie mdi, la ndi dung vd tt'nh chdt

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. TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHg - S 6 11 - TRU'O'NG PAI HQC PHAM VAN P Q N G

eua cude dau tranh giai cdp d nude ta hipn nay Ndi khdi quat, thuc hien dgi dodn kit hien nay chinh Id su tap hgp vd gidi quyit thdnh cong mgi nhdn to v&i mgi mdi quan hi khdc nhau trong su thong nhdt, quy tu tdt cd cdc Igri ich khdc nhau bdng su tuang ddng di dua ddt nu&c phdt triin dung hu&ng xa hdi chu nghia nhanh, mgnh vd bin vimg. Sy thdng nhat dd. Id nen dde lap tu do cua ddn tdc; diem tuang ddng dd, la sinh menh cua chu ngMa xd hgi. Vi thd, Dai hgi XII, Ddng ta tilp tue khdng dinh: co sd d l xdy dung kh6i dai doan ket toan dan tdc la wi "m^c tieu xdy dung mgt nu&c Viit Nam hoa binh, ddc lap. thdng nhdt, todn ven ldnh thd, ddn gidu, nu&c mgnh, ddn chu, cdng bdng, vdn minh ldm diem tucmg ddng; ton trong su khdc biit khong trdi v&i lai ich quoc gia — ddn tdc" [9, tt. 158]. Ddng thdi "gidi quyit hdi hoa quan hi lgi ich giua cdc thdnh vien trong xa hdi; bdo vi quyin vd lgi fch hgp phdp chinh ddng cda nhdn ddn " [9, tt.l59].

Ndm Id, vdn hoa md trung tdm, cdt loi Id phdt huy nhdn td con ngu&i. Con ngudi cd tri tue, nang lye, sang tao, ed phdm ehdt dao dfie, nhdn each, trung thyc nhdn ai. Day Id cdt van hda, tgo ra ddng lyc ndi sinh quan ttpng cua qua trinh phat tridn.

van hda la dOng lue phat tridn xd hdi vi: mpt mat, van hoa lien quan den phat triln con ngudi, mdi trudng xa hdi.

Mpt ddt nude khdng the phat tridn ben vung nlu nhung con ngudi, cpng ddng xa hdi tMlu van hoa (hgc vdn, nhdn each, ldi sdng... phu hpp vdi ehudn mue eua xd hdi, thdi dai). Mat khae, van hda la su phan anh, kit tinh truyin thdng dan tpc, chilu

ddi lich su: "Vdn hda Vipt Nam la thdnh qua hang nghin ndm lao ddng sang tgo, dau ttanh kien cudng dyng nude vd giii nude cua epng dong cac dan toe Vidt Nam, la ket qua giao luu va tiep thu tinh hoa eua nhieu nen van minh the gidi...

Van hda Vidt Nam da hun due ndn tam hdn, kM phdch, ban Imh Vi^t Nam, lam rang rd heh sfi ve vang cua ddn tpc" [4, tt.4D]. Van hda ngay nay con la mdt linh vye eua kinh tl, phat ttiln van hoa, cdng nghiep van hda la mgt nganh san xuat mang lgi lgi nhuan cao. Suy den cimg, mgi sy phat triln diu phai hudng din cd nhdn vd edng ddng vdi nhfing chudn muc nhdn van, tidn bd (con ngudi, xa hdi van hda). Do do, Dai hdi XII Ddng ta nhdn manh "Xay dyng nen vdn hda vd eon ngudi Vidt Nam phat trien todn didn, hudng ddn ehdn - tMen - my, thdm nhudn tinh thdn dan tpc, nhdn vdn, dan ehu va khoa hpc. Van hoa thue sy ttd thanh nin tang tinh thdn viing chac cua xd hdi, la sfic manh ndi smh quan ttpng bdo dam sy phat trien ben vfing va bao ve vung ehae Td qude vi myc tieu dan gidu, nude manh, ddn ehu, cdng bdng, van minh" [9, tt. 126].

Sdu la, tiep tuc ddi m&i tu duy, ddt m&i to chiic, ca che, chinh sdch, tgo moi tru&ng thugn lgi, qudn ly kinh ti - xd hgi mdt cdch khoa hgc, minh bgch vd di cao trdch nhiem gidi trinh di ddt nu&c phdt triin nhanh vd bin vimg. Kip thdi thao gd nhiing khd khan, vudng mac nham khai ddy mpi tidm nang cua ddt nude, xda bd eac rao can, ca ehl kim hSm sdn xudt kinh doanh dl huy dpng cac ngudn luc vdt ehdt tinh thdn ttong nhdn ddn. Tinh thdn ddi mdi va phdt trien dugc Dgi hpi XII de cap vdi quan dilm: xdy dyng mdt nha nude eua ddn, do dan, vi ddn, mdt nhd nude

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TAP CHl KHOA HQC VA C Q N G NGHg - S 6 11 - T R U C N G BAI HOC PHAM V A N P Q N G

kiln tao va phdt tiiln, mdt nha nude phue vy, "Mgi du&ng loi chit truang cua Bdng, chinh sdch, phdp ludt cua Nhd nu&c phdi xudt phdt tie nguyin vgng. quyen vd lgi ich chinh ddng cua ngic&i ddn..." [9, tt. 169].

Cdc dpng lyc ttdn tao thdnh mdt hp ddng lyc tdng hpp tac ddng ldn nhau, thuc ddy tiln trinh ddi mdi va hdi nhap qude te cua ddt nude, ttong do, ddi m&i vd hdi nhgp qude te Id dgng luc tdng qudt thdc ddy sy phdt ttiln ddt nude nhanh va ben vfing Men nay.

3. KET LUA^N

Nhu vdy, nhdn thuc diing ddng lyc dl phdt triln ddt nude ludn dugc Dang Cpng sdn Viet Nam quan tam, ddc biet ttong thdi ky ddi mdi toan dien ddt nude.

Ddng ta ngay cang nhgn thuc dung edc nhdn to ddng luc, tao thdnh dpng lye tdng hgp eho sy phat tridn ddt nude, nham hudng tdi xay dung mdt nude Viet Nam

"Ddn giau, nude manh, dan chu, edng bdng, van minh".

Nhin tdng thi, qua 30 nam ddi mdi,

"ddt nude ta da dat dugc nhfing thanh tyu to ldn, cd y ngMa heh su; ddng thdi ciing cdn nhilu vdn dk ldn, phuc tap, nMiu han ehe yeu kem cdn phdi tgp trung gidi quyet, khdc phyc dd tilp tye dua ddt nude phat triln nhanh va bin vung hem" [8, tt.l6].

Nhung nam tdi, tinh hinh thi gidi va khu vue cdn nhidu didn bien phfic tap tde dgng trye tilp din nude ta, tao ra ed thdi va thach thfie. De tan dung, phat huy tdt nhat thdi CO, thudn lgi, vugt qua khd thach thfie, hem liic ndo hit, chfing ta can phai ddi mdi tu duy, hodn tMen the ehl, cac ccr chi chinh sach, thao gd nhiing khd kh5n, vudng mde dd khoi day nhiing tiem ndng, nhiing ngudn lye cua ddt nude, tao ra ddng lyc mdi eho qua trinh ddi mdi va hpi nhgp Men nay.

TAI LI$U THAM KHAO

[1] Hiin phdp nu&c Cdng hoa xd hdi chu nghia Viit Nam, NXB Chinh tri qude gia. Ha Npi, 2013.

[2] Hpc vipn Chinh tri - Hanh ehinh qude gia Hd Chi Mioh, Qud trinh ddi m&i tu duy ly ludn cua Bdng tic ndm 1986 din nay, NXB Chinh tri qude gia, Ha Npi, 2011.

[3] Dang Cong san Viet Nam, Vdn kiin Bgi hdi dgi bieu todn qude ldn thu VII. NXB CMnh tti qude gia, HdNdi, 1991.

[4] Dang Cdng san Viet Nam, Vdn kien Hgi nghi ldn thie 5 Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang khoa VIII, NXB CMnh tri qude gia. Ha Ndi, 1998.

[5] Dang Cgng san Viet Nam, Vdn kiin Bgi hgi dgi biiu todn qude ldn thu IX, NXB CMnh tli qufic gia. Ha Ngi, 2001.

[6] Ddng Cdng sdn Viet Nam, Vdn kiin Bgi hgi Bdng th&i ky Bdi m&i (Bgi hgi VI, VU, VIII VQ, NXB CMnh tti qu6c gia, Hd Npi, 2005.

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_ TAP CHi KHOA HOC VA C 6 N G N G H E - S 6 11 - T R U O N G P A I HQC PHAM VAN P 6 N G

[7] Ddng Cgng sdn Viet Nam, Van kien Bai hgi dgi bieu todn qude ldn thii- X, NXB Chinh tri qude gia. Ha Ndi, 2006.

[8] Dang Cpng san Viet Nam, Vdn kien Bgi hgi dgi biiu todn qude ldn thu XI, NXB Chinh tri qude gia, Hd N^i, 2011.

[9] Dang Cdng san Viet Nam, Vdn kiin Bgi hdi dgi biiu todn qude ldn thu XII, Van phong Trung uong Dang, Ha Npi, 2016.

[10] Dang Cgng sdn Viet Nam, Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang Ddng, Ban chi dao tdng kit, Bdo edo tdng kit mot vdn de ly ludn - thi^c tiin qua 30 ndm ddi m&i (1986 -2016), NXB CMnh tii quoe gia. Ha Ndi, 2016.

VIEWPOINT OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF VIETNAM ON NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT MOTIVATION IN THE INNOVATION PERIOD

Nguyen Manh Chung', Nguyen Viet Khoa' ABSTRACT

Motivation for development of Vietnam is motivating factors for individual and collective action, is an important content always mentioned by the Communist Party of Vietnam in many Congresses. To systematically outline the viewpoint of the Party on the motivation of national development in the innovation period, the author analyzes the Party's viewpoint on motivation for national development through Congresses from 1986 to present. On that basis, the article also indicates position, role of motives constituting a general motive force for promoting the cause of innovation and international integration of Vietnam at present.

Keywords: The Party's viewpoint, development motivation, innovation period C3Bi)

^Khoa Lieh su Dang Cgng san Vidt Nam, Trudng Dai hpc Chinh hi, Bp Qude phong;

Email: manhchungl975@gmaiLeom