1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The main purpose of students study in higher education is to acquire expertise and knowledge in their chosen field. To accomplish this, students are expected to read and search about literature and present their own ideas and the ideas of others’ in their assignments related to their field. In order to present the
ideas effectively and efficiently, the students must have good writing skills.
Moreover, one of the requirements to pursue degree, they should write a research which is categorized as academic writing. As stated by Oshima and Hogue
(2007:39), academic writing normally requires that you support your ideas and opinions with facts, statistics, quotations, and similar kinds of information. You get these kinds of supporting detail from outside sources such as books, magazines,
newspaper, websites, personal interviews, and so on. Therefore, students are expected not only to present original work and demonstrate wide reading but also
to reference and incorporate the views of experts in the field of study into their essays.
In order to do this correctly, students need to follow the academic rules for
referencing and acknowledging sources. Ignoring the rules, students may be found guilty of plagiarism due to claiming the words, ideas, or research of other people to
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and pasting other studies or ideas and taking credit for it. By committing plagiarism, there is a high risk that students’ paper will be rejected.
Since students should be aware of the consequences of plagiarism, learning how to acknowledge or quote sources seems to be necessary for them. Quotation sources itself means words that are quoted from someone else’s work or own
published work (Publication Manual, 2003, p.117). One of the rules of quoting
sources is about the technique of quoting sources. According to Oshima and Hogue, (2007:41), there are three ways to insert outside information into your own writing: you can quote it, summarize it, or paraphrase it. Similarly, Monipally and Panwar (2010), say that there are three kinds of quoting other’s words in academic
writing; those are quoting by copying exactly the original text of the idea, quoting
an idea but display it into our own words, and quoting idea but only display the general idea of it. In other words, it can be concluded that there are two techniques that students can use: direct quotes (someone else’s words) and indirect quotes
(paraphrase and summary).
Quotation of sources usually appears in academic writing such as: paper,
thesis, book, journal, essay, etc. In this study, the focus was directed to thesis chapter II of thesis writers in English Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang. Students may find themselves accidentally committing plagiarism because
of the lack of understanding about quotation. This kind of problem may cause them expelled from the university. Surely, it causes bad effects both for the students and
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Due to the fact that quotation of sources is significant, there are some studies related to it. One of them was conducted by Arbib and Yaari (2004) from
Bar-Ilan University of Israel which is entitled “Printed Versus Internet Plagiarism: A Study of Students’ Perception.” The result of Arbib and Yaari’s study shows that
students perceive plagiarism offenses from online sources as significantly less dishonest than similar offenses using printed sources. Most respondents believed they were able to determine whether the student’s version was or was not
consistent with accepted rules of citation. This indicates a poor knowledge of the accepted rules of citation. However, the researchers suggested that it is essential to perfect students’ insights regarding the ethical use of online information, teach
them how to cite internet sources properly, explain the importance of protecting
intellectual property rights. By doing so, universities can reduce the extent of plagiarism, and particularly internet plagiarism, committed by students.
Another study was conducted by Yu-Chih Sun (2012) from National Chiao Tung University of Taiwan which is entitled “Does Text Readability Matter? A
Study of Paraphrasing and Plagiarism in English as a Foreign Language Writing Context.” In Yu-Chih Sun’s research, the result shows that students tend to do
more paraphrasing from the high-readability text than the low-readability text. Regarding students’ perception of plagiarism and paraphrasing, the result which
used 97 participants showed that close to half of the participants (46%) considered themselves to have clear understanding of plagiarism, but fewer of them (35%)
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source in their own words and even more of them (73%) were concerned about unintentional violation of this academic code.
Based on several previous studies above, quotation of sources is obviously important in academic writing. Realizing that, the researcher conducted a research which is entitled “Quoting Techniques Used by Thesis Writers in English
Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang”. In the previous studies, the
researchers focus on students’ perception on printed and internet plagiarism and also the influence of a text that has different level of vocabulary difficulty and syntactic complexity (low and high readability text) on students in paraphrasing
words. Therefore, this study is different from the previous studies since it focuses on quoting with all its techniques in detail. This study analyses whether thesis
writers in English Department use techniques of quotation in quoting words in their thesis chapter II or not. Also, it is to find out what motives or factors that influence the students using the techniques.
1.2 Problem of the Study
This research is intended to discuss some research problems as follows: 1. What are the techniques of quoting used by thesis writers in English
Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang?
2. What is the dominant technique of quoting used by thesis writers in English Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang?
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1.3 Purposes of the Study
The problem of this study raises purposes of study below:
1. To describe the techniques of quoting used by thesis writers in English
Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
2. To identify the dominant technique of quoting used by thesis writers in English Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
3. To identify the reasons why thesis writers in English Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang use the techniques.
1.4 Scope and Limitation
This study of quoting covers a lot of aspects. It needs to be set in order to
avoid misunderstanding. Considering the identification of problem, the research focuses on the point discussion toward the techniques of quoting sources.
The limitation of this study concerns only on thesis chapter II of thesis writers in English Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang. Among
other chapters, chapter II is more likely a chapter where the students put a lot of other’s idea to support their writing due to it consist of review of related literature.
Also, the students are specified by those who are accomplishing the thesis in the
time of this research. In Addition, its limitation is in describing the techniques of quoting and identifying the reasons why thesis writers in English Department of
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1.5 Significance of the Study
This research is expected to be able to give contribution reference to several circumstances as follows:
English Department Students
Thesis is required to accomplish one of the requirements for Sarjana degree. Since quoting of expert’s words has an important role in emphasizing the
students’ idea, this study can be assumed to be an available reference due to it
offers an understanding and some techniques of quoting. Therefore, students are
able to enlarge and enrich their knowledge about quotation. Lecturers
Teaching writing is dealing with the methods, strategies, and procedures.
Based on this research, one of cases in academic writing is how we quote sources, as we called “quotation” and the techniques of it to avoid plagiarism. Considering
that, it gives contribution to the lecturers in teaching writing, especially related to the ways of quoting. Therefore, the same mistakes would not happen again in the future time.
Other Researchers
This research can be a reference for the following research related to
quotation.
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
To avoid some misunderstanding, some key terms used in this research are defined:
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Material directly quoted from another author’s work or from one’s own
previously published work, material duplicated from a test item, and verbatim
instructions to participants should be reproduced word for word (Publication Manual, 5th edition, 2003, p.117).
b. Plagiarism
Plagiarism is best defined as a deliberate activity-as the conscious copying
from the work of others (Swales and Feak, 2001, p.125). c. Paraphrase
When you repeat another author’s ideas in your own words to simplify or
clarify it, you are paraphrasing (Toby Fulwiler, 2002, p.141). d. Summary
Summarizing a text is to state the work’s main ideas and key points simply,
QUOTING TECHNIQUES USED BY THESIS WRITERS IN ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
THESIS
Compiled by: KUKUH SUMADI
201110100311301
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TRAINING TEACHING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
QUOTING TECHNIQUES USED BY THESIS WRITERS IN ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree In English Education
Compiled by: KUKUH SUMADI
201110100311301
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TRAINING TEACHING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
This thesis written by Kukuh Sumadi was approved on November 11, 2015
By:
Advisor I Advisor II
This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang
and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
on November 11, 2015.
Approved by:
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Examiners:
1. Bayu H. Wicaksono, S.Pd., M.Ed., Ph.D. 2. Riski Lestiono, S.Pd., M.A.
3. Puji Sumarsono, M.Pd.
ORIGINALITY DECLARATION
The undersigned:
Name : Kukuh Sumadi
Student ID number : 201110100311301
Program of Study : English Department
Faculty : Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
I declare the work presented in this thesis was carried out by myself and does not
incorporate without acknowledment any material previously submitted for a degree or diploma in any university. To the best of my knowledge, this thesis does not contain any materials previously published or written by another person where due reference
is made in the text.
Malang, November 11,2015
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO
VENI, VIDI, VICI
DEDICATION Dedicated with love to:
The writer’s deepest love and beloved parent
(Edy Misran and Senemi) The writer’s beloved brothers
(Budi Laksono and Achmad Syaifudin) Thanks for all advices and spirit
The writer’s beloved sisters
(Aan Misriani and Siti Rohma) The writer’s beloved best friend
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
All the praise to Allah SWT the Lord of universe, for the health and strength to finish this thesis. Peace and blessing be upon the most honorable Messenger and his
followers, the prophet Muhammad SAW, the greatest man who changes the world from the darkness to the lightness.
The writer would like to express the deepest gratitude to his lovely parents, Mr.
Edy Misran and Mrs. Senemi, for their motivations, supports, prayers, full finance during his study and the process of finishing this study and all contribution in the writer’s life lovingly.
This study also could not be completed without a great deal of help from many
people, especially Mr. Puji Sumarsono, M.Pd. and Mr. Dian Arsitades W., M.Pd., as the writer’s thesis advisors, whose every guidance, support, patience, and
encouragement from the first to the final level enable the writer to understand the subject. May Allah bless, protect them and their family.
The deepest gratitude goes to those who helped the writer to finish this study:
1. All the writer’s lecturers in English Department who have taught the writers many things from the first semester until the end of the semester.
2. The writer’s beloved brothers, sisters and best friend, Aan Misriani, Achmad
3. The writer’s friends, the students of F class 2011 and Translation class, for their shared memories, their laughs, their support, their love, their soul
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL ... Error! Bookmark not defined. LEGALIZATION ... Error! Bookmark not defined. MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... vi ORIGINALITY DECLARATION ... v ABSTRACT ... Error! Bookmark not defined. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ... ix LIST OF FIGURES ... xi LIST OF TABLES ... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.2 Problem of the Study ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.3 Purposes of the Study ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.4 Scope and Limitation ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.5 Significance of the Study ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.6 Definition of Key Terms ... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER I REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
3.1 Research Design ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.2 Research Object ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.3 Research Instrument ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.3.1 Document Analysis ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.3.2 Interview ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4 Data Collection ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.5 Data Analysis ... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Research Findings ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.1.1 Techniques of Quoting Used by Thesis Writers in English Department of
University of Muhammadiyah Malang . Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.1.2 The Dominant Technique of Quoting Used by Thesis Writers in English
Department of University of Muhammadiyah MalangError! Bookmark not defined.
4.1.3 The Reasons of Thesis Writers in English Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang Used the Techniques ....Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2 Discussion ... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
LIST OF FIGURES
REFERENCES
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