دﺮﺧ و نﺎﺟ ﺪﻧواﺪﺧ مﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ
ناور ﯽﺼﺼﺨﺗ ﻪﯾﺮﺸﻧ رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
ي
ﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ - ﯽ
ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﯽ ﻤﻠﻋ ﻦﻤﺠﻧا ﯽ
رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ي اﯾ
ناﺮ 1393 رﺎﻬﺑ - 1 هرﺎﻤﺷ - مود هرود
ﺘﻣا ﺐﺣﺎﺻ• ﯿ
زﺎ : ﻤﻠﻋ ﻦﻤﺠﻧا ﯽ
رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ي اﯾ ناﺮ
ﺪﻣ• ﯾ ﺴﻣ ﺮ ﺆ لو ﺮﯿﺑدﺮﺳ و :
بﺎﻨﮑﺸﺧ ﯽﺣﻼﻓ دﻮﻌﺴﻣ ﺮﺘﮐد
ﺪﻣ• ﯾ ﺮ ﯽﯾاﺮﺟا : ﯽﺨﯿﺷ ﺎﺿرﺪﻤﺤﻣ
ﻧاوﺮﭘ هرﺎﻤﺷ• رﺎﺸﺘﻧا ﻪ
ﯽﻣﻼﺳا دﺎﺷرا ترازو :
34702 / 91 خرﻮﻣ 16 / 11 / 1391
ﺑ هرﺎﻤﺷ• ﯿ ﻦ ﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﯽ ﺮﺸﻧ ﯾ ﻪ ﯽﭘﺎﭼ ) Print-ISSN (
: -2501 2345 خرﻮﻣ 16 / 4 / 1392
ﺑ هرﺎﻤﺷ• ﯿ ﻦ ﺮﺸﻧ ﯽﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﯾ
ﻧوﺮﺘﮑﻟا ﻪ ﯿ ﯽﮑ ) e-ISSN ( : -2528 2345 خرﻮﻣ 16 / 4 / 1392
ياراد• ﺪﺼﮑﯾ زا ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﺒﺗر و
ﻦﯿﻤﻫد ﯾﺮﺸﻧ نﻮﯿﺴﻤﮐ ﻪﺴﻠﺟ ﻠﻋ تﺎ
رﻮﺸﮐ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮ :
هرﺎﻤـﺷ ﻪﺑ 511
/ 100
خرﻮﻣ 27 / 3 / 1392
ارﻮﺷ• ي ﻮﻧ ﯾ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴ
) ﺎﺒﻔﻟا فوﺮﺣ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ
:(
سرﺪﻣ ﺖﯿﺑﺮﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ شزﻮﻣآ رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد ،ﯽﻧﺎﺤﻟا ﻪﻤﻃﺎﻓ ﺮﺘﮐد- ﺮﻬﺷﻮﺑ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،ﯽﻨﯾﺮﺤﺑ دﻮﻌﺴﻣ ﺮﺘﮐد- ز رﺎﻣآ رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،نﺎﯾﺮﻠﮕﯿﺑ ﺮﺒﮐا ﺮﺘﮐد- ﯽﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ و ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺰﻬﺑ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﺘﺴﯾ
نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،ﯽﺘﻨﺟ ﻪﻟاﺪﯾ ﺮﺘﮐد- - ﯽﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ و ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺰﻬﺑ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ناور رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد ،ﯽﯾاﺪﺧ ﺎﺿرﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﮐد
ﯽﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ و ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺰﻬﺑ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﻧاور ﯽﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ دﺎﺘﺳا ،هاﻮﺧداد ﺮﻐﺻا ﺮﺘﮐد- - د جﻮﺳﺎﯾ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،لﺪﻌﻟاوذ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﮐ ﯽﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ و ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺰﻬﺑ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﺘﺴﯾز رﺎﻣآ رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد ،رﺬﮕﻫر يﺪﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﮐد- زاﻮﻫا رﻮﭘﺎﺷ يﺪﻨﺟ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،عراز شرﻮﮐ ﺮﺘﮐد- ﺳﺮﭘ شزﻮﻣآ رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،حاﺪﻣ ﺮﻗﺎﺑﺪﯿﺳ تادﺎﺳ ﺮﺘﮐد- ﯽﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ و ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺰﻬﺑ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘ
- ناﺮﻬﺗ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد ،ﯽﻤﻃﺎﻓﺪﯿﺳ ﻪﻤﯿﻌﻧ ﺮﺘﮐد
زاﺮﯿﺷ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور دﺎﺘﺳا ،ﻒﯾﺮﺷ هﺪﻨﺧﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﮐد- ناﺪﻤﻫ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،ﯽﯾﺎﺴﻤﺷ ﺪﯿﺷﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﮐد- ،ﯽﻤﻐﯿﺿ ﺎﺿر ﺮﺘﮐد- ﻦﯾوﺰﻗ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا
ﻪﯿﻘﺑ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﺣاﺮﺟ ﯽﻠﺧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،يدﺎﺒﻋ سﺎﺒﻋ ﺮﺘﮐد - ﻢﻈﻋﻻا ﷲا
) ﺞﻋ
( ﯽﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ و ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺰﻬﺑ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ناور رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد ،ﯽﯾاﺪﻓ ﺪﺑﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﮐد- رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد ،بﺎﻨﮑﺸﺧ ﯽﺣﻼﻓ دﻮﻌﺴﻣ ﺮﺘﮐد- ﯽﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ و ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺰﻬﺑ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور
- ﯽﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ و ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺰﻬﺑ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷ ناور دﺎﺘﺳا ،ﯽﻧﺎﺧﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻪﻧاوﺮﭘ ﺮﺘﮐد
سرﺪﻣ ﺖﯿﺑﺮﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﺣاﺮﺟ ﯽﻠﺧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد ،يﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﯽﺴﯿﻋ ﺮﺘﮐد- اﺮﻬﺗ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،دادﺮﻬﻣ اﺪﻧ ﺮﺘﮐد- ن
ناﺮﯾا رﻮﺘﺳﺎﭘ ﻮﺘﯿﺘﺴﻧا رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،ﯽﻣﻮﺠﻧ ﯽﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﮐد- - ناﺪﻫاز ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد هروﺎﺸﻣ رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،نﺎﯾﺪﯾﻮﻧ ﯽﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﮐد ناﺮﻬﺗ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﺣاﺮﺟ ﯽﻠﺧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ دﺎﺘﺳا ،يدﺎﺑآﺮﺼﻧ ﺖﺨﺒﮑﯿﻧ ﺎﺿﺮﯿﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﮐد - ﻬﺑ ﺪﯿﻬﺷ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد ،ﯽﯾﺎﻤﻐﯾ هﺪﯾﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﮐد-
ﯽﺘﺸ -
زاﺮﯿﺷ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ،ﺐﻠﻃﺎﺘﮑﯾ دازﺮﻬﺷ ﺮﺘﮐد
وﯾ• ﻠﮕﻧا رﺎﺘﺳاﺮ ﯿ
ﺴ ﯽ : ﺮﺘﮐد ﯽﻣﻮﺠﻧ ﯽﻠﻋ
وﯾ• ﺳرﺎﻓ رﺎﺘﺳاﺮ ﯽ
: ﯽﺨﯿﺷ ﺎﺿرﺪﻤﺤﻣ
ﭽﻓوﺮﺣ• ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ و ارآ ﯽﯾ : ﯽﻠﮐﻮﺗ قدﺎﺻ سﺪﻨﻬﻣ
ﺮﻃ• ا ﺪﻠﺟ ح : ﯽﻠﮐﻮﺗ قدﺎﺻ سﺪﻨﻬﻣ
ﺮﺷﺎﻧ• : ﻤﻠﻋ ﻦﻤﺠﻧا ﯽ
رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ي اﯾ ناﺮ
ﻧﺎﺸﻧ• ﯽ : ﺗ -ناﺮﻬ ﻣﯿ ﺣﻮﺗ ناﺪ - ﯿﺪ
رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ي
ﺎﻣﺎﻣ و ﯽﯾ ناﺮﻬﺗ
ﮐ• ﺘﺴﭘﺪ ﯽ : 1419733171 ،
ﺘﺴﭘ قوﺪﻨﺻ ﯽ
: 398 / 14195 ، ﻦﻔﻠﺗ و ﺑﺎﻤﻧ ﺮ:
66592535
e-mail: [email protected] , Website: http://ijpn.ir هرﺎﻤﺷ ﻦﯾا ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ناروﺎﺸﻣ•
) ﺎﺒﻔﻟا فوﺮﺣ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ
:(
ﯽﻤﯿﻫاﺮﺑا ﻦﯿﺴﺣ ﺮﺘﮐد ﻌﺴﻣ ﺮﺘﮐد ﯽﻨﯾﺮﺤﺑ دﻮ
نﺎﯾﺮﻠﮕﯿﺑ ﺮﺒﮐا ﺮﺘﮐد ﯽﻤﺷﺎﻫ ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﻦﺴﺣ ﺮﺘﮐد ﯽﻧﺎﮐدرا ﯽﯾاﺪﺧ ﺎﺿرﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﮐد رﻮﭘ ﯽﻧاور ﻢﯾﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﮐد يﻮﮔ هر ﻞﻀﻔﻟاﻮﺑا يﺎﻗا ﻮﻠﭽﯾرﺎﺳ ﻢﯿﻫاﺮﺑا يﺎﻗآ ﯽﺨﯿﺷ ﺎﺿر ﺪﻤﺤﻣ يﺎﻗا ﯽﻤﻐﯿﺿ ﺎﺿر ﺮﺘﮐد يدﺎﺒﻋ سﺎﺒﻋ ﺮﺘﮐد هداز سﺎﺒﻋ سﺎﺒﻋ ﺮﺘﮐد رﻮﯿﯿﻠﻋ دﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﮐد يﺪﺣﻮﻣﺮﺨﻓ ﯽﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﮐد ﯽﻤﺸﺘﺤﻣ ﻪﻠﯿﻤﺟ ﻢﻧﺎﺧ نﺎﯾﺪﯾﻮﻧ ﯽﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﮐد ﺐﻠﻃ ﺎﺘﮑﯾ دازﺮﻬﺷ ﺮﺘﮐد
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور هرود
2 ﺎﻤﺷ هر 1 رﺎﻬﺑ 1393 -71 63
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
ﯽﻧﺎﺧ ﯽﺴﻤﺷ ﻼﯿﻬﺳ ،1
ﯽﻧﺎﻫاﺮﻓ ﯽﻨﯿﻬﻣﺮﻓ دﻮﻟﻮﻣ
،2
ﯽﻧﺎﺧ ﯽﺴﻤﺷ ﻦﯿﻤﯿﺳ ﯽﻧﺎﺤﺒﺳ ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻣ ،3
4
هﺪﯿﮑﭼ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ : ﯽﻧاور تﻻﻼﺘﺧا ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﻊﯾﺎﺷ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺖﺳا
زا ﺶﯿﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺮﺸﻗ رد نآ عﻮﯿﺷ ﻪﮐ -10
46
% هﺪﺷ هدز ﻦﯿﻤﺨﺗ ﺖﺳا
.
ترﺎﻬﻣ رد توﺎﻔﺗ دﻮﺟو ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﻞﺣ ياﺮﺑ داﺮﻓا يﺎﻫ
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ناﺰﯿﻣ ، ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ نﺎﻧآ
ترﺎﻬﻣ رد ﺺﻘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا زا فﺪﻫ .
شور : ﺖﺳا ﯽﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻪﻤﯿﻧ عﻮﻧ زا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ
57 ﺮﻔﻧ زا يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻪﮐ
ياراد تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
،ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ هوﺮﮔ ود ﻪﺑ ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ )
30 ﺮﻔﻧ ( و ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ) 27 ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ .
رد ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﺷزﻮﻣآ تﺎﺴﻠﺟ ،ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ هوﺮﮔ ياﺮﺑ
ﯽﺻﺎﺧ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ هوﺮﮔ ياﺮﺑ ،ﺪﺷ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ ﻪﺘﻔﻫرد رﺎﺑ ود و ﻪﺴﻠﺟ ﺖﻔﻫ ﺮﮕﻧ اﺮﺟا
ﺪﯾد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺖﺴﺗ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﮏﯾ ادﺪﺠﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ ، ياﺮﺑ ﮏﺑ
ﺪﺷ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا هوﺮﮔ ود ﺮﻫ .
تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا يروآدﺮﮔ ﯽﻠﺻا راﺰﺑا ﯽﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﯿﻌﻤﺟ
دﻮﺑ ﮏﺑ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺖﺴﺗ و .
ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ هداد
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يﺎﻫ شور رﺎﻣآ
ي يﺎﮐ ﺮﺋﻮﮑﺳا و ﯽﺗ و ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﯽﺗ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ درﻮﻣ ﯽﺟوز .
ﺎﯾ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓ : زا ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ هوﺮﮔ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ 8/
14 ﻪﺑ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ 7/
12 ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ
ﺖﻓﺎﯾ . داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ هوﺮﮔ رد ار يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ )
05 /0
<
(p زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻦﯾﺪﺑ ؛ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ
ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا
ﯽﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺪﺑﺎﯾ
. ﻦﯾا ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و ﻞﺒﻗ ،ﺪﻫﺎﺷ هوﺮﮔ رد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻟﺎﺣ رد )
05 /0 P>
(
يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ :
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
ﯽﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا ترﺎﻬﻣ ﺖﻔﮔ ناﻮﺗ
ﻞﺣ ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ تﺪﺷ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ
ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﯽﻣ
دراﺬﮔ و شزﻮﻣآ ترﺎﻬﻣ ﻦﯾا ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ءﺎﻘﺗرا ﺢﻄﺳ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ر ﯽﻧاو نآ ﺎﻫ ددﺮﮔ . ترﺎﻬﻣ ﯽﺷزﻮﻣآ يﺎﻫ سﻼﮐ و ﺎﻫ هﺎﮔرﺎﮐ يراﺰﮔ ﺮﺑ
ﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻬﺟ رد ﺎﻫ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رد ﻪﻟﺎﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ء
و ناور ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ
تﺪﺷ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﯽﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ
ددﺮﮔ .
هژاو ﺪﯿﻠﮐ :
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ،ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ ،ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا .
ﺖﻓﺎﯾرد ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ :
16 /6 / 92 شﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ
: 25 /2 / 93
-1 ﺪﺷرا ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور
، هوﺮﮔ ناور
،يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
،يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
مﻮﻠﻋ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ
،كارا
،كارا ناﺮﯾا .
-2 ﺪﺷرا ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ
، هوﺮﮔ
،يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
،يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
مﻮﻠﻋ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ را
،كا
،كارا ناﺮﯾا ﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﯾﻮﻧ) وﺆ
ل .(
ﺖﺴﭘ ﯽﮑﯿﻧوﺮﺘﮑﻟا :
-3
،يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺪﺷرا ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﯽﻧﺎﻘﻟﺎﻃ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ
مﻮﻠﻋ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ
،كارا
،كارا ناﺮﯾا
..ناﺮﯾا،ناﺮﻬﺗ،ناﺮﻬﺗ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘمﻮﻠﻋهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد،يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هوﺮﮔ، يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺪﺷرا ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ -4
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ لﻼﺘﺧا ﮏﯾ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﯽﻧاور
ﯽﻌﯾﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺶﻨﺗ -ﯽﺣور
ﯽﻧاور ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ دراو ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ و داﺮﻓا ﻪﺑ ار ﯽﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ و
ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ
دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﺮﯿﻣ و گﺮﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا و ﯽﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ ،ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ .
)1 ( نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ياﺮﺑ لﺎﺳ ) 2020 ( ،ار ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا
ﺖﻠﻋ ﻦﯿﻣود ﺲﭘ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ هﺪﻤﻋ
زا يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ رد ،ﯽﺒﻠﻗ يﺎﻫ يﺎﻫ
ﺮﺳاﺮﺳ ﻬﺟ نﺎ ﺖﺳا هدﺮﮐ ﯽﻨﯿﺑ ﺶﯿﭘ ) .
2 .(
15 20-
% داﺮﻓا
لﺎﺴﮔرﺰﺑ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﺖﺳا ضراﻮﻋ و ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ يﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
ﺪﯾﺪﺷ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ار
زا دﻮﺧ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻨﻫد )3 ( و ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ) 12 (%
ﺖﯿﻌﻤﺟزا يﺎﻫرﻮﺸﮐ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﺸﯿﭘ
رد ﯽﻃ ﺮﻤﻋ دﻮﺧ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﺠﻟﺎﻌﻣ
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺪﯾﺪﺷ
ﻪﺑ نﺎﺼﺼﺨﺘﻣ ﯽﻧاور
ﻪﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ )4 (
رد يدﺪﻌﺘﻣ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ و ﻊﻣاﻮﺟ
ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ هدر ﯽﻨﺳ
طﺎﺒﺗرا رد
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا
و ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ شراﺰﮔ ﺰﯿﻧ ﯽﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
)5 - 6 .(
ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﯽﻓوﺮﻌﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ لﺎﺳ رد
) 1385 ( ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﻦﯾا ﺮﮕﻧﺎﯿﺑ
نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ رد ﺮﮕﯾد يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺷر نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ عﻮﯿﺷ ﺮﻄﺧ ضﺮﻌﻣ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ )5 ( ﻪﮐ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ
يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ
ت ﯽﻨﯾﺪﺑﺎﻋ ) 1383 ( رد ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﯽﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
ناﺮﯾا ﺎﺸﻧ ن ﯽﻣ ﺪﻫد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد هدﺮﺴﻓا
رد ﯽﺧﺮﺑ زا
هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ﺶﯿﺑ زا ) 60
%(
ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ )6 .(
ﺎﻨﺷآ ندﻮﺒﻧ يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ زا نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺎﺑ
ﻂﯿﺤﻣ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رد وﺪﺑ
،دورو ﯽﯾاﺪﺟ و يرود نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﯽﻧﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ
هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ زا
، ﯽﺑ
ﯽﮕﻗﻼﻋ ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺎﯾ مﺪﻋ ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد زا ﻪﺘﺷر
،ﯽﻠﯿﺼﺤﺗ
يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳﺎﻧ ا
نﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﯾد نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
، ﯽﻓﺎﮐ ندﻮﺒﻧ تﺎﻧﺎﮑﻣا ﯽﻫﺎﻓر
و يدﺎﺼﺘﻗا هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد زا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﯽﻠﻣاﻮﻋ ﺖﺳا ﻪﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﯽﺘﺣارﺎﻧو يﺎﻫ ﯽﻧاور ار ﻪﺑ دﻮﺟو دروآ ﺎﯾ ﺪﯾﺪﺸﺗ ﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﺪ
و ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺖﻓا دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد دﺮﮔ
د )6 .(
ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ نآ
ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ هوﺮﮔ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
، ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا دﻮﺧ صﺎﺧ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ
ﯽﻧاور و ﯽﺣور يﺎﻫرﺎﺸﻓ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ
نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ،
و ﻞﯾﺎﺴﻣ
ﻦﺷور ﯽﻠﻐﺷ هﺪﻨﯾآ زا يرادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ مﺪﻋ و نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﺰﯿﻧ
ﯿﺑ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻦﯿﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ و ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ وﺮﺑور رد نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺮﯾﺎﺳ زا ﺮﺘﺸ
ضﺮﻌﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﯽﻧاور ﺖﻣﻼﺳ نداد ﺖﺳد زا ﺮﻄﺧ )7
.(
ﯽﻨﯿﺴﺣ عﻮﯿﺷ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا لﻼﺘﺧا ار
رد نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد نﺎﺳاﺮﺧ
ﯽﺑﻮﻨﺟ ) 90
%(
و لﺎﺳ رد ﺰﯿﻧ ﯽﮕﯿﺑ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ 1387
ناﺰﯿﻣ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا
ار كارا ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد رد )3
/ 52 (%
ا هدﺮﮐ ﺮﮐذ ﺪﻧ
)9
، 10 .(
تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﯽﻨﯾﺪﺑﺎﻋ و ﯽﻓوﺮﻌﻣ
ﻪﯿﺻﻮﺗ ،
هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺐﯿﺳآ
ﺮﯾﺬﭘ رد نﺎﻤﻫ ﺳ لﺎ يﺎﻫ لوا
هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﺋﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ و تﺎﻣاﺪﻗا يﺮﯿﮕﺸﯿﭘ رد درﻮﻣ نآ ﺎﻫ اﺮﺟا
ددﺮﮔ -)6 5 .(
ﻪﻧﺎﺘﺨﺒﺷﻮﺧ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ
ﺸﯿﭘ ﮕ و يﺮﯿ
نﺎﻣرد ﺖﺳا ) 12
، 11 ( ﺎﺑ نﺎﻣرد ﻪﭼ ﺮﮔا ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺪﺿ يﺎﻫوراد
ﺮﺛﻮﻣ و ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﺳا
ﺎﻣا داﺪﻌﺗ ﻞﯾﺎﻤﺗ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻬﺟﻮﺗ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ناور تﻼﺧاﺪﻣ ﯽﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ
ﺪﻧراد ) 13 (.
ﺎﻄﻣ ﯽﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﻌﻟ فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ
نﺎﻣرد و لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ،
ﻪﻠﻤﺟ نا زا يﻮﻨﻌﻣ تﻼﺧاﺪﻣ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ
) و يراد هزور زﺎﻤﻧ
) ( 14 ( ناور تﻼﺧاﺪﻣ و ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد
) شزﻮﻣآ
ترﺎﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﺎﺑ دﺮﮑﯾور
،ﯽﻧآﺮﻗ ناور ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد ﻦﯿﺑ يدﺮﻓ
ﯽﻫوﺮﮔ هﺎﺗﻮﮐ
،تﺪﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﻦﻫذ
،ﯽﻫﺎﮔآ () 7 1،
15،16 ( و ﺐﻃ
ﻞﻤﮑﻣ ) ﻪﺤﯾار ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد ﯽﻗﺎﺸﻨﺘﺳا ( )8 1(
ﻪﮐ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ مﺎﻤﺗ ﻦﯾا
،تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺎﮐ ﺶﻫ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا شراﺰﮔ هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا . ﺖﯾﺰﻣ
ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ نﺎﻣرد شور ﺰﯿﻧ
و ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا نآ
نﺎﻣرد ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻢﻫ و ﯽﻤﺴﺟ يﺎﻫ
ﺑ ﺮﮕﯾد ﯽﻧاور ﻪ
ﯽﻣ رﺎﮐ دور .
ﺗ ﯽﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و يدﺮﻓ نﺎﻣرد ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ار نآ ناﻮ
ﺑ ﯽﻫوﺮﮔ ﺎﯾ ﻪ
رﺎﮐ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ . ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ وﺰﻧ و ﮏﺑ )
2008 ( ﺰﯿﻧ ﺪﯾﺆﻣ
ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺐﻠﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا ﯽﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد ناور لﻮﺻا دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ﻪﮐ
–
يرﺎﺘﻓر ﺰﯿﻧ ﺖﺳا ﺪﻨﻣدﻮﺳ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺶﻫﺎﮐ رد .
) 12
، 11 ( اﺮﯾز
ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ ثداﻮﺣ ﻦﯿﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻞﯾﺪﻌﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﮏﯾ
و ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ياز سﺮﺘﺳا ﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﻞﻤﻋ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﻢﺋﻼﻋ عوﺮﺷ
ﺪ.
ترﺎﻬﻣ ﻪﮐ يداﺮﻓا زا ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺪﻧراد ﯽﺑﻮﺧ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ يﺎﻫ
ترﺎﻬﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺪﻗﺎﻓ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﺴﮐ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا رﺎﺟد ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺎﻫ
.
) 19 ( ﯽﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﮏﯾ ﻪﺑ هرﺎﺷا ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ -
ار هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ و ﻞﯾﺪﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ زا ﯽﻋﻮﻨﺗ ﻪﮐ دراد يرﺎﺘﻓر ياﺮﺑ
ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ زﺎﺳ ﻞﮑﺸﻣ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺎﺑ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا نﺎﮑﻣا و
ﻞﯾﺪﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻦﯾﺮﺗﺮﺛﺆﻣ و ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻬﺑ ار
ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ) .
20 (
ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ تﺎﻬﺟ زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ زا ار ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ نآ ﺪﺷر ياﺮﺑ داﺮﻓا ﻪﺑ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻪﺑﺎﺜﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد و ﺎﻫ
ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ...
ﯽﻧﺎﺧ ﯽﺴﻤﺷ ﻼﯿﻬﺳ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور 65
هرود 2 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 رﺎﻬﺑ 1393
ﻌﯿﺳو ﻒﯿﻃ رد ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﻫ ﺖﯿﻌﻗﻮﻣ زا ﯽ
ﺖﺴﻧاد . يازرﺎﺸﻓ ﻊﯾﺎﻗو ﺎﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ داﺮﻓا ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻦﯾا ﯽﻃ
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺎﯾ ﻖﻠﺧ ،ﻒﺸﮐ ار ﯽﮔﺪﻧز )
19 .(
ﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ
ﺖﯿﺒﺜﺗ ﯽﺋﺎﻬﻧ فﺪﻫ ﮏﯾ ﺮﺑ ﺐﻠﻏا مدﺮﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا راﻮﺘﺳا ضﺮﻓ ﻦﯾا ﺮﮑﻔﺗ زا و ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ
ًﺎﻋﻮﻧ ﻪﮐ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫدﺮﺒﻫار درﻮﻣ رد
ار يدﺮﻓ ﻦﯿﺑ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ
،ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﻞﺣ و ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ
نآ يﺎﻫ شﻼﺗ
و ﺪﻣﺎﺠﻧا ﯽﻣ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ
ﺎﯾ يﺮﯿﮔ هرﺎﻨﮐو يﺪﯿﻣاﺎﻧ
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺎﯾ يﺮﮕﺷﺎﺧﺮﭘ نﺎﻧآ
دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ .) 21 (
ﺎﯿﻧ ﯽﻔﻄﻟ ) 1388 ( شزﻮﻣآ ﻪﮐ ،ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ
ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﯽﺷور ﺖﺳا ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا تﺪﺷ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ رد ﺮﺛﻮﻣ )
22 .(
شزﻮﻣآ ترﺎﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟاﻮﻣ رد ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ و ﺎﻫداﺪﯾور
سﺮﺘﺳا
و ﯽﻧاور ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ رد ﯽﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ يﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ ءﺎﻔﯾا ﯽﻧﺎﻤﺴﺟ
ﺪﻨﮐ و ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﯽﻧاور ﯽﺘﻗو ﺖﯿﻤﻫا دﻮﺧ ار نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻫد
، ﻪﮐ ﻪﺑ
يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ تﻻﻼﺘﺧا
ﯽﻧاور ﻢﯿﻨﮐ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ . ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا يﻻﺎﺑ عﻮﯿﺷ رد
يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد نﺎﯾز
رﺎﺑ يدﺮﻓ و ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟا ار هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ
ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺖﺷاد ﻪﮐ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺎﻫ ار رد ﺖﻬﺟ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯽﻣ نآ
ﺪﺒﻠﻃ ﺎﺑ. رد ﺮﻈﻧ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ار يﺎﻫرﺎﮑﻫ ءﺎﻘﺗرا
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﯽﻧاور نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
، ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ،
ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ
نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ .
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ شور ﻦﯾا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﮏﯾ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻪﻤﯿﻧ
لﺎﺳ رد ﻪ
1390 فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﯽﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛا شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ
نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد و
كارا ﯽﺋﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ
داﺪﻌﺗ 105 ﺮﻔﻧ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا . رد ﻦﯾا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
يﺮﯿﮔ عﻮﻧ زا ﺮﺳ يرﺎﻤﺷ
،دﻮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻦﯾا ترﻮﺻ ﻪﮐ ﻪﯿﻠﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﺴﮐ ﻪﮐ
يﺎﻫرﺎﯿﻌﻣ دورو
ﻪﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ار ﻨﺘﺷاد ﺪ درﻮﻣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
،ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗ
دورو يﺎﻫرﺎﯿﻌﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
يﺎﻫ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺑا مﺪﻋ ،ﺚﻧﺆﻣ ﺖﯿﺴﻨﺟ
ناور يﺎﻫوراد فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ مﺪﻋ ،ﯽﻧاور و ﯽﻤﺴﺟ ﻦﻣﺰﻣ نادﺮﮔ
ﺪﯾﺪﺷ يﺎﻫ ناﺮﺤﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟاﻮﻣ مﺪﻋ و ﻪﺟرد ناﺰﯾﺰﻋ گﺮﻣ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ
قﻼﻃ ،ﮏﯾ
، رﺎﻬﻇا ﻖﺒﻃ ﺮﻈﻧ
دﻮﺧ ﯽﻃ رد داﺮﻓا 6
ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ هﺎﻣ (
و
ﺮﺴﻓا هﺮﻤﻧ ﺐﺴﮐ ﻦﯿﺑ ﯽﮔد
) -10 30 ( دﻮﺑ . داﺪﻌﺗ ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ رد 57
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ هوﺮﮔ ود رد و ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﺐﺴﮐ ار ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺑ دورو ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺮﻔﻧ ) 27 ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ و ) 30 ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ .
راﺰﺑا يروآدﺮﮔ هداد ﺎﻫ
رد ﻦﯾا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ود ﺘﻤﺴﻗ ﯽ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو يﺎﻫ و يدﺮﻓ
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا سﺎﯿﻘﻣ دﻮﺑ
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو . يﺎﻫ يدﺮﻓ درﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺷ ﻞﻣﺎ
ﻦﺳ
، ﯽﻠﯿﺼﺤﺗ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ و ﻞﻫﺄﺗ ،ﺖﻧﻮﮑﺳ ﻞﺤﻣ ،
ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ لﺎﺴﻤﯿﻧ دﻮﺑ
. ياﺮﺑ يروآ ﻊﻤﺟ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا
ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ
ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﮏﺑ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا سﺎﯿﻘﻣ زا ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا .
ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﯾا ﻪﻣﺎﻧ
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا راﺰﺑا ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﺞﯾار ﺖﺳا
زا و 21 ﻪﯾﻮﮔ
و ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﮔاﺪﺟ ﺮﻫ
ﻪﯾﻮﮔ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ 4 ترﺎﺒﻋ و ﺖﺳا ﻪﺑ
ﺮﻫ ترﺎﺒﻋ ﺮﻤﻧ ه يﺎﻫ زا ﺮﻔﺻ ﺎﺗ 3 ﻖﻠﻌﺗ ﯽﻣ دﺮﯿﮔ و ، يﺎﻫﺪﺣاو
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﯽﻣ ﺖﺴﯾﺎﺑ رد ﺮﻫ درﻮﻣ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﮏﯾ ار ترﺎﺒﻋ ﺎﺨﺘﻧا ب
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ . رد يدراﻮﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺣاو ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺶﯿﺑ زا ترﺎﺒﻋ ﮏﯾ ار
بﺎﺨﺘﻧا دﻮﺑ هدﺮﮐ
، هﺮﻤﻧ ﯽﺗرﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﮐ زﺎﯿﺘﻣا يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﺷاد ﻪﺑ وا
ﻖﻠﻌﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ تﺎﺟرد. ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺮﺑ سﺎﺳا سﺎﯿﻘﻣ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا
ﮏﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻦﯾا ترﻮﺻ ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ يﺪﻨﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا : -9 0 ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺪﻗﺎﻓ
) ﻢﻟﺎﺳ (،
-24 10
،يزﺮﻣ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا -20
15 ،ﻒﯿﻔﺧ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا -30
21 دﺮﺴﻓا ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﯽﮔ
، -40 31
،ﺪﯾﺪﺷ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا -63
41
ﺪﯾﺪﺷ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا )6
(.
راﺪﻘﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻤﻫ ﯽﻧورد ﻦﯾا ﺶﺳﺮﭘ
ﻪﻣﺎﻧ رد تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ يﺮﮑﺸﻟ رﻮﭘ و نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺑ ﺎ 8/
0 ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ )
24 ( ﯽﻨﯾﺪﺑﺎﻋو و نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﺰﯿﻧ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ﯽﯾﺎﯾﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ار نآ
ﯽﯾﺎﻣآزﺎﺑ شور 7/
0 شراﺰﮔ هدﺮﮐ ﺪﻧا )6 (.
ﺦﺳﺎﭘ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻮﮔ
ﯾ ﺴﮑﯾ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﺧاﻮﻨﮑﯾ و نﺎ
تﻻاﺆﺳ ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ، ﺪﺣاو نﺎﻣز ﮏﯾ رد ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ )
رد و ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﻞﯾاوا
مﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﺢﺒﺻ ( ﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رﺎﯿﺘﺧا رد ﻪﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺖ
دﻮﺷ ﻞﯿﻤﮑﺗ ﯽﺷراﺰﮔدﻮﺧ ترﻮﺻ .
و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ زا ﺲﭘ ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ
و ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا
، داﺪﻌﺗ 57 زا ﺮﻔﻧ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻪﮐ يداﺮﻓا
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد دورو )
ﻦﯿﺑ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا هﺮﻤﻧ -10
30 ( دﺮﮐ ﺐﺴﮐ ار ه
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ هوﺮﮔ ود رد ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ، ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
) 27 ﺮﻔﻧ ( و ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ
) 30 ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ .
ﺲﭘ زا ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ هوﺮﮔ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ تﺎﺴﻠﺟ
و ﺪﯾﺮﻓ ﺪﻠﮔ يﻮﮕﻟا ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻖﺒﻃ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ شزﻮﻣآ نﻮﺳﺪﯾﻮﯾد ﺪﺷ راﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﻞﯾذ حﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ
1 . يﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯿﮔ ﺖﻬﺟ
ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ، 2.
و ﻒﯿﺻﻮﺗ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ يﺪﻨﺑ ترﻮﺻ
، 3 . ﻞﯾﺪﺑ ﻞﺣ هار ﻪﺋارا
،
4.
يﺮﯿﮔ ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ ،
5.
ﺖﺳا ﯽﻨﯿﺑ زﺎﺑو ﻞﺣ هار اﺮﺟا .
نآ زا ﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ زا فﺪﻫ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﺟ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎ
ﻞﮑﺸﻣ
، و ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺮﯿﮔ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﺳا ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ ذﺎﺨﺗا
ﺷ ﯽﻣ عوﺮﺷ ﻞﮑﺸﻣ ﮏﯾ حﺮﻃ ﺎﺑ تﺎﺴﻠﺟ ﺪ
. ﻦﯾا تﺎﺴﻠﺟ ﻪﺑ
ﺪﯾﺪﺣﻼﺻ ناور سﺎﻨﺷ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ 7 ﻪﺴﻠﺟ -45 30 و يا ﻪﻘﯿﻗد 2
ﻪﺘﻔﻫ رد رﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ
ﯽﻫوﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ ﺪﺷ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ
. ياﺮﺑ تﺪﻣ ﻦﯾا رد
هوﺮﮔ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
، ﺖﻓﺮﮕﻧ ترﻮﺻ يا ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﻫ ﮏﯾ
نﺎﯾﺎﭘ زا ﺲﭘ ﻪﺘﻔ
ﺮﻫ ياﺮﺑ ادﺪﺠﻣ ،ﺪﺣاو نﺎﻣز ﮏﯾ رد شزﻮﻣآ ﺖﺴﺗ هوﺮﮔ ود
ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﮏﺑ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا .
ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﯾﺎﻋر تﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ زا ﯽﻗﻼﺧا
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد قﻼﺧا ﻪﺘﯿﻤﮐ
كارا ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺪﺷ ﺐﺴﮐ مزﻻ زﻮﺠﻣ
و ﺲﭙﺳ
ﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ مﺎﺠﻧا زا فﺪﻫ ،ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ دﻮﺧ ﯽﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺎﺑ
نﺎﯿﺑ ار ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ دﺮﮐ
و نﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﻪﻧﺎﻣﺮﺤﻣ درﻮﻣ رد ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ
ﺪﺷ ﺐﻠﺟ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ نﺎﻨﯿﻤﻃا ،تﺎﻋﻼﻃا .
ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد ﺖﯾﺎﺿر
ﯽﺒﺘﮐ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔآ نﺎﻧآ زا
و ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﺬﺧا ﻪﺑ
نﺎﻧآ ﻪﯿﺻﻮﺗ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ
ﻪﮐ رد ترﻮﺻ ﻞﯾﺎﻤﺗ مﺪﻋ ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﺪﻨﻨﮑﻧ و
ﺎﯾ ﺮﻫ نﺎﻣز ﺪﻨﻫاﻮﺨﺑ ﻪﮐ زا
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ جرﺎﺧ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ . ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ
ﻣ ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﯽﻗﻼﺧا تﺎﻈﺣﻼ هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﺒﻟﺎﻄﻣ
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا ،
هوﺮﮔ داﺮﻓا رﺎﯿﺘﺧا رد حﺮﻃ نﺎﯾﺎﭘ رد هوﺰﺟ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
ﺰﯿﻧ
ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷاﺬﮔ .
ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ و ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﺎﻫ هداد ﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ
ﯽﻔﯿﺻﻮﺗ رﺎﻣآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ وSPSS ،
ود يﺎﮐ ﯽﺗ ﯽﻠﯿﻠﺤﺗ رﺎﻣآ و
ﯽﺟوز ﯽﺗ و ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا
.
ﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺎ عﻮﻤﺠﻣ رد 118
ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ . 57 ﺮﻔﻧ )3 / 48 (%
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا هﺮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ زا 10)
-
30 هوﺮﮔ ود ﻪﺑ ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ و ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد( ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ
) 30 ﺮﻔﻧ ( و
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ) 27 ( ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ .
ﻦﯿﺑ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﻦﺳ 18
ﺎﺗ 25
دﻮﺑ لﺎﺳ . ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﯽﻨﺳ هوﺮﮔ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ )6 /1 03± / 21 ( و هوﺮﮔ
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ) 69 /0 41± / 20 ( ﺖﺳا هدﻮﺑ .
فﻼﺘﺧا يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ
ود ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ هوﺮﮔ
) 05 /0 P>
( . ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻤﻫ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻞﻫﺄﺗ
ﻪﮐ ) 90 (%
هوﺮﮔ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ و دﺮﺠﻣ )2 / 85 (%
هوﺮﮔ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ دﺮﺠﻣ
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ يﺎﮐ ﺮﺋﻮﮑﺳا فﻼﺘﺧا يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ ود
ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ هوﺮﮔ )
05 /0 P>
( .
ﻣ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ لﺎﺴﻤﯿﻧ تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿ هوﺮﮔ
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ
) 05 /1 57± / 16 ( و ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ لﺎﺴﻤﯿﻧ تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ هوﺮﮔ
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
) 24 /1 11± / 16 ( دﻮﺑ . فﻼﺘﺧا يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ هوﺮﮔ ود ﻦﯿﺑ
ﺪﺸﻧ ) 05 /0 P>
( ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ. ) 50 (%
هوﺮﮔ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ و ﯽﻣﻮﺑ )5 / 55 (%
هوﺮﮔ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﯽﻣﻮﺑ ﻪﮐ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ يﺎﮐ ﺮﺋﻮﮑﺳا فﻼﺘﺧا
ﻌﻣ يرادﺎﻨ ﻦﯿﺑ ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ هوﺮﮔ ود )
05 /0 P>
(.
ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ
،يرﺎﻣآ ﺮﻫ ود هوﺮﮔ ﻞﺒﻗ زا
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺮﻈﻧ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﯽﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﯿﻌﻤﺟ
نﺎﺴﻤﻫ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ .
تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ هوﺮﮔ رد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ )
90 /3 80± / 14 ( دﻮﺑ
ﺲﭘ ﻪﮐ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا )
19 /3 73± / 12 ( ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ .
يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ
ﻪﮐ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ داد نﺎﺸﻧ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ار ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻦﯾا ﯽﺟوز ﯽﺗ
) 05 /0
<
(.p ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﺟوز ﯽﺗ ﻪﮐ
هوﺮﮔ رد
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﺎﺑ شزﻮﻣآ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ
اﺪﻧ دﻮﺟو يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ طﺎﺒﺗرا شزﻮﻣآ در
) 05 /0
>
) (p لوﺪﺟ 1(
ﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﻦ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ
ﻦﯿﺑ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﯽﺗ
شزﻮﻣآ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ود ﻦﯿﺑ
هوﺮﮔ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ و
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ دﻮﺟو يراد ﺎﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا )
66 /0
= .(p ﺎﻣا زا ﺪﻌﺑ
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ تا
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ود ﻦﯿﺑ
هوﺮﮔ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ و
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ يرﺎﻣآ توﺎﻔﺗ ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ يراد
) 03 /0
= (p ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا تاﺮﻤﻧ هوﺮﮔ رد ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ) 90 /3 80± / 14 (
ﻪﺑ ) 19 /3 73± / 12 ( ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ )
لوﺪﺟ 2 .(
لوﺪﺟ 1 -
ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رد ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و ﻞﺒﻗ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ هوﺮﮔ ود
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ و ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ
ﯽﺟوز ﯽﺗ يرﺎﻣآ
رﺎﯿﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ±
رﺎﯿﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ±
هوﺮﮔ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ 90
/3 80± / 14 19
/3 73± / 12 05
/0
<
p
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ هوﺮﮔ 46
/3 37± / 14 13
/3 48± / 14 05
/0
>
p
ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ...
ﯽﻧﺎﺧ ﯽﺴﻤﺷ ﻼﯿﻬﺳ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور 67
هرود 2 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 رﺎﻬﺑ 1393
لوﺪﺟ 2 -
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد رد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ
هوﺮﮔ ود ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ و ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و ﻞﺒﻗ
ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا هوﺮﮔ
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ هوﺮﮔ
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ
ﯽﺗ يرﺎﻣآ
ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ±رﺎﯿﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ±رﺎﯿﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ 46
/3 37± / 14 90
/3 80± / 14 66
/0 = p
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ 13
/3 48± / 14 19
/3 73± / 12 03
/0 = p
ﺚﺤﺑ هزوﺮﻣا ترﺎﻬﻣ ياﺮﺑ يﺮﯿﮔ ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ و ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ يﺎﻫ
و يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺰﺟ ﯽﺋﺎﻣﺎﻣ
ترﺎﻬﻣ ء يروﺮﺿ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻧاد
ﯽﻃ رد دور ﯽﻣ رﺎﻈﺘﻧا ﻪﮐ دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﺮﯿﺧا ﻪﻫد رد ﻪﻓﺮﺣ شزﻮﻣآ يا
ﺪﻨﺑﺎﯾ ﺖﺳد ترﺎﻬﻣ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ )
25 (.
ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ .
ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا
ا هﺮﻤﻧ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﮔ رد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓ
ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ هوﺮ
ﺖﺷاد . ﻢﻬﻣ و ناﻮﺟ ﺮﺸﻗ ﻊﯾﺎﺷ ﻞﮑﺸﻣ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺖﻠﻋ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ
ﯽﻧاور ،ﯽﻤﺴﺟ يﺎﻫ ﺐﯿﺳآ ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟاو يا ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ،
ﺖﺳا ) 26 ( و
دﺮﺴﻓا ﻦﯿﺑ ﯽﺒﺒﺳ ﻪﻄﺑار ﮏﯾ ﮔ
دﻮﺟو ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ يﺎﻫ ﯽﺋﺎﻧاﻮﺗ و ﯽ
دراد ) 27 (.
نﺎﻣرد ﺳاو ﻪﺑ ﯽﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ يﺎﻫ ﻄ
نﺎﻣرد رد نآ يﺎﻨﻏ ﻪ
ﺳا رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﯽﺻﺎﺧ ﺖﯿﻤﻫا زا ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺖ
ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ دﺮﮑﯾور ﻦﯾا و
ﯽﻋﻮﻨﺘﻣ يﺎﻫدﺮﺒﻫار ﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا
زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﻪﮐ ﺎﻫ نآ
ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ
ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ﺖﺳا
. هﺮﻤﻧ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻊﻗاو رد ﮔدﺮﺴﻓا
ﯽ زا ﺲﭘ
شزﻮﻣآ هوﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رد ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ هوﺮﮔ رد ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ
ﻦﯾا هﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ هوﺮﮔ ﺪﻨﺘﺧﻮﻣآ
ﻪﮐ اﻮﻣ رد ﺟ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ و ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ار ﻞﮑﺸﻣ اﺪﺘﺑا زا
ﻦﯿﺑ
و ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻬﺑ دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻞﺣ هار ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ار ﻞﺣ هار ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ
ﺪﻧﺮﯿﮐ رﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ ار شزﻮﻣآ ﻦﯾا و ﺪﻨﻨﮐ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ .
ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا ﺖﺳا مواﺪﻣ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﮏﯾ شزﻮﻣآ و
شﺰﯿﮕﻧا دﺎﺠﯾا
يا ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﮏﯾﺮﺤﺗ و ﯽﺼﺨﺷ ﺰﯿﻧ
اﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا مزﻻ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ي .
تﻼﮑﺸﻣ زا ﺮﭘ ﺮﺸﺑ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز اﺮﯾز و عﻮﻨﺘﻣ
ﺖﺳا توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ
ﻮﺷ ﻞﺣ ﻧﺪ . ،ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ رد زوﺮﻣا ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ
،ي داﺮﻓا ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ياراد ﻗﻼﺧ ﺖﯿ
يﺮﮑﻓ و ﻪﺋارا ﺖﻬﺟ يدﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﺮﮑﻔﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻞﺣ هار
ﻪﺟاﻮﻣ
ﺎﺑ ﺷﺎﺑ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﻨﺪ
. ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺶﻧاد زا ﯽﺤﻄﺳ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ
ﺮﻓا دا ار اﻮﻣ رد ﺟ ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻬﺑ ذﺎﺨﺗا و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬ ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻣآ
ﺪﻨﮐ ) 28 (.
رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ادﺎﺒﻨﯿﭼ ) 2007 ( ﻪﮐ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ
يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺮﮕﯾد و ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﺎﺒﻤﯾز رد ﺞﯾار ﯽﻧاور يﺎﻫ
ﺑ هﻮ
، ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
ﻧ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸ تﺪﻣ
3 - 6 ﻪﺴﻠﺟ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ
ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ ﯽﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ نﺎﻣرد ﺖﺤﺗ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ
. ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ
زا هﺮﻤﻧ 11.3 ﻪﺑ 6.5 دﺮﮐ اﺪﯿﭘ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ .
ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ رد
ﻪﯿﺻﻮﺗ ﺪﺷ
،ﻪﮐ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ نﺎﻣرد ﺪﯾاﻮﻓ زا ناﻮﺗ رد
دﺮﮐ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﯿﻟوا ﯽﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ )
29 .(
رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ
،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ زا شور ﺚﺤﺑ ﯽﻫوﺮﮔ و ﺶﺳﺮﭘ و ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 7 زور
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا رد. ﻦﯾا ﻪﻄﺑار ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ﺖﻔﮔ ﻪﮐ شروﺮﭘ ياﺮﺑ
ترﺎﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻞﺣ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ شور ﺶﺳﺮﭘ و ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﯽﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ شور
ﺖﺳا . ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﯽﺘﻗو ﻪﮐ ترﺎﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻞﺣ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻪﺘﺷاد دﻮﺟو
،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﮏﯾ ﺮﭙﺳ رد ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﻊﯾﺎﻗو ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ﻞﻤﻋ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ .
رد ﺪﯿﯾﺄﺗ ﻦﯾا
،ﺐﻠﻄﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ مﺎﺠﻧا هﺪﺷ لﺎﻌﻓ نﺎﻣرد ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ
يرﺎﺘﻓر يزﺎﺳ ز ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ نﺎﻣرد و
ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺒﻣ نﺎﻧ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻨﯿﺳ نﺎﻃﺮﺳ .
ناﺰﯿﻣ ترﺪﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ نﺎﻣرد ﺪﯾاﻮﻓ
ﺺﺨﺸﻣ نﺎﻣرد ﻪﺑ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ و ﻢﺋﻼﻋ يدﻮﺒﻬﺑ و ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ
.
و ﺖﺳا ﺮﺛﺆﻣ نﺎﻣرد رد شور ود ﺮﻫ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺖﯾﺎﺿر .
و شور ود ﻦﯿﺑ ﺎﻣا ﺎﻔﺗ نآ ﺪﯾاﻮﻓ
ﯽﺗو
ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ )
30 .(
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻞﮕﻫ
) 2000 ( ﺰﯿﻧ ﻢﻫ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ
دراد ﯽﻧاﻮﺧ .
نآ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﯽﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رد ﺎﻫ ﻞﺣ يﺎﻫ
ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺪﯿﺳر ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ يﺎﻫ
نﺎﻣرد رد تﺪﻣ هﺎﺗﻮﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا )
31 (.
د فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ يﺮﮕﯾد ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ر
ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﯽﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛا ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ يﺎﻫ
يا ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ترﺎﻬﻣ ﺮﺑ
ﯽﺸﮐدﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ماﺪﻗا داﺮﻓا ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ،ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا
ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ يﺎﻫ
ﻞﯾﺪﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ رد ﺪﻨﻣدﻮﺳ داﺮﻓا يرﺎﺘﻓر
و يﺎﻫ هﻮﯿﺷ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﺮﺛﺆﻣ يا ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ )
راد ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ ( ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 32 .(
ﻞﮑﺸﻣ ﺖﯿﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ يﺎﻫ شور و ﺶﻧاد ،
و ﯽﻨﻫذ ﯽﯾﺎﻧاﻮﺗ و دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻞﺣ هار ،ﯽﻠﺒﻗ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ
ﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﯽ
،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ترﺎﻬﻣ ﻞﺣ ﮏﯾ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﺖﺳا قﻼﺧ ﺮﮑﻔﺗ و كرد ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ
ﯽﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻞﺣ ه ار ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﯽﯾﺎﻧاﻮﺗ و ﻞﺣ هار دﺎﺠﯾا ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺷ
ﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد يﺎﻫ ترﺎﻬﻣ و ن
هرود تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد ار هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
و ﻋﺎﺑ و ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﺚ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار رد داﺮﻓا ﻪﮐ دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ
لﺎﺤﺷﻮﺧ ناﺮﮑﯾد و
هﺪﻧزﺎﺳ ﺷﺎﺑ ﻨﺪ ) 25 (.
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺪﯾﺆﻣ ﻞﮕﻫ و ادﺎﺒﻨﯿﭼ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
ﯽﮑﻤﮐ نﺎﻣرد ﮏﯾ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺿﺎﺣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻄﯿﺣ و ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا رد دراد دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
. ﻪﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا
،ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هوﺮﮔ ﺚﻧﺆﻣ نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد رد ﯽﻫوﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ ﺎﻣا ﺖﺳا نآ يﺎﯾاﺰﻣ زا ﯽﻧﺎﻣز و يدﺎﻣ ندﻮﺑ ﻪﻓﺮﺻ ﻪﺑ نوﺮﻘﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد يﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ يدﺮﻓ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ .
اﺬﻟ
ﯽﻠﯿﺼﺤﺗ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺷر درﻮﻣ رد شور ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ ﺴﻨﺟ و ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ و يدﺮﻓ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺖﯿ
ددﺮﮔ اﺮﺟا ﯽﻫوﺮﮔ .
ﻦﯾا ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ
ﺲﭘ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﮏﯾ زا
مﺎﺠﻧا
ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ تﻼﺧاﺪﻣ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺷاﺬﮔ
ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ، ﻢﺠﺣ
ﻢﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ زا
ﺖﯾدوﺪﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻦﯾا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺖﺳا اﺬﻟ . دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ ﯽﻣ ددﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺮﺗ ﯽﻧﻻﻮﻃ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺎﺑ يﺮﯿﮕﯿﭘ دﺮﮑﯾور
ﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻠﯿﺼﺤﺗ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺷر رد ﺮﺗﻻﺎ
دﺮﯿﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا .
يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﯽﯾﺎﻬﻧ
ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﻪﮐ
زا ﯽﮐﺎﺣ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ
هرود
رد ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ يﺮﯿﮔرﺎﮑﺑ ﯽﺷزﻮﻣآ ﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﺶﻫﺎﮐ
ن
ﺖﺳا و ﺎﺑ ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا و ناﻮﺟ ﺮﺸﻗ نﺎﯿﻣ رد ﯽﮔدﺮﺴﻓا يﻻﺎﺑ عﻮﯿﺷ
نﺎﻧآ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺖﻓا
، ر ﻦﯾا دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ شو
ياﺮﺟا ﺖﯿﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺎﺑ
،ﺶﺨﺑﺮﺛا و ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ ﻢﮐ ،نﺎﺳا ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ءﺰﺟ
ﯽﺷزﻮﻣآ ي
نﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺖﻬﺟ رد ﯽﻣﺎﮔ ﻪﻠﯿﺳو ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ﺎﺗ دﻮﺷ هﺪﻧﺎﺠﻨﮔ
دﻮﺷ ﻪﺘﺷادﺮﺑ ناور ﺖﻣﻼﺳ .
ﯽﻧادرﺪﻗ و ﺮﮑﺸﺗ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد بﻮﺼﻣ ﯽﺗﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ حﺮﻃ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾا
ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد ﯽﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ كارا
هرﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ 536 ﺖﺳا .
ﻦﯾﺪﺑ و ﻪﺑ ار دﻮﺧ سﺎﭙﺳ ﺐﺗاﺮﻣ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﻠﯿﺳ
ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و كارا ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﺖﻧوﺎﻌﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﯾﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻪﮐ
ﺎﺑ ﻞﯿﻤﮑﺗ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﮑﻣا ﺎﻫ
ياﺮﺟا ﻦﯾا حﺮﻃ
ار ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ ﺪﻧدروآ ﯽﻣ ﻢﯾﺪﻘﺗ ، ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
.
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ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ...
ﯽﻧﺎﺧ ﯽﺴﻤﺷ ﻼﯿﻬﺳ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور 69
هرود 2 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 رﺎﻬﺑ 1393
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ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻞﺣ ترﺎﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ...
ﯽﻧﺎﺧ ﯽﺴﻤﺷ ﻼﯿﻬﺳ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناور 71
هرود 2 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 رﺎﻬﺑ 1393
Effectiveness of problem solving training on depression in nursing student
Shamsikhani1S (MSc.) - Farmahini Farahani2M (MSc.) - Shamsikhani3S (MSc.) - Sobhani4M (MSc.)
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders that its prevalence has been reported to be 10-64% among university students. Due to coping skills to solve problems may differ by individual, their depression is associated with problem-solving deficits.
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of Problem solving on depression of nursing student
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 57 nursing students had condition to enter the study and randomly assigned to either experimental (with 30 students) or control groups(with 27 students). The experimental group received 7sessions (two sessions per week) problem solving training . For the control group did not receive any intervention.
one week later, the test beck of both groups was reassessed. The data collection tools were questionnaire, demographic information and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI ).To analyze and collect data, chi-square, ttests and paired t-test were utilized.
Results: Findings showed no significant difference in depression variables before the intervention in the both groups (P>0.05) but significant differences were found between post depression mean between experimental and control group (P<0.05). The difference became significant after the intervention in the experimental group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: According to this study the problem solving skills in students a positive impact on reducing depression. Learning these skills can lead to mental health promotion ,it is Therefore ,holding workshops and master classes at the University of Problem solving skills in order to promote mental health and reduce the severity of depressive proposed.
Keyword: depression, problem solving, nursing student
Received:7 September 2013 Accepted:15 May 2014
1- MSc in Psychiatric Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
2- MSc in Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. (Corresponding author)
E-mail: [email protected]
3- MSc in Nursing,Taleghani Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
4- Msc in Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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