NGHIEN cau-TRAO Odi
PHAT TRIEN BEN V O N G VE KINH TE A VIET NAM V A N D E V A G I A I PHAP
DO THI KIM TifiN*
Phit trign bgn vung li kbit nigm khdng ehi bao gdm phit tiign kinh tgmi trong cic quan nigm vgphit trign bgn vdng phit trign kinh tgli n01 dung duife nbic dSn nhu m0tyi^ td giy inh hudng miuih mg nbit dgn qui trinh phit trign. Pliit trign kinh tg tic dgng dgn xi hqi tign mpi chigu cfinb, d tich cvckn tigu cifc. Tuynhign, dc quan nigm vgpbit trign bgn vOngludnhimfnbinnianbdgnnbinigcinbbiovgticddngtigucifcciiatingtru6ng,lim casdcho nbOngygu du thay ddi tbeobudngphdc dip toin dignbtm, tStban dcnba du cda con ngudi.
Tukbda: Phit trign bgn vihig; phit tiign kinh tgbgn vdng; ting trudng; phit trign.
Sustainable development does not implies only economic development In deSnitions of sustainable development, economic development is referred as die mostpowerfid Victor affecting the development process. Economic devdopment exerts inSuence on society in ai/
dimensions, both ptisitively and negativdy. However, die concepts of sustainable devehpment always imply warnings about tbe negative effects of growth which provides a basis for tbe requirements to change towards a more comprehensive, better response to human needs.
Key words: Sustainable development; sustainable econoinic development; powtb; development NGAYNHAN: 08/01/2020 NGAYPHANB1JN,DANHGIA; 27/01/2020 NGAYDUYfT 17/02/2020
1. Phdt triln kmh tl bin ving vugng eho tdt cd mpi ngudi; dSng todi, bao Phat triln kinh t l bin vung (PTKTBV) dam trong mOt gidi ban cho phep eia he duge hilu Id su tdng tien nhanh, an todn vd sinh thai, khdng xdm pham nhung quyln eo cd chat lupng vl mpi mat eia nin kinh te ' ' ^ ™^ '^°'^ ngudi.
(nhu quy md san luong su tiln bo vl co edu Ylu edu ddt ra ddi vdi mdt nin kinh te kinh tl,...). Qua trinh phat triln ndy ddi hdi •'^'' ™ g '^' 'l', ^^" ' ^ '^ "=* '*"8 "^^'S
. u - . u ' . u - . u ' 1- I,.- - U-- GDP vd GDP ddu nguoi dat mie cao. Nude cae ehu toe trong he toong kinh te coco hoi , , .. , . , . , . , . . , .
.„ . . °. , - . . , . '.. phat trien CO tou nhap cao vdn phai giu nhip nep can eac ngudn luc va ohia se ngupn tai ^ . ^^^^_ „ „ ^ , , j „ g ^^^.^"^^, ^Jj nguyen thien nhien mpt each bmh ddng.
Cae chirto sdch kheng ehi tap trang mang lai
lot ieh cho mOt sd ft md phai tao ra su toinh * TS, Hoc vien Hdnh chinh Qudc gia B H TAP CHi QUAN LY NHA NUdC - S6 289 (2/2020)
NGHIEN cau-TRAO{)6l nhdp todp e4ng phdi tang tradng mie dO
cao. Cac nude dang phdt triln ttong dilu kiln Men nay can tdng trudng GDP vdo khoang 5%/ndm tM mdi cd tol dugc xem cd bilu Men phdt tiiln ben vlmg vl kmh tl; (2) Co eau GDP cing Id tilu chi ddnh gid phdt ttiln bin vung ve kirto t l vd ehi khi ty ttpng edng ngMlp vd dieh vu ttpng GDP cap hon ndng ngUlp toi tdng trudng mdi ed tol dat dupe bin vung; (3) Tdng trudng kinh t l phdi Id tdng tradng ed Mlu qua cao, khdng chap nhdn tdng tradng bdng mpi gid.
Chi tilu d l ddnh gid tang tracmg ben vimg vl kmh t l gom:
- Miic do dat dugc Mlu qua s i dung vdn ddu tu cap vd Sn ditto;
- Ndng suat lan dpng xd hdi cao, dua trln ngudn luc lap dpng ed toe luc vd ndng luc 1dm vile tdt;
- Miic gidm tilu hao nang lupng dl sdn xudt ra mOt don vi GDP todp;
- Chi sS gia tilu dung ttong tieu chuan cho phip luSn Sn dmh;
- Cdn cdn vdng lai todng du Sn dinh.
Tai Vilt Nam, dinh hudng mue tilu PTK- TBV giai doan 2016 - 2020 Id:
- Tdc do tdng tradng kinh te birto qudn 5 nam dat 6,5 - 7%/nam. Din ndm 2020 GDP binh qudn dau ngudi dat khoang 3.200 - 3.500 USD.
- Ty ttpng cdng nghiep vd dieh vu trpng GDP ttIn 85%. TSng vSn ddu ta todn xd hOi bmh qudn 5 nam bdng khoang 32 - 34% GDP.
- BOi ehi ngdn sdch nhd nude khdng qud 4% GDP.
- Ylu td ndng sudt tdng hgp (TFP) ddng gdp vdo tdng midng khodng 25 - 30%.
- Nang sudt iao dOng xa hOi binh qudn tdng 4 - 5%/ndm.
- Tilu hao ndng lugng tinh trln GDP binh qudn gidm tu 1 - 1,5%/ndm. Tyll dd toi hda din nam 2020 dat tu 38 - 40%.
2. Thvicti?ngphdt ttiln kinh tSeiaVi^Nam Daito gid toeo cac tieu chi vd ditto hudng mue tilu PTKTBV giai doan 2016 - 2020 tai Viet Nam, cd nhieu ehi sS chp tody, Viet Nam CO ban dd dat dupe nhu vl tdc dO tdng trudng kinh te binh qudn 5 nam, chuyin dieh CO edu kinh tl, cing nhu kilm sodt ngdy edng tdt brm vl no edng...
Trong DiSn ddn Doanh nghilp Viet Nam (VBF) giua ky ndm 2019, Chinh phi Viet Nam eung nhdn dinh, tinh hiito qudc t l vd khu vue cd itoilu dien biln khdng toudn Ipi, nhimg kinh t l Viet Nam vdn duy tti dd tdng tradng ticb cue. Id mdt ttong nhung dilm sang vl tdng tradng tiong khu vuc vd thi gidi. Sd lupng doanh nghilp ddng ky thdnh lap cao nhdt trong 5 ndm qua, mdi trudng ddu ta kinh doanh dupe edi thien v4 nhilu chi sd eia Viet Nam tdng manh, nhu chi sS doi mdi sdng tao.
Viet Nam tiep tue khang dinh "phdt triln nhanh vd ben vimg 14 ehi truong, quan dilm nhat quan v4 xuyIn sudt trong chien luge phat triln kinh t l eia Viet Nam". Ben canh uu tiln phdt triln nhanh nhdm trdnh tut hdu, gidm khoang cdch thu nhap giua Viet Nam vd edc nude dang phdt ttiln trong khu vue Id phdi phdt triln ben vimg.
Xet vl cM tieu giam sat, danh gid PTKTBV, cing vdi vile dat duge itoiing todnh ttru ve tSe dp tdng trudng kinh tl, ehuyin dich co edu kinh t l tich cue, song vdn tdn tai nhtrng bdt cap eho qud trinh phdt triln kinh te, nhat 14 tao ra nhiing quan ngai cho PTKTBV do chiu tac ddng bdi itoilu yeu td m4 diln hinh ttou ndng sudt, nang luc canh tranh, ndng lue sang tao vd cae chinh sdch, quy dinh vl ddu tu, kinh doaito.
Dudi ddy 14 mpt sd ddnh gid vl nhimg bdt cap trong phat trien kinh t l d Viet Nam vd vdn dl dat ra eho PTKTBV.
- Vg chit luong ting trudng: chua eo su thdng nhdt giua quy md phdt triln vdi chat lupng tdng tradng. Mac d i tang trudng cao I TAP CHl Q U A N L* N H A miOC - S6 289 (2/2020)
NGHIEN cau-TRAODOI
nhung nen kinh t l edn dua nhilu vdo vSn dau ta nude ngodi vd toilu titto bin viing.
Tdng san pham trong nude (GDP) touc chdt chua tiito ding, tirto d i nhimg chi pM di kem ttong qua trinh sdn xudt - idnh doanh vd tdng trudng. Nin kirto t l xaito (GDP xanh) chua dupe s i dung treng dp ludng phdt triln. Nhilu doanh nghiep ddng toul tou nhap trong itoilu nam khong du b i ddp dl x i ly vdn dl mSi tradng hp gdy ra trpng 1 nam. Moi ndm, Viet Nam tMIt hai do 6 itoiem mdi tradng tirong duong vdi 5% GDP, ttong khi con sd ndy eia Trang Qude la 10%.
Tuy rtoiln, neu d itoilm mdi trudng toeo dd tang tiln nhu Men nay, Viet Nam ed toe vugt qua Trang Qude vl d itoilm'. Bin canh dd, ednnhilududndautatrilnkhaiedm ching ttong nhilu nam chua di vdo hoat ddng.
Ngodi ra, trong todn nen kinh tl, edn ed rtoieu du dn Idn khac da vd dang gdp phan 1dm tdng GDP md khong toic day qud trinh phat triln. Ve nguyin Iy, c i cd boat ddng chi tiln cho dau tu, d i du dn hodn thdnh hay chua dIu titto v4o GDP hdng ndm, do dd dd lam cho quy md GDP lien tuc tdng cao, nam sau cao hon ndm trudc. Dilu ndy tao ra khoang edeh giiia con sd tang trudng vol su phdt triln toue t l ngdy cdng lim.
- Vin dg quan lyna cdng: day Id vdn dl phd biln d cdc qudc gia do ehi tilu cMnb phi vugt qud ngudn tou t i toue. Trong ehi tilu ddnh gia PTKTBV, chi sS ng cdng la yeu td quan trpng. Theo dd, np epng can dupe chinh phi kilm sodt, bao dam nguSng an loan de on dinh, phdt triln kinh te.
Cdc ehi sd danh gid mie dO an todn np edng bap gdm:
+ Chi sd ngnudc ngodi/GDP mde du vdn ndm trong gidi han an loan (vdi mue tin cay Id 95%) thi khi np nude ngpdi tang tolm dSng nghia mue tdng trudng GDP se hi sut gidm. Van de can phai chi y 14 ngudng np edng sp vdi GDP nhdm ddnh gid ding sue chiu dung eia mdt nin kinh tl. Khi Nhd
nude vay np dl ddu ta phdt triln, cd nghia 14, khu vuc ddu ta nude ngo4i se cd ddng gdp v4o quy mS GDP hdng ndm vd do dd, nin toan ttpng ttong vile dua la ngudng an todn vd phdi ed su kit hpp chdt che vdi kilm sodt ehi tilu ng (:Mnh phi/GDP.
+ Chi sd ng Chinh phi/GDP tiong ede hang mue dau ta edng, ddu ta ta ngdn sdch itod nude ludn cMlm ty ttpng cao, din din ng Chmh phi/GDP ludn klia cao (bdt ddu t i ndm 2015, t j II ng Chiito phi/GDP ludn ttIn 50% GDP). Vd mac d i duge ddnh gid la todp hon "ngudng" ng Chinh phi/ GDP quy dinh nhung van phdn dnh quy mS np Chinh p h i qud Idn vd tdc dO tang nhanh.
+ Nghia vu tid np eia Chinh phi/tou ngdn sdch: tai Viet Nam, cdc dp life tta ng gia tdng nhanh ta sau nam 2012. DSi cMlu vdi quy ditto toi nguSng an tpdn cua ehi tieu ndy khdng dupe tudn toi ta sau nam 2013 (ludn vugt nguSng 25%). Vd khi mOt qudc gia bi todm hut ngdn sdch se tid todnh nude nhap khau rdng hang hda, dieh vu vd xudt khau rdng tdi sdn, kit qud la lupng tdi san ttong nude duge ngudi nude ngodi ndm giu se ngdy c4ng nhieu hon^. Thdm hut ngdn sdch sItdcdOngdIn khu vue ta nhdn, khiln giam lupng eung vdn d khu vue ta nhdn, tao nguy CO tang lai sudt nOi tl. Nlu Idi sudt nOi te tdng se tou hit ddng vdn quSc t l chay vdo, dan tdi dp lire tdng gid ndi tl. Nhung khi ddng ndi tl lln gid lai gdy tid ngji cho boat dOng xuat khau tiong nude.
Cung edn tody rdng, cdn edn touong m?i eua Viet Nam nhiing ndm gdn ddy ehi ylu do ludng ede boat dOng xudt, nhdp khau eia cac doanh nghilp EDI vdi trpng sd chilm xdp XI 75%. Vi vay, ede boat ddng chi tieu cong eia Chiito phi tde ddng khdng rd rdng tcii titto trang eia can cdn touong mai trong nude do cac doanh nghilp FDI boat ddng cd tmh chdt dOc IdP tiiong ddi Ddy chmh 14 ly do gidi tMch tai sao todm hut ngan sdch mang tinh chdt toudng tiuc tai Viet Nam, TAP CHi Q U A N LY N H A NUtSC - %6 289 (2/2020)
NGHIEN cau-TRAO D 6 | nhimg can edn vang iai van ed su cdi tMen
toeo cMlu hudng tich cue.
- Vg ning suit Iao ddngxihqi Bdo edo eia BO Lao ddng, Thtiomg binh vd Xd hdi cho tody, mac d i tang tiudng ndng sudt iao dOng da phuc hdi v4 tdng nhanh trong nhiing ndm gan day, nhung nang sudt Iao dOng cua Vilt Nam i ^ edn d mie todp so vdi nMlu nude ASE/USI do quy md nen kmh te nhd, xudt phdt dilm todp, qua tiinh chuyin dieh eo edu kinh t l toeo hudng Ueh eiie ttoimg edn cham. Do dd, dl tang tiudng GDP toeo hudng tdng nang sudt Iao dOng tay Id toach toiic Idn, nhimg Id can tMIt dl tao la tdng trudng cao, ben vimg vd ndng cao ndng luc canh tranh cua nin kinh tl. Ddc bill, ttong bSi cdnh tu do hda touong mai vd Cdch mang edng ngMlp 4.0 ngdy cdng phat triln, via la co hOi d l cac nude phdt triln kirto te, nhung cung cd tol dua din nguy eo 1dm cho mOt qudc gia de "bi bd lai xa hon"
ede quoe gia tiln tol gidi nlu khdng ed ditto hudng phdt triln ding vd giai phdp bleu qud. Do dd, dl thuc day tdng tiudng, edn phai quan tdm din vile cai tMen ndng sudt lap ddng^.
- Vi quan ly visa dung tii nguygn:cdn%
tde quan ly tai nguyin toiln nhiln tai Viet Nam cdn itoilu ylu kem, s i dung chua hieu qua, nhdt Id tdi nguyin ddt dai, tdi nguyin nude, mdt sS loai tdi nguyin hi lam dung, khai toae qud mie ddn din suy thodi, can kiet. 6 itoilm mdi trudng van tiep tue gia tdng, nhat Id tai cdc khu do thi, thdnh phd Idn, anh hudng Idn tdi dpi sdng, sinh hoat eia ngudi dan, trd todnh vdn dl bie xuc eia xd hdi Bin canh dd, van cdn tinh trang tou hit ddu tu tMlu ehpn Igc, khdng cdn rtode, xem xet ede yeu td, tieu chi ve mdi trudng.
Vile triln khai nghien eihi vd img dung khoa hpc - cong nghp gdn vdi ylu eau irng phd vdi biln ddi khi hdu, phdng, chdng thien tai, bdp vl mdi trudng cdn cham. Cdng tdc toarto tta, kilm tta toiic tM phdp Mat vl tdi
nguyin, bdo vl mdi tradng chua dap ling ylu cau^.
Bin carto khai khodng, cdng tde quan 1^, s i dung ddt dai cung eon nhieu yeu kem, gdy toiet hai khdng itoe chp nin kinh tl.
Chinh sdch itod dau tu chien luge ttie bdt binh ddng ttong tilp can dat dai, tdi nguyin, 1dm cho vile xde dinh gid quyen s i dung dat khdng dupe tinh ding, tinh du. Sir uu tiln eho nhd ddu tu chien lupe, Idm eho quyln su dung dat khdng dupe dinh gia theo toi tradng, gdy todt tou eho ngdn sdch nhd nude. Mdt khac, cdc tap dodn kinh t l Idn khdng chi hudng loi ehi ylu dp eo ehe phdn bd nguSn lue bdt binh ddng md edn chi tdp trung vdo khai tode, kinh doanh bdt dOng san, khdng phdt ttiln bdng san xudt - kinh doanh. VI nguyin ly, phat triln ngdn sdch bin ving la ngdn sdch diia vdo doanh nghiep san xudt - kinh doanh c h i khdng phdi khai tode tdi nguyen dl ban.
- Ve quan ly diu tir. vdn dl eia Viet Nam hiln nay Id edi toiln chdt lugng vd hieu qua dau tu ndi chung, trong dd cd ddu tu eia ngdn sach nhd nude. Dilu ddng luu y Id tinh ttang todt toedt Idng phi trpng ddu tu edng van phie tap. Mdt sS qud trinh phdn bo vdn ddu tu chua toiic hiln ding cdc quy dmh rtou: phdn bd vSn cho du an khdng ddp ung cdc nguyen tde, tilu ehi vd phdn bd vSn con ddn trai, todi gian phdn bd keo ddi so vdi quy ditto. Tiito trang ng dpng trong xdy dung co ban cdn chua dupe x i ly triet dl. Nhilu du an dd dang hoac todi gian thi cdng keo ddi, chdm tien dd, tdng tSng mie ddu tu gdy Idng phi vd that thoat nguSn luc. Trong khi he toSng thong tin toeo doi, giam sdt cdc dir dn ddu tu cdng tSn tai nhieu ban ehe. MOt sd bd, ngdnh, dia phuong chua touc hiln nghilm tic, ddy d i che dO bdo edo theo quy djnh phdp Mat.
Ngodi ra, qudn tri doanh ngMlp nhd nude d Viet Nam van con khodng each khd xa so vdi todng II qudc tl. Dilu dd cing tao ra nhimg
TAP CHi Q U A N LY NHA WSOC - S5 289 (2/2020)
o
NGHIEN cau-TRAO D 6 |
bat edp ttong dilu hanh quan Iy vd Mlu qud hpat dOng eia doaito ngMlp nhd nude.
- Chinh sich thi trudng: Nhd nude dd cd nhiing quy dinh ve md rOng, phdt triln tbi trudng, nhimg toi tradng dau ra eho ede sdn pham san xudt trong nude van khdng Sn dinh. Tinh tiang dupe mia mdt gid, todm chi khdng bdn dupe kha phS bien vd diln la itoilu ndm liln tue. Thuc te, chmh sdch thi tradng con ylu kem, II touOc nhilu vdo mOt sS toi tradng, gdy drto hudng din san xudt - kinh doanh trong nude, rtou vdn di ndng san vd su phu touOc vdo toi trudng Trung Qude. Thilu cdc nhd may ehl biln dl ndng cao gid tri ndng san. San pham san xuat ra cd tinh canh tranh todp, khd tham gia chudi gid tti todn can.
2. MOt sd gidi phdp nhdm phdt triln kmh t l nlumh vd bin viing
Mpt li, can ehuyin dSi md hinh tdng trudng t i chilu rOng sang ehilu sau, Idm ro nhiing van dl ly touylt kirto t l dl edt nghia rd rang vd chi ddn cu toe eho qud trinh quan ly kinh tl. Ap dung eac hirto thic do ludng GDP thdng qua tinh toan day d i Ipi ieh, cM phi, phat triln ndng lupng sach, ndng lugng tdi tao. Xay dung vd thuc hien chiln lupe tang trudng xanh. Si dung ndng lupng tilt kilm vd hieu qua, phdt trien ndng lupng sach, ndng lugng tdi tap de bao dam an ninh ndng lugng qudc gia.
Day manh dp dung rdng rdi san xuat sach brm dl ndng cao bleu qua s i dung tdi nguyin qude gia. Qud trinh phat triln kinh t l phdi kit hpp giiia qudn ly theo ngdnh vcri quan ly theo dia phuong vd vung ldnh thd nhdm khai thdc vd s i dung ed Mlu qua eac ngudn luc.
Phat triln ben viing edc ving vd dia phuong can tap trung uu tiln phdt triln trudc cac vung kinh t l trpng dilm, ddng thdi chi y tdi ving kem phdt triln vd cd dilu kiln khd khdn hon nhdm tao ra su phat triln cdn ddi.
Hal li, ndng cao chat lupng tang trudng, bao ddm Sn dinh kmh t l vi md, ddc bilt Id ede eWnh sdeii tdi chinh, tien te. DSng todi, tilp tue duy tri eac ehmh sdcli tdng cudng tou hit FDI dl ngan chdn tdc ddng tilu c\fc tu M|u ung "todm hut kip" gay ra cho nin kinh t l do can ddi ngdn sach chua cd eUeu hitdng cai tMen tich cue.
Ba li, toiet lap mdi trudng dau ta kinh doanh esmb tranh Idrto manh, binh ddng, ehpn Ipc cdc nhdn tS tSt cho nin kinh t l vol nhimg rtod ddu ta, kinh doanh hilu qud, sa todi nhung id chic kinh doaito yeu kIm.
Nghiln cim sia dSi, bd sung Luat Diu tu cdngnim 2014 dl tang cudng co ehl, chlnh sdch quan ly ddu ta cdng trong eo ehl toi tradng, Idm rd mue tilu vd cdc nguyin tdc qudn ly dau ta cdng, phdn cap quan Iy ttpng dau tu cdng, chlnh sdch cdng khai, minh bach vd ttdeh itoiem giai trinh ttong quan ly dau ta cong, ddito gid hilu qua kirto t l - xd hdi ttong ddu tu cdng... Chiito sdch ddu tu edng cing can phai khde phuc nhiing vudng mde ttong qud trinh trien khai Iuat Dau tu edng, bao ddm tinh todng nhat eua he todng phap Iudt vd thao go itoimg kho khan eho ede bp, ngdnh vd dia phuong...
TS ehue touc tM chiito sdch phai bao dam cdng bdng ttong tilp can eac nguon Iuc v4 phdt triln, tao dOng lire san xudt - kinh doanh. Tdng cudng su toam gia gidm sat cua ngudi ddn vdo quan ly 141 nguyin, mdi trudng va boat dOng kinh doanh eia doanh ngUlp.
Trong mdt nin kinh te m4 toi trudng edn non tre, vdi itoilu quan he kinh te mdi phdt sinh bin canh itoiing ehiito sach lac hdu, bdt cap, can id seat xda bd nhung ido edn gia itodp toi tradng, bS sung cdc chinh sdch hd trp nhimg ngdnh cdng nghiep non tie. Thdo go vudng mac, khuyin khich ddu ta, nhdt la ddu tu ha tdng kmh t l - xd hdi v4 phdt trien sdn xudt - kinh doanh, gidm chi phi, ndng cao nang sudt Iao ddng, chdt lugng eac sdn pham. Thdng qua chinh sdch thul vd cdc
Tilp CHl QUAN L* NHA Niidc - Sd 289 (2/2020)
NGHIEN COU-TRAO COI ddn bSy kinh tS, khuyin kMch xudt khau,
giam nhdp silu, bdo dam cdn ddi eung cdu hdng hda tMet ylu phuc vif sdn xudt vd ttou cdu tilu dung eia ttodn dan, tilp tue cac chiito sdch tao vile Idm, gidm ngblo.
De cd ngudn tou ngdn sach nhd nude bin vimg vd mdt nin kinh t l ed vSn ddu ta manh, khdng il toude, cdn tap trung vdo phdt triln khu vue ta nhdn, dae bilt can uu tiln, tao dilu idin tot cho ede doaito ngMlp ta ttodn ban dia. Chiito sdch nin chuyin tu tm tiln cac doanh ngMlp Id cdng ty da qudc gia sang cdc doanh ngMlp nhd vd via ban dia. Cho phep khu vue tu ttodn chilm t^
ttpng idn hon ttong san lugng qudc gia v4 cdc doaito nghilp ndy edn trd todito luc lugng dong vai trd idn trong qua triito sdn xuat. Bin canh dd, phdt triln va ho ttg cdc doanh nghilp itod vd via nOi dia md rOng thi trudng qudc tl.
Bdn la, day manh cai cdch hdnh eiiinh, ndng cao Men lue boat dOng eua bO mdy nhd nude, tich cue ddu ttanh phdng, chdng toam nhung, lang phi, touc hdnh tilt kilm; tang cudng hgp tdc vd hpi ttodp ldnh t l qude tl;
ndng cao chdt lugng toSng tin. Cac giai phdp tSng toe tiln ddy giai quyet nhting vdn dl Idu ddi eia ea nen kinh tl. Tuy itoiln, trade rtoiing bdt edp eia toiic ttang phdt triln cua nin kinh te l i l n nay, cac giai phdp ehi yeu can tap trang vdo giai quylt nhiing vdn dl eo ban eia nin kinh te.
Nam la, ngMen ciu, ddnh gid vd cd chinh sdch cu tol cho phdt triln nguon nhdn iuc xd hdi. Td ehue ddo tao, ndng cao ndng lire nghi nghilp, vdn hda tS chic, tdc phong vd icy Mat Iao ddng cho ngudi Iao dOng. DSng thoi, phdi ehu ttpng den phdt triln tol chdt vd tinh thdn cho ngudi dan ttong xd hOi. xdy dung Iai cMito sdch luong, toudng vd cham lo ddi sdng van hda, tinh todn, tao ddng luc cho con ngudi, tdc ddng rich cue eho su phdt triln kinh tl, xd hOi dn dinh, idu dai.
Sau li, ddu ta cho phat trien khoa hpc - eOng nghe ttong ngMIn cim, hpp tde ngMIn eiiu ede Bnh vue ngdnh nghi ttong nOi hdm eia "nen kiito t l xanh", itoir s i diing nang lupng tdi tap, cdng nghi sdn xudt tilt kilm tdi nguyin, tieu hap it nang lugng; ditto hudng lai dau ta, hudng tdi mie dau tu khoang 2% tdng ehi ngdn sdch hdng nam eho Ididi phuc he sinh todi vd bao ve mdi trudng. Danh nguon lue dl ddu W phdt triln maito doanh ngMlp khoa hpc - cdng nghe, dSi mdi co ehl quan ly khoa hpc vd tranh toi khai tode, ing dung cdng nghe t i cac qudc gia phat triln...
Tdng cudng hpp tdc quSe t l ttong hoach dinh ehinh sdch vd tao dung "nin kinh t l xanh" d Vilt Nam, huy dOng cdc ngudn iuc ho tig eia quSe tl, itodt Id nguSn vSn dau tu 2% GDP loan edu cho phdt triln "kinh t l xanh". Chi y toiet lap cdc cp ehl tdi chinh chp phat triln rimg, biln... Tap cdn ciphdp ly vd dilu kiln toudn Ipi dl Viet Nam cam kit vd toam gia rich cue vdp edc boat dgng eia edc cdng ude qude t l vl bao vl mdi tradng, ling phd bien dSi khi hau, xay dung nen sdn xudt eacbon todp, kilm sodt khi thai, bdo vl tang d-zdn, da dang sinh hpc trln pham vi khu vue vd todn cauD
Cbdtbicb:
1. 80 Khu Cdng nghiep Viit Nam vi pham mdi trudng. https://tuoitte.vn, ngay 20/11/2016.
2. Kiem soil chit che no cdng. http:/ /dang- congsan.vn, ngay 30/9/2019.
3. Nang suit Iao ddng Viit Nam thuaSinga- pore, Malaysia, Thailan. https//vietnamnet.vn, ngay 06/8/2019.
4. Kgt luan cua Bo Chlnh tti vg tigp tuc thuc hien Nghi quyet Trung uang 7 khoa XI ve chu dong ung phd vdi hign ddi khi hau, ting cudng quin ly tii nguyen vi bio vg mdi tradng.
http://nhandan.com.vn, ngay 29/8/2019.
TAP CHi Q U A N LY NHA NUtilC - Sd 289 (2/2020)
