ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺸﻬﺮ آﺑﺨﻮان در ي ﺑﻪ ﺷﻮر يﺮ ﯾﭘﺬ ﺐ ﯿ آﺳ ﯽ ﻣﮑﺎﻧ

(1)

ﻦﯿﻤﻫدﺰﯿﺳ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ ﯽﻠﻣ ﺶﯾﺎﻤﻫ

ناﺮﯾا يرادﺰﯿﺨﺑآ

ﺖﺴﯾز ﻂﯿﺤﻣ و ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ زا ﺖﻧﺎﯿﺻ ﯽﻠﻣ ﺶﯾﺎﻤﻫ ﻦﯿﻣﻮﺳ و

و

10

هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ

11

ﯽﻠﯿﺑدرا ﻖﻘﺤﻣ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،

1397

13^thNational Conference on Watershed Management Sciences and Engineering of Iran 3^rd National Conference on Conservation of Natural Resources and Environment

ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﻧﺎﻣز

ﯽ - ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﯽ ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي رﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ي

رد ناﻮﺨﺑآ

ﺮﻬﺸﻤﺋﺎﻗ -

ﻮﺟ ﯾ رﺎﺒ

ﯽﻟﻮﺘﻣ ﺎﺿﺮﯿﻠﻋ ،1

يداﺮﻣ ﺎﺿرﺪﯿﻤﺣ

2

،*

يداﻮﺟ نﺎﻣﺎﺳ 3

- 1 يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد يرادﺰﯿﺨﺑآ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ يﺮﺘﮐد هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،

سرﺪﻣ ﺖﯿﺑﺮﺗ ([email protected])

- 2

لوﻮﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﯾﻮﻧ و

هوﺮﮔ رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد يرادﺰﯿﺨﺑآ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ

، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد سرﺪﻣ ﺖﯿﺑﺮﺗ )

[email protected] (

-3

رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا اﺮﻬﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،نﺎﺤﯾرﻮﺑا ﺲﯾدﺮﭘ ﯽﺸﮑﻫز و يرﺎﯿﺑآ هوﺮﮔ ن

([email protected])

?ﺪﻴﻜﭼ

زا ﯽﮑﯾ ،ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ يرﻮﺷ ناﺮﺤﺑ

ﺎﻫ رﻮﺸﮐ رد بآ ﯽﻠﺻا ي زا .ﺖﺳا

اﯾ ﻦ ور رد ﻪﮐ ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ زا ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ

و يرﻮﺷ ضﺮﻌﻣ ﮔدﻮﻟآ

يزروﺎﺸﮐ ﯽ ﻣ راﺮﻗ

ﯽ ﺪﻧﺮﯿﮔ اﺮﺑ ي ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ﻦﯾا ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ

، ﺮﻣا ي روﺮﺿ ي .ﺖﺳا ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي بآ ﺎﻫ ي

ز ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾ ﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺖﯿ

ﺗاذ ﯽ ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ و ﺎﻫ و هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ي ﮔدﻮﻟآ

ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي نﺎﺴﻧا ﺎﺳ ﺖﺳا ز

. رد ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ

ناﻮﺨﺑآ

ﺮﻬﺸﻤﺋﺎﻗ - رﺎﺒﯾﻮﺟ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد

زا تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﯽﻔﯿﮐ يرادﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ هﺎﭼ64

، زا ﺶﯿﺑ و يا هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ هﺎﭼ22

28000 ﻪﺑ .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يرادﺮﺑ هﺮﻬﺑ هﺎﭼ يﺎﻫ لﺎﺳ رد يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺐﯿﺳآ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ

،1364 و1382

،1392

ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ رد ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﯽﺗاذ ي آ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ناﻮﺨﺑ اﺪﻫ

ﯾ ﺖ ﻫ ﯿ ﻟورﺪ ﯿ ﮑ ،ناﻮﺨﺑآ عﻮﻧ ،ﯽ ﻞﺣﺎﺳ زا ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ

، ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ و

ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ

رد ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ هﮋﯾو ي

،ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ ﺖﻓا ،هﺎﭼ ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺛﺄﺗ

ﯿ ﺮ ﯽﺒﺴﻧ رد بآ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﯾﺎ

ﺖﯿﻌﺿو ، ﻻﺎﺑ

ﮔدز ﯽ بآ رﻮﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﮑﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺐﯿﺷ و لﺎﺳ

ﺎﻫ ي ،1364 و1382 هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ1392

.ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺘﻧ

ﺎﯾ ﺞ ﺐﯿﺳآ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا

يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز - ﯽﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮐ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯿﻔ

ﯿ ﺖ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ بآ لﺎﺳ زا ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز ﯽﻟا1364

زا يرﻮﺷ يﺎﻫرﺎﯿﻌﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ1392

ﻞﯿﺒﻗ ﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ يﺎﻫ ،EC وSAR ﻪﺑ ورTDS

لﺰﻨﺗ ﺖﺳا . داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﮐ

ﺮﻬﺸﻤﺋﺎﻗ ناﻮﺨﺑآ يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺐﯿﺳآ -

رﺎﺒﯾﻮﺟ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺻرد19

هﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ

ﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ .ﺪﻧا هﺪﺷ ﻊﻗاو ناﻮﺨﺑآ قﺮﺷ رد و ﯽﻠﺣﺎﺳ ﻂﺧ رد عﻮﻤﺠﻣ رد

ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻊﻤﺟ

ﻪﮐ ﺪﯿﺳر ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ بآ يرﻮﺷ و حﻼﻣا لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﯽﻔﯿﮐ يزﺎﺴﻟﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﯽﮔﺪﯿﭽﯿﭘ

ﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ،ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺐﯿﺳآ يﺎ

ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ ﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ راﺰﺑا ﯽ ياﺮﺑ ﻫﺎﮔآ ﯽ زا ﯽﻘﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﺪﻧراد راﺮﻗ يرﻮﺷ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد ﻪﮐ .

ياﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻦﯾا ،ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ لﺎﻤﻋا

ﺳﺎﯿﺳ ﺗ ،ﯽﺸﺨﺑ لدﺎﻌﺗ يﺎﻫ ﺖ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ يرﻮﺷ ﺎﺑ يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ و يا ﻪﯾﺬﻐ

راﺮﻗ هار ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﮏﯾ ﺮﯿﮔ

ﻧ .ﺪ

ژاو نﺎﮔ :يﺪﯿﻠﮐ ،ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ راﺪﯾﺎﭘﺎﻧ يزروﺎﺸﮐ ،ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ ،ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﯽﮔﺪﺷرﻮﺷ

(2)

و

10

هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ

11

1397

- 1 ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ

ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺎﻫ ي ﻠﺣﺎﺳ ﯽ ﻠﺻا ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﯽ ﺷ بآ ﻪﺿﺮﻋ ﯿﺮ

ﯾ ﻦ ﻣ نﺎﻬﺟ ﺮﺳاﺮﺳ رد ﯽ

ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ) Bouderbala ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و

ا رد .(2016 ﯾ ﻦ

ﻠﺣﺎﺳ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﯽ

ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺖﯿ يﺎﻫ ﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﯽ ﻪﺑ و هﮋﯾ نﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ و رﺎﻬﺑ رد طﺎﺒﺗرا رد

ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺖﯿ يﺎﻫ زروﺎﺸﮐ ي

، ﺘﻌﻨﺻ ﯽ ﺮﮕﺷدﺮﮔ و ي

اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﺶ

ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺑﺎﯾ ز بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻊﻗاو رد . ﯾ

ﻣزﺮ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ﺳو ﻪﻠﯿ ﺑ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﯿ ﺶ زا ﺪﺣ هﺎﭼ ﺎﻫ ي هﺮﻬﺑ رادﺮﺑ ي ﺪﻬﺗ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد ﯾ

ﺪ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗ ﺪﻧا يﻮﺳ زا .

،ﺮﮕﯾد ﮔدﻮﻟآ نﺎﮑﻣا ﯽ

ﺎﺑ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻦﯾا رد زا حﻼﻣا لﺎﻘﺘﻧا

ﯾﺎ ﻦﯿﻣز ﺢﻄﺳ زا و دراد دﻮﺟو

) Motevalli ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و

(2018 اﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ. ﯾ ﻦ

ﮔﺪﺷ رﻮﺷ ﯽ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺎﻫ ي ﻠﺣﺎﺳ ﯽ و

،نآ ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﮔدﻮﻟآ

ﯽ ﺷﺎﻧ زا ﯽ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺖﯿ ،يزروﺎﺸﮐ يﺎﻫ ﺧا

ﯿ

ًاﺮ ﻪﺑ دوﺪﺤﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﯾ

ﺖ ﻠﺻا ﯽ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا

زا ﻦﯾا ﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻊ رد و ﺘﻧ ﻪﺠﯿ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﻢﻬﻣ زا ﺮﺗ ﻦﯾ ﮔدﻮﻟآ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﯽ

نﺎﻬﺟ ﺮﺳاﺮﺳ رد بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ

) ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ وKura

.(2014 مﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي لﺎﺳ ﺮﺧاوا رد رﺎﺑ ﻦﯿﻟوا ياﺮﺑ1

ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ زا ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ ﺎﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا رد مﻮﻬﻔﻣ و هژاو ﮏﯾ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ 1960

) ﺪﺷ حﺮﻄﻣ ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ Margat

و Albinet ، (1970 . ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي بآ ﺎﻫ ي ز ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾ ﻫﺎﻔﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻢﯿ

ﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺖﯿ ﺗاذ ﯽ و

ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺎﻫ و هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ي ﮔدﻮﻟآ

ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي نﺎﺴﻧا زﺎﺳ ﺮﮕﯾد و ﯽﻠﻣاﻮﻋ ﺖﺳا ﺖﺤﺗ ار هﺪﻨﯾﻻآ ﻪﮐ ﺛﺄﺗ

ﯿﺮ ﺎﯾ ﻦﯿﻣز ﺢﻄﺳ زا لﺎﻘﺘﻧا

ﺖﯾاﺪﻫ ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ نﺎﯾﺮﺟ ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ ﻞﺧاد ﻪﺑ ﻦﯿﻣزﺮﯾز ﻣ

ﯽ ﻨﮐ ﺪ ) Green ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ؛2011

Gurdak و

، Qi (2012 . ذﻮﻔﻧ

بآ بآ ﻞﺧاد ﻪﺑ رﻮﺷ ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز

بآ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد ﺎﻫ

ي ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز

، ﻻ رد ًﻻﻮـﻤﻌﻣ ﻪﯾ

يﺎﻫ ﻞﺣﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﮏﯾدﺰﻧ راﺪﺑآ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا و

ﺎﯾرد ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ هﺮﻔﺳ ﻪﻬﺒﺟ ﻣ خر2

ﯽ ﺪﻫد . ﻻ رد ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻪﯾ

يﺎﻫ راﺪـﺑآ ي نآ رد ﻪـﮐ ﺎﻫ

ﻻ ﻪﯾ يﺎﻫ ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷ بآ و

رﻮﺷ داﺪﺘﻣا رد

ﻢﻫ راد راﺮﻗ ﻧﺪ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺮﺛا رد ، ﺑ

ﯽ ،ﻪﯾور بآ ﻣ رﻮﺷ ﯽ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﺪﯾﺎﻤﻧ ذﻮـﻔﻧ ﻦﯾﺮﯿـﺷ بآ ﻞـﺧاد ﻪـﺑ .

ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﻦﯾا

،ﻢﺴﯿ ﮓﻨﯿﻧﺎﮐ پآ هﺪﻧاﻮﺧ 3

ﻣ ﯽ دﻮﺷ . ﺎﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا رد ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا

ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي

،ناﻮﺨﺑآ ؛ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﯽﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ) نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و يداﻮﺟ

ﻪﺑ (2017

ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﺪﻨﺑ ي ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي ﺗ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﻞﯿﻠﺤ

ﻪﺷﻮﺧ ا .ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ي اﯾ

ﻦ رد شور ﯾ ﮏ ا رد ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﯾ

ناﺮ راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ

ﺎﻘﻣ رد و ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﯾ

ﻪﺴ ور ﺎﺑ ﯾ دﺮﮑ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا DRASTIC ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ

ي ﮐ ﯿﻔ ﯿ ﺖ بآ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻧ ﯿ

،تاﺮﺘ ﺮﻠﮐ ﯾ ﺪ و حﻼﻣا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ

لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ) ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ (TDS يﺎﻫرﺎﯿﻌﻣ

ﯽﺠﻨﺳ ﺖﺤﺻ ﺳآ

ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ي ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا شور . ﭘ ﯿ دﺎﻬﻨﺸ ي ﺖﻔﻫ زا درﻮﻣ رﺎﻬﭼ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ

ﻞﻣﺎﻋ DRASTIC ﻞﻣﺎﺷ

بآ ﻖﻤﻋ ﺎﻫ ي ز ﯾ ﻣزﺮ ﯿﻨ ﯽ

، اﺪﻫ ﯾ ﺖ ﻫ ﯿ ﻟورﺪ ﯿ ﮑ ﯽ

، راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ و عﺎﺒﺷاﺮﯿﻏ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺖﯿﻫﺎﻣ اﺮﺑ ار

ي ﻪﯿﻬﺗ

دﻮﻤﻧ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ .

Klassen و

Allen ) ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ (2017 زرا

ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ بآ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺮﻄﺧ ﻠﺣﺎﺳ ناﻮﺨﺑآ رد رﻮﺷ

ﯽ قﺮﺷ لﺎﻤﺷ

ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد .ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ادﺎﻧﺎﮐ روﻮﮑﻧو ﻪﺑ

ﺳو ﯿ ﻪﻠ ﻪﻬﺒﺟ ذﻮﻔﻧ بآ

رﻮﺷ و ﺎﯾرد بآ نﺪﻣآ ﻻﺎﺑ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺎﯾرد

ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ .ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ دﻮﺑ نﺎﻓﻮﻃ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ جاﻮﻣا ﺷﺎﻧ تاﺮﻄﺧ

ﯽ ژﺎﭙﻤﭘ زا هﺎﭼ ﺎﻫ ي هﺮﻬﺑ رادﺮﺑ ي ﺑ ﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ﯾ ﻦ ﺛﺄﺗ ﯿﺮ رد ار

ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﻪﻬﺒﺟ ذﻮﻔﻧ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﺮﻄﺧ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ي بآ

.دراد رﻮﺷ ا زا فﺪﻫ

مﺎﺠﻧ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ

،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ يزﺎﺴﻟﺪﻣ و ز تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ

ﯽﻧﺎﻣ -

يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺐﯿﺳآ ﯽﻧﺎﮑﻣ يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ

ﺮﻬﺸﻤﺋﺎﻗ ناﻮﺨﺑآ -

رﺎﺒﯾﻮﺟ زا لﺎﺳ ﯽﻟا1364 .ﺖﺳا1392

- 2 ﺎﻫ شور و داﻮﻣ

-2 ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ1

هدوﺪﺤﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣدرﻮﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا رد

ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻓاﺮﻐﺟ لﻮﻃ رد نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ

"

42 ' 39

° ﺎﺗ52

"

47 ' 57

° ضﺮــﻋ رد و ﯽﻗﺮﺷ52 ﻓاﺮﻐﺟ

ــﯿ ﺎ ﯽﯾ

"

34

' 26

° ﺎﺗ36

"

15 ' 44

° ﻪﺑ بﻮﻨﺟ زا ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺷ36 ﻢﺋﺎﻗ

ﺮﻬﺷ ) و قﺮــﺷ زا ،رﺰــﺧ يﺎــﯾرد ﻞﺣاﻮــﺳ ﻪــﺑ لﺎﻤﺷ زا ،(يﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ

لﺎﻤﺷ قﺮﺷ ) ﺳ ﯿ هﺎ دور ﻪﺑ ( زا و ﻢﯾرﻻ و رﺎﺒﯾﻮﺟ بﺮــﻏ

و ﻼﮐﺎــﯿﮐ ﻪــﺑ رد

ﺎﻬﻧ ــﯾ ﺖ ﻪــﺑ ﯽــﺑﺮﻏ لﺎﻤــﺷ رد ﻤﻨﻬﺑ

ــﯿ ﺮ داﺪــﻌﺗ .ﺖــﺳا دوﺪــﺤﻣ

28681 هﺎﭼ ﻪﻘﻠﺣ زﺎﺠﻣ

.دراد دﻮﺟو هدوﺪﺤﻣ ﻦﯾا رد

1Vulnerability

2Seawater Intrusion

3Up-coning

(3)

و

10

هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ

11

1397

-2 ﺗ2 ﯿﻌ ﻦﯿ ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾ ﺮ ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ي

ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ رد ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﯽﺗاذ ي )1

006 Stigter et al., 2 (

ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ناﻮﺨﺑآ اﺪﻫ

ﯾ ﺖ ﻫ ﯿ ﻟورﺪ ﯿ ﮑ ،ناﻮﺨﺑآ عﻮﻧ ،ﯽ ﻞﺣﺎﺳ زا ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ

و

ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ ﻞﮑﺷ) ﺪﺷ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ

يﺎﻫ ﯽﻟا1 ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .(4 ﺮﺛﺆﻣ

رد ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ هﮋﯾو ي )2

Stigter et al., 2006 (

ﻞﻣﺎﺷ

،ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ ﺖﻓا ،هﺎﭼ ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ ﺛﺄﺗ

ﯿﺮ ﯽﺒﺴﻧ رد بآ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﯾﺎ

ﺖﯿﻌﺿو ، ﮔدز ﻻﺎﺑ ﯽ بآ رﻮﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﮑﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺐﯿﺷ و لﺎﺳ

ﺎﻫ ي ،1364

و1382 ﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ﮏﯿﮑﻔﺗ ﻪﺑ 1392

ﻞﮑﺷ) يﺎﻫ ﯽﻟا5 (.9 ،ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﯾا عﻮﻤﺠﻣ زا ﺳآ

ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ رد يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ي لﺎﺳ

ﺎﻫ ي

،1364 و1382 ﻪﻄﺑار زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ1392

ﺪﺷ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ1 .

ﻪﻄﺑار 1 ﺳآ

ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ

يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ي =∑ ( . )

∑

رد ﻪﮐ :نآ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ نزو ﺮﺛﺆﻣ

رد ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ هﮋﯾو و ﯽﺗاذ ي ﻣ

ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ خﺮﻧ ﻣ

ﯽ

ﺪﺷﺎﺑ زا ﻪﮐ ﺎﺗ1 زا ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ9 ﺳآ

ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ دﺎﯾز ﻪﺑ ﻢﮐ ي ﺪﻨﺑ

.ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ي عﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺰﯿﻧ∑

نزو ﺎﻫ ي ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﯽﺗاذ ي

.ﺖﺳا ناﻮﺨﺑآ هﮋﯾو و ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا زا ﺲﭘ

ﺮﺛﺆﻣ رد ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ،ﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ناﻮﺨﺑآ رد يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ي ﻪﺸﻘﻧ

ﺎﻫ ي ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ رد ي

لﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ ي ،1364 و1382 ﻞﮑﺷ)1392

(10 ﺑ هداد ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎ لوﺪﺟ يﺎﻫ

ﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ1 .ﺪ

لوﺪﺟ :1 ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ نزو و خﺮﻧ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ

رد ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﺮﻬﺸﻤﺋﺎﻗ ناﻮﺨﺑآ يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ي -

رﺎﺒﯾﻮﺟ

هرﺎﻤﺷ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ

ﻪﯿﻟوا نزو تﺎﻘﺒﻃ

خﺮﻧ هرﺎﻤﺷ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ

ﻪﯿﻟوا نزو تﺎﻘﺒﻃ

خﺮﻧ

ناﻮﺨﺑآ عﻮﻧ 1 دازآ 1

9 (ﺮﺘﻣ) ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ 7

2 -0

9 50

ﯽﺳر ﻖﻠﻌﻣ 50 7

- 7 100

(زور ﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ) ﯽﮑﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺖﯾاﺪﻫ 2 3

-0 1 12.5

-100 5 150

-12.5 3 17.5

-150 3 200

-17.5 5 22.5

200<

1

-22.5 7 27.5

(ﺮﺘﻣ) ﻞﺣﺎﺳ زا ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ 8 3

-0 9 2500

-27.5 9 47.5

-2500 7 5000

3 هﺎﭼ ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻪﯿﻠﺨﺗ خﺮﻧ

ﺳ ﻧﺎﯿﻟﺎ ﻪ ) ﺐﻌﮑﻣﺮﺘﻣ (لﺎﺳﺮﺑ

=عﺎﻌﺷ) (ﺮﺘﻣ1000 4

-0 100000 5000 1

- 5 7500

100000 - 300000 7500 3

- 10000 3

300000 - 500000 5

10000<

1

500000 - 900000 7

ﺖﯿﻌﺿو 9 ﮔدز ﻻﺎﺑ ﯽ بآ رﻮﺷ

) Na/Cl 1 (

-0.27 9 0.5

900000 - 1504000 0.5 9

- 7 0.75

(ﺮﺘﻣ) ﯽﺑﺎﺘﺴﯾا ﺢﻄﺳ ﺖﻓا 4 3

-3.1 1 3.5

-0.75 5 1

-3.5 3 4.5

-1 3 1.25

-4.5 5 5.5

-1.25 1 1.49

-5.5 7 6.5

(ﺪﺻرد) ﯽﮑﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺐﯿﺷ 10 2

-0 9 0.05

-6.5 9 7.1

-0.05 7 0.15

ﺛﺄﺗ 6 ﯿﺮ ﺎﯾرد بآ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﯽﺒﺴﻧ

) l C

3/ (Hco 1

-0.21 9 0.5

-0.15 5 0.25

-0.5 7 1

-0.25 3 0.55

-1 5 1.5

-0.55 1 0.98

-1.5 3 2.5

-2.5 1 3.6

1Intrinsic vulnerability

2Specific vulnerabilty

(4)

و

10

هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ

11

1397

ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ناﻮﺨﺑآ عﻮﻧ :2ﻞﮑﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﯽﮑﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺖﯾاﺪﻫ :1 ﻞﮑﺷ

ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ :4 ﻞﮑﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣﻞﺣﺎﺳ زا ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ :3 ﻞﮑﺷ

(5)

و

10

هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ

11

1397

لﺎﺳ ردهﺎﭼ ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ :1-5 ﻞﮑﺷ 1364

لﺎﺳ رد هﺎﭼ ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ :2-5 ﻞﮑﺷ 1382

لﺎﺳ ردهﺎﭼ ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ :3-5 ﻞﮑﺷ 1392

لﺎﺳ ردبآ ﺖﻓا :1-6 ﻞﮑﺷ 1364

لﺎﺳ ردبآ ﺖﻓا :2-6 ﻞﮑﺷ

1382 لﺎﺳ ردبآ ﺖﻓا :3-6 ﻞﮑﺷ

1392

ﺮﻠﮐ ﻪﺑتﺎﻨﺑﺮﮐﯽﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ :1-7 ﻞﮑﺷ 1364

ﺮﻠﮐ ﻪﺑتﺎﻨﺑﺮﮐﯽﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ :2-7 ﻞﮑﺷ 1382

ﺮﻠﮐ ﻪﺑتﺎﻨﺑﺮﮐﯽﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ :3-7 ﻞﮑﺷ 1392

(6)

و

10

هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ

11

1397

ﺮﻠﮐ ﻪﺑ ﻢﯾﺪﺳ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ :1-8 ﻞﮑﺷ 1364

ﺮﻠﮐ ﻪﺑﻢﯾﺪﺳ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ :2-8 ﻞﮑﺷ 1382

ﺮﻠﮐ ﻪﺑﻢﯾﺪﺳ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ :3-8 ﻞﮑﺷ 1392

ﯽﮑﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺐﯿﺷ :1-9 ﻞﮑﺷ 1364

(7)

و

10

هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ

11

1397

ﻞﮑﺷ -10 : 1 ﺳآ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ لﺎﺳ رد يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ي 1364

1382 لﺎﺳ رديرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑي ﯾﺮﺬﭘﺐﯿﺳآ: 2-10 ﻞﮑﺷ 1392 لﺎﺳ رديرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑي ﯾﺮﺬﭘﺐﯿﺳآ: 3-10 ﻞﮑﺷ

(8)

و

10

هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ

11

1397

لوﺪﺟ تﺎﻘﺒﻃ2

ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﯽﻃ يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ي لﺎﺳ

ﺎﻫ ي ،1364 و1382 ﺶﯾﺎﻤﻧ ار 1392

ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻫد ،رﻮﮐﺬﻣ لوﺪﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ .

ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ي لﺎﺳ زا

ﯽﻟا1364 دوﺪﺣ رد1392

/7 ﺪﺻرد19 ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﭘﯿ هدﺮﮐاﺪ ﺖﺳا .

لوﺪﺟ تﺎﻘﺒﻃ :2 ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﯽﻃ ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺪﺻرد و يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ي لﺎﺳ

ﺎﻫ ي ﯽﻟا64 92

ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ي ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺪﺻرد 1364

ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺪﺻرد 1382 ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺪﺻرد 1392

ﻢﮐ ﯽﻠﯿﺧ 429.73

60.95 276.34

39.19 120.54

17.09

ﻢﮐ 121.46

17.23 201.02

28.51 164.53

23.33

ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ 85.18

12.08 122.35

17.35 211.90

30.05

دﺎﯾز 57.25

8.12 65.73

9.32 145.24

20.60

دﺎﯾز ﯽﻠﯿﺧ 11.48

1.63 39.66

5.63 62.89

8.92

يرﺎﻣآ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻨﻬﭘ

ﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ي ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ رد ي لﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ي سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ

لوﺪﺟ رد ،يرﻮﺷ يﺎﻫرﺎﯿﻌﻣ ﺶﯾﺎﻤﻧ 3

هداد هﺪﺷ .ﺖﺳا لوﺪﺟ يرﺎﻣآ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ :3 ﻪﻨﻬﭘ

ﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ي ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ رد ي لﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ي درﻮﻣ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ يرﻮﺷ يﺎﻫرﺎﯿﻌﻣ

ﯽﮑﯾﺮﺘﮑﻟا ﺖﯾاﺪﻫ 1364 هﺪﻧﺎﻤﯿﻗﺎﺑ حﻼﻣا عﻮﻤﺠﻣ

ﻢﯾﺪﺳ بﺬﺟ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ

ﻪﮑﺒﺷ هﺎﭼ ﺎﻫ ي

/ﯽﻔﯿﮐ لﺪﻣ زﺎﺳ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ي

ﺮﺜﮐاﺪﺣ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ

ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﺮﺜﮐاﺪﺣ

ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ

ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﺰﯿﭼﺎﻧ ي 791.2

5628.1 1689.2

513.8 4723.

6 1119.

6 0.9 14.3 3.3

ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﻢﮐ ي 790.0

6685.0 2394.0

513.0 3770.

3 1596.

8 0.9 13.8 5.3

ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ي 790.6

6041.3 3232.2

513.4 4045.

4 2162.

8 1.0 14.0 7.6

ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ دﺎﯾز ي 1760.2

7049.4 3305.6

1161.

8 4478.

7 2210.

4 2.1 14.5 7.0

ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﯾﺮ دﺎﯾز ﯽﻠﯿﺧ ي 1846.1

6689.5 3259.1

1219.

7 4481.

7 2180.

3 3.1 14.5 7.7

5647.7 1741.6

644.2 2738.

8 1362.

4 1.0 14.3 3.4

6632.6 1915.7

655.0 2784.

0 1378.

1 0.9 13.9 4.1

5887.0 2726.8

687.9 2951.

7 1575.

8 1.0 14.0 6.2

6689.5 3120.7

637.0 5016.

9 1348.

7 1.3 14.5 6.8

7049.0 2895.5

644.3 5016.

8 1392.

8 2.0 14.4 5.5

6162.6 1756.8

554.6 2820.

9 1163.

0.9 6 9.6 3.5

5116.6 1946.2

521.2 3422.

6 1293.

0.9 5 12.5 4.0

4220.3 2321.3

513.0 4128.

8 1547.

0.9 2 14.3 5.2

7044.5 2255.5

516.0 4720.

3 1503.

1.0 1 14.5 4.7

7050 2677.5

666.0 4723.

6 1787.

1.1 8 14.0 5.1

(9)

و

10

هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ

11

1397

- 3 يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ و ﺚﺤﺑ

بآ ﺎﻫ ي ز ﯾ ﻣزﺮ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﻠﺻا ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﯽ ﺷ بآ ﯿﺮ ﯾ ﻦ اﺮﺑ زا ﺶﯿﺑ ي /2

ﻣ1 ﯿﻠ ﯿ درﺎ ﻌﻤﺟ ﺮﻔﻧ ﯿ ﺖ ﻠﺣﺎﺳ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ رد ﯽ

ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺎﺑ

اﯾ ﻦ ﺪﻬﺗ ،لﺎﺣ ﯾ ﺪ ﺎﯾرد رﻮﺷ بآ ﻪﻬﺒﺟ ذﻮﻔﻧ ناﻮﺨﺑآ رد

ﺎﻫ ي ﻠﺣﺎﺳ ﯽ ﻟد ﻪﺑ هﺪﻤﻋ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﯿ

ﻞ ﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯿ ﺶ زا ﺪﺣ زا

بآ ﺎﻫ ي ز ﯾ ﻣزﺮ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ور ﺖﺳا

ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ . ﺮﻄﺧ

رد زا حﻼﻣا لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﯾﺎ

ﻞﺣﺎﺳ زا رود ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ و ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ

هراﻮﻤﻫ دراد دﻮﺟو .

اﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﯾ ﻦ

، ﮔﺪﺷ رﻮﺷ ﯽ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺎﻫ ي ﻠﺣﺎﺳ ﯽ و ﮔدﻮﻟآ ﯽ ﺷﺎﻧ زا ﯽ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺖﯿ ،يزروﺎﺸﮐ يﺎﻫ ﺧا

ﯿ ًاﺮ

ﻪﺑ دوﺪﺤﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﯾ

ﺖ ﻠﺻا ﯽ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻦﯾا

ﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻊ رد و ﺘﻧ ﻪﺠﯿ ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ ﻢﻬﻣ زا ﺮﺗ ﻦﯾ ﮔدﻮﻟآ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﯽ

بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ

ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز ﺖﺳا نﺎﻬﺟ ﺮﺳاﺮﺳ رد

. ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد ﮐ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا

ﯿﻔ ﯽ ﯽﻔﯿﮐ يرادﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ هﺎﭼ64 درﻮﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ رد

ﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪ يﺎﻫ لﺎﺳ رد يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺐﯿﺳآ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ،1364

و1382 هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ1392

.ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ

ﺘﻧ ﺎﯾ ﺞ يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺐﯿﺳآ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ﯽﻧﺎﻣز

- ﯽﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮐ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯿﻔ

ﯿ ﺖ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ بآ لﺎﺳ زا ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز ﯽﻟا1364

ﺎﺑ1392

ﻞﯿﺒﻗ زا يرﻮﺷ يﺎﻫرﺎﯿﻌﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ

ﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ،EC ﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ و SAR

ﺖﺳا لوﺰﻧ ﻪﺑ ور TDS لوﺪﺟ)

(3 .

ﻘﻧ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺐﯿﺳآ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺸ

ﺮﺑ ﺮﻬﺸﻤﺋﺎﻗ ناﻮﺨﺑآ يرﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺐﯿﺳآ -

رﺎﺒﯾﻮﺟ دوﺪﺣ

/7 ﺪﺻرد19 طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻦﯾا رد اﺬﻟ .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﻧ .

ﺎﺘ ﯾ ﺞ ﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽ ﺪﻫد ﻪﮐ لﺎﺳ زا ﺎﻫ هﺎﭼ ﻪﯾور ﯽﺑ ﺮﻔﺣ ﻪﺑ1364

نﺪﺷ رﻮﺷ ﯽﻠﺻا ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا هﺎﭼ ﺮﻫ ﻢﯾﺮﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ مﺪﻋ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﻞﯿﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد نوﺪﺑ ﺪﻌﺑ قﺮﺷ و لﺎﻤﺷ رد ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ

لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﮐ ترﻮﺻ ﻦﯾﺪﺑ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻨﯿﺸﯿﺑ1364

ﻪﻧﺎﯿﻟﺎﺳ ﻪﯿﻠﺨﺗ

ﺎﻌﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ هﺎﭼ ع

ﻪﺑ يﺮﺘﻣ1000 ناﺰﯿﻣ هدﻮﺑ لﺎﺳ ﺮﺑ ﺐﻌﮑﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ راﺰﻫ642

لﺎﺳ رد ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮑﯿﻟﺎﺣ رد .ﺖﺳا

لﺎﺳ رد و ﺐﻌﮑﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ راﺰﻫ ﺖﺴﯾود و نﻮﯿﻠﯿﻣ ﮏﯾ ﻪﺑ1382 ﺮﺑ ﺐﻌﮑﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ راﺰﻫ ﺪﺼﻧﺎﭘ و نﻮﯿﻠﯿﻣ ﮏﯾ ﻪﺑ1392

.ﺖﺳا هﺪﯿﺳر لﺎﺳ ﺛﺎﺗ ﯽﮑﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺐﯿﺷ و ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ ﺖﻓا ﻞﯿﺒﻗ زا ﯽﻠﻣاﻮﻋ يور ﺮﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻦﯾا

رد و دراﺬﮔ ﯽﻣ ﺮﯿ

رد .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﮑﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺐﯿﺷ و ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ ﺖﻓا ،هدﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﯿﻠﺨﺗ هاﺮﻤﻬﺑ هﺎﭼ ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻘﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﯿﺳر ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ عﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ

ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﯽﮔﺪﯿﭽﯿﭘ و حﻼﻣا لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﯽﻔﯿﮐ يزﺎﺴﻟﺪﻣ

ﯽﻨﯿﻣزﺮﯾز بآ يرﻮﺷ

، يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺐﯿﺳآ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻣ

ﯽ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ ا ﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ راﺰﺑ ﯽ ياﺮﺑ ﻫﺎﮔآ ﯽ زا ضﺮﻌﻣ رد ﻪﮐ ﯽﻘﻃﺎﻨﻣ

ﺪﻧراد راﺮﻗ يرﻮﺷ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ

ﺳ لﺎﻤﻋا ﯿ يرﻮﺷ ﺎﺑ يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ و يا ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ ،ﯽﺸﺨﺑ لدﺎﻌﺗ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺳﺎ ﺪﻧﺮﯿﮕﺑ راﺮﻗ

.

- 4 يراﺬﮕﺳﺎﭙﺳ

ﺪﮐ ﺎﺑ يﺮﺘﮐد ﻪﻟﺎﺳر ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ حﺮﻃ زا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾا 96012766

:ناﻮــﻨﻋ ﺎــﺑ و ا

ﺺﺧﺎــﺷ ﯽﺑﺎــﯾزر ﺐﯿــﺳآ و ﮏــﺴﯾر يﺎﻫ

يﺮﯾﺬﭘ

ﻢﺋﺎﻗ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺮﻬﺷ

- يرﻮﺷ ﺮﺑ ﺪﯿﮐﺎﺗ ﺎﺑ رﺎﺒﯾﻮﺟ رد

رﻮﺸﮐ ناروﺎﻨﻓ و ناﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ زا ﺖﯾﺎﻤﺣ قوﺪﻨﺻ ﯽﻣ

ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . اﺬﻟ ﻪــﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦــﯾا نﺎﮔﺪﻨــﺴﯾﻮﻧ

ﺪﻨﻧاد ﯽﻣ مزﻻ دﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ ﺖﯾﺎﻤﺣ زا

يﺎﻫ يدﺎﻣ - يﻮﻨﻌﻣ قوﺪﻨﺻ ﻦﯾا ﺮﯾﺪﻘﺗ

ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﺮﮑﺸﺗ و .

هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ

1- Albinet, M., Margat, J., 1970. Cartographie de la vulnérabilité à la pollution des nappes d’eau souterraine. Bull. BRGM, 2ème série 3, 13–22.

2- Bouderbala, A., Remini, B., Saaed Hamoudi, A., Pulido-Bosch, A., 2016. Assessment of groundwater vulnerability and quality in coastal aquifers:a case study (Tipaza ,North

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Algeria ).Arab.J.Geosci.9,1–12.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-015-2151-6

3- Green,T.R.,Taniguchi,M.,Kooi,H.,Gurdak,J.J.,Allen,D.M.,Hiscock,K.M.,Treidel,H.,Aureli, A.,2011.Beneath the surface of globalchange:Impacts ofclimate change on groundwater.J. Hydrol.405,532–560.

4- Gurdak,J.J.,2008.Ground-water vulnerability:nonpoint-source contamination,climate variability,and the high plains aquifer.VDM Publishing.

5- Gurdak,J.J.,McMahon,P.B.,Bruce,B.W.,2011.Vulnerability ofgroundwater quality to human activity and climate change and variability,High Plains aquifer,USA.Clim.Chang.

Eff.Groundw.Resour.A Glob.Synth.Find.Recomm.145.

6- Gurdak,J.J.,Qi,S.L.,2012.Vulnerability ofrecently recharged groundwater in principle aquifers ofthe United States to nitrate contamination.Environ.Sci.Technol.46,6004–6012.

7- Javadi,S.,Hashemy,S.M.,Mohammadi,K.,Howard,K.W.F.,Neshat,A.,2017.Classification of aquifer vulnerability using K-means cluster analysis.J.Hydrol.549,27–37.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.03.060

8- Klassen,J.,Allen,D.M.,2017.Assessing the Risk ofSaltwater Intrusion in CoastalAquifers.J. Hydrol.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.02.044

9- Kura,N.U.,Ramli,M.F.,Ibrahim,S.,Sulaiman,W.N.A.,Aris,A.Z.,Tanko,A.I.,Zaudi,M.A.,2014.

Assessmentof groundwater vulnerability to anthropogenic pollution and seawater intrusion in a smalltropicalisland using index-based methods.Environ.Sci.Pollut.Res.22,1512–

1533.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3444-0

10- Motevalli,A.,Moradi,H.R.,Javadi,S.,2018.A comprehensive evaluation ofgroundwater vulnerability to saltwater up-coning and sea water intrusion in a coastalaquifer (case study:

Ghaemshahr-juybar aquifer).J.Hydrol.557,753–773.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.12.047

11- Stigter,T.Y.,Ribeiro,L.,Dill,A.M.M.C.,2006.Evaluation ofan intrinsic and a specific vulnerability assessmentmethod in comparison with groundwater salinisation and nitrate contamination levels in two agriculturalregions in the south of Portugal.Hydrogeol.J.14, 79–99.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-004-0396-3

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Spatio-temporal variability of vulnerability to salinity in Ghaemshahr-Juybar aquifer

Abstract

The salinity of groundwater resources is one of the main water crisis in the country.

Therefore, the conservation of groundwater resources exposed to salinity and agricultural pollution is essential for the management of groundwater resources in Iran. Groundwater vulnerability includes inherent vulnerability and characteristics of the occurrence of contaminating sources and human-induced pollution. Therefore, in this study, 64 quality wells, 22 observation wells and more than 28000 pumping wells were used. In order to provide vulnerability maps in 1364, 1382 and 1392, the factors influencing the aquifer's inherent vulnerability include hydraulic conductivity, type of aquifer, distance from the coast and aquifer thickness as well as factors affecting specific vulnerability including well densities, groundwater drops, relative impacts of sea water intrusion, high water level and hydraulic slope were used for years 1364, 1382 and 1392. The results of spatio-temporal vulnerability assessment showed that the quality of groundwater resources from 1364 to 1392 was decreasing according to salinity criteria such as EC, SAR and TDS parameters. The vulnerability maps also showed that 19% of the vulnerability to salinity was increased in Qaemshahr-Joybar aquifer, which is located on the coastline and in the east of the aquifer. In conclusion, it can be concluded that due to the complexity of the qualitative modeling of salinity, vulnerability maps can be an appropriate tool for knowledge of areas exposed to salinity. In this way, these maps can be used as a road map for applying balanced, recharge and adaptable policies against to salinity.

Keywords: Groundwater, Aquifer salinization, Groundwater management, Unstable Agricultural

.