TAP CHf P H A T T R I ^ N N H A N LUC, S 6 2(23)-201- 45
VAN DE THIEU HUT NHAN Ll/C-
PHAN TICH D l / d l GOC NHJN QUAN LY XA Hdi
VU THI MAI OANH''
S
rf kien Viet Nam gia nhap To chflc thfldng mai the gidi (WTO), md ra cd hdi phat triin mdi cho nen kinh td' da't nflde. Cho phep Viet Nam tid'p can cdc ngudn vdn va ngudn lflc tdi ehinh, tm dung M bdn ngodi;cd hdi tiip can thi trfldng the' gidi nhieu hdn;
nen kinh t l cd them ddng lflc phdt triin; nMlu tiem ndng trong nflde dfldc khai thae va sfl dung Mdu qui; qud trinh cai cdch va tao lap the chl kinh t l tM trfldng dinh hfldng xa hdi chu ngMa tiip tuc diy manh vv... Vi vay, khdng gian phat triin md ra eho Viet Nam theo hfldng hdi nhdp ngdy cang sau rdng vdo nen kinh td' thd' gidi.
Dd cung la xu hfldng phat triin ta't ye'u cfla cdc qude gia, dan tdc ttong dieu kidn lflc Ifldng san xuat xa hdi hda ngay cang cao nhfl Men nay.
Tuy nMen, xua't phdt diim va vide ehuan bi mpi mdt cho qud trinh hdi nhap cfla moi nflde la khdng gidng nhau, vi the' mfle dp thanh cdng d tflng nflde khdng phii lflc ndo eflng nhfl mong ddi.
Qud trinh hdi nhap d nflde ta cho tha'y, mdt ttong nhflhg van dl dang phai ddi didn la tinh trang tiulu hut nhdn lflc cho qud ttinh phdt ttiln.
Thiiu hut nhdn Iflc ca vl chSit va IrfOng Hidn nay, d hiu hit eac nganh, cdc thdnh phin kinh tl, van dl lo ling cfla ede nhd quin ttri Id
tMlu hut nhan lflc ttam ttpng d hiu hdt cae vi tri tuyin dung. Tinh ttang ndy khdng cM dien ra d nhflhg nganh nghl mdi ed ham Irfdng khoa hpc cdng nghd cao, ken lao ddng vd ddi hoi lao ddng da qua dao tao trinh dp trung cap, cao dang, dai hpc. Ngay ttong nhflhg nganh nghe truyen thd'ng, tham dung lao ddng cflng vay. Tai hai thanh phd ldn eua ea nrfdc la Ha Ndi va thanh phd Ho CM Minh, ndi tap ttamg nMeu cd sd dao tao nhdn liic uy tm cua ca nrfdc cflng than pMen ve flnh ttang nay, ddc biet la lao ddng chat Ifldng cao d cac trinh dp: chuyen gia, kj' sfl, kj' thuat vidn vd cdng nhan ky thuat. Nhttng dfl dn kinh td' ldn cua quoc gia, dfldc hfldng nMeu flfl dai M chinh phu ve thud', vd'n, nhan lflc cflng khdng thodt khdi thiic trang nay. Ddn cfl khu kinh td' Dung Qudt ndm 2010 nhu eiu lao ddng V.y thuat cd tay nghl cao ldn din 20.000 ngfldi, dif kie'n din nam 2020 can din 40.000 lao ddng, nhflng d ddy cM ddp flng dflde lao ddng tay nghe bac 3/7 vdi sd' Ifldng ban che', thie'u trim trpng ky sfl lanh nghe, quin tri doanh nghiep, phien dich, kd' todn, kiem toan, kinh t l ngoai thfldng, xuat nhap khau, nhan vidn thi trfldng'''..., kha ndng ddp flhg lao ddng tiinh dp eao eho khu kinh t l ndy tdn tai mdt khoing trdng ldn. Nganh cdng
(*) ThS., Gidng vi§n Khoa L<i ludn Mdc - LSnin, Trudng Cdn bd TP.HCM.
(1) "Den nam 2015, Khu kinh te Dung Quat cin khoing 25.000 lao ddng", 04.03/2011 http://
dungquat.com
46 vu THI MAI OANH V A N DE THIEU HUT N H A N LUC, nghd thdng tm, lau nay ed sflc hflt lao ddng kha
manh, Men cd khoang 200.000 lao ddng va dfl bdo dd'n nam 2020 nhu cau nhan life cua nganh nay ein din hdn 6(X) ngan ngfldi nhuhg kha nang dap flng chi dat 400 ngan ngfldi'^' Tinh trang khan Mem nhan life cdn la ndi lo ldn cua nMeu doanh nghiep trong cae khu cdng nghiep, vd'n cM ydu eau lao ddng d ttinh do phd thdng. Nhiing thdng cudi nam 2010, cdc khu chl xua't, khu cdng ngMdp d thanh phd Ho CM Minh tMlu khoang 23.000 lao ddng, nhuhg kha nang cung iing cua trung tam gidi thidu vide lam ndi day chi dap flng dfldc khoang 5.000 lao ddng'^'. Tinh trang tMd'u hut nhan life d thdnh phd nay, kMen ngfldi ta lo ngai ede khu cdng nghe eao ed nguy ed thanh khu cdng nghidp. Nganh xay diAig eung rdi vao canh Mdng tfl. Men tdng sd' lao ddng cua nganh khoang 2 tridu ngfldi, mdi nam bd sung khoang 44.000 lao ddng, nhiing mdi cM dap flhg dfldc 25% nhu ciu. Cd ca'u ngudn nhan liie eua nganh mat can ddi tram trpng (ty Id ed eau kj' srf, trung cap chuyen nghiep, cdng nhan hpc nghl la 1:1, 3:3, ttong kM do vdi eac nrfdc ttdn thi gidi ty Id nay la 1:4; IO)''".
Trong kM do Viet Nam la qud'c gia ed ngudn nhan liic ddi ddo vdi dan sd' gan 86 tridu ngrfdi, tinh dd'n ngdy 1/4/2009, la nrfdc ddng dan thfl 13 trdn thd' gidi vd thfl 3 trong khu viic. Trong do sd ngfldi ttong dp Moi lao ddng tang nhanh va chidm khoang 67% dan sd' ca nflde'^'. Vay tai sao lai ed tinh ttang tMe'u hut nhan life?
Nguydn nhSn va hd luy
Thfle ttang ttdn da dfldc nMlu chuydn gia, cdc nha khoa hpc, M nMlu gde nMn, nMlu Enh vfle ngMen cflu khac nhau da phdn tich, md xe vd dfla ra rat nMlu nguydn nhan. Drfdi gde dp quan ly xa hdi, cd thi ndu mdt sd' nguydn nhan sau;
(2) Thanh Hd, "Cdng nghd thdng tin thieu han 200.000 nhan Igc", 21/04/2010, http:/Auoitre.vn (3) L§ Nguyin, "TP.HCM: Cuoi nim lai khit lao ddng", Bao Tien Phong, 06/02/2010
(4) Quynh Lam, "Nginh xiy di/ng thieu nhan igc tram trgng", Thdi bao kinh te Sdi Gon, 14/05/2008 (5) Vlj Quynh, " Dan sd Viet Nam gin dat 86 tridu ngudi" Thdi bao kinh te Sai Gdn, 13/08/2009
Chua nhdn thiic dugc vai trb caa viec qudn ly cdc qud trinh phdt triin xd hgi ddi vdi qud trinh phdt triin kinh ti
Ndi de'n nhan liie la ndi din con ngrfdi, vdi cdc mdi quan he xa hdi phfle tap, lam ndn nd la tdng hdp cac ye'u td nhfl; dan sd, gido due, ddo tao, y te', van hda vv... Nhiing yd'u td ndy dfldc quy dinh bdi trinh do phat triin kinh tl, hd ttd die life vao qud trinh phat trien eon ngfldi - nhan td quan ttgng nha't cua lflc Ifldng san xua't. Tiinh dp phat triin con ngfldi phan anh ban chat cua tang trfldng va chat Irfdng tang tnidng kinh tl.
Do do, cae tidu cM van hda xa hdi ttd thdnh bd phan quan trpng d l ddnh gia cha't Irfdng tdng tnidng va ehi phdi muc dich cfla tang trfldng, sao cho con ngfldi trd thdnh trung tam cua sfl phdt triin. Tuy nMen, khdng eo ngMa la kinh te phat triin tM xa hdi se phdt triin Mdng flng, do chd phdt triin kinh te theo nhiftig quy Mat ridng, ddi kM nhflhg quy Mat nay cd tdc dung ldm tang ttrfdng kinh tl, nhflhg lai lam tdn thfldng mdt sd quan he xa hdi va ddi Mdng xa hdi. Phdt trien kinh td' theo quy Mat thi trfldng ta't yiu dan din tieh tu sii giau ed eho bd phan xa hdi nay nhiftig eung mang din sii ngheo khd eho bd phan xa hdi khac. Do do phat triin kinh tl, tii ban than nd khdng thi ed cdng bang xa hdi, khdng giai quye't tridt de phan hda giau ngheo, ma edn tao ra nhttng nhin td lam tdn hai chat Ifldng con ngfldi - yd'u td ehi phdi quyd't dinh de'n chat Ifldng va tdc do tang trfldng kinh tl. Minh ehflhg eho dieu nay ehflng ta tham khao sd lieu mdi day cfla Td chfle Lao ddng Qude t l (ILO): ndm 2010 sd ngfldi tha't ngMdp tten toan till gidi ldn din mfle ky luc 205 tridu ngfldi. Mae dfl nMlu nflde da dat tdc dp phue hdi tang trfldng manh me, nhflng khdng cai tMen dfldc tinh ttang viec lam so vdi sd Udu cdng bd nam 2009, tiiam chi cdn cao hdn 27, 6 tiieu ngfldi so vdi tiidi k^f tien khung hoang kmh t l till gidi nam 2007. ILO dif bao ty Id tha't ngMep tten toan the' gidi din ndm 2011 la 6,1% (khoang 203,3 trieu ngfldi). So thanh Men khdng ed vide lam ttong ndm 2010 eung tang len 78 tridu ngfldi, cao hdn so vdi mfle 73,5 trieu ngfldi cfla thdi k^ tien khung
vu TH! MA\ OANH - V A N OE THIEU HUT NHAN LUC. 47 hoang*^' Nhfl vay, ban than tdng ttifdng kinh t l
khdng thi giai quyd't nhfliig va'n dl xa hdi, d l khie phuc tinh trang ay phu thudc rat ldn vdo ttinh dp quan ly cdc van de xa hdi va qud trinh phdt trien xa hdi, sao eho mpi thanh vien dfldc tiip can va hfldng ldi kit qua eua sfl tang trfldng d mfle tdi da, ban chd' din mfle tdi tMeu nhiihg inh hfldng tidu cflc cfla tang trfldng kinh te ttong dieu kien kinh t l thi trfldng. Nd'u chat Ifldng cudc sdng td't, quan he xa hdi lanh manh, eon ngfldi se cd diiu kidn phdt triin tdt ea vl thi chat va tinh thin, ndng Ifldng ddi ddo dfldc hfldng vao phuc vu cho san xua't va sang tao. Dieu nay cM cd dfldc trflde het tren ed sd phat trien kinh te', ddng thdi cdn thdng qua vide hoach dinh chinh sdch xa hdi va giai quyd't cac van de xa hdi, ehfl the quan 1^ mdi tao ra dflde ngudn vdn ngudi phuc vu cho cac tiin trinh kinh td'. Do cd sfl cM phdi vd rang budc nhfl vay, cdc nha hoach dinh chinh saeh phai qudn tridt quan diim phdt triin kinh tl, phai hfldng vao thiic Men cdc muc tidu xd hdi, giii quye't ede van de Udn quan din phdt trien toan didn con ngfldi. Nd'u khdng thfle Men dflde dieu nay se ldm gia tang nguy cd ma't dn dinh nin kinh tl; anh hfldng tnic tie'p dd'n cdc ddn vi kinh t l gia dinh; de dpa Mdng lai cua cdc thi hd ngfldi lao ddng; lam suy yd'u sii Udn kd't gitta gia dinh va xa hdi, eung nhfl mem tm vd sfl ddng tiiuan cua ngfldi ddn ddi vdi ede chinh sach qude gia.
Cdng tdc hogch dinh chinh sdch, lap du dn cdn thiiu chuyin nghiip
Non tay ttong cdng tdc hoach dinh chinh sdch thi M$n d cho chfla tinh todn vd kit hdp hai hda cdc yd'u td kinh t l vdn hda xa hdi ttong cac chfldng trinh, dii dn phdt triin. Muc dich thfle Men cdc cMnh sach phat ttiln cfla ta tiifldng chfl ttpng nMlu hdn vao Men qua kinh tl, ma ehfla chu ^ dflng mfle din cdc muc tidu vdn hda, xa hdi, mdi tiiidng. Vi vdy, mdt chfldng tiinh, dfl an ndo dd khi xdy diing thfldng dfldc tham mflu.
(6) Thdng t i n xd Vi6t Nam, "205 tridu ngUdi bi that nghidp trong nim 2010" http:/A/ietnamnet.vn, 26/
01/2011
hoach dinh bdi eac chuyen gia kinh td', cac nha dau M, ma tMlu vang sfl tham gia va tham dinh cfla cdc nha ngMen cflu xa hdi, van hda, mdi trfldng vd nhieu Unh vfle khde. Trong cdc kd' hoach dd, nhttng chi tidu kinh td', ngudn vd'n, dflde dii toan rat cM tilt, ti mi, nhflhg ngudn life lao ddng - yd'u td het sflc quan ttpng bio dam eho sfl Manh cdng cua kd' hoach lai dfldc dl cap hit sflc md nhat. Vide thfle Men, trien khai cac chfldng trinh, dii an cflng dfldc tie'n hdnh theo each do; tMe'u mdt ehfl thuyd't phat trien chung;
tMe'u sfl gan kit cac muc tidu; tMlu sfl phdi hdp ddng bd gifla cdc nganh, cae Enh vfle. Dan dd'n tinh ttang cae ehinh saeh phdt triin kinh t l khdng ddng bd vdi cMnh sdch phdt trien nhan lufc. Hau qua la sfl phdt triin cua Enh viic nay lam tdn thfldng de'n boat dpng eua Unh viic khac; sfl khdng gap nhau vl mfle dp, tdc dp phat trien gifla cdc Enh vfle, cac nganh kMen eho vide tdc ddng, hd trd lan nhau gitta chflng cflng khdng thufc Men dflde; lam that tiioat, lang pM cac ngudn life. Dieu do thi Men d tam vi md la sii mat can ddi gifla cdc chinh sach phdt triin kinh te' vdi cac chinh sdch xa hdi; gifla phat trien kinh te' vdi phdt trien van hda; gitta phdt trien kinh t l va bao vd mdi trfldng; gifla phat ttiln giao due- ddo tao vdi phat triin ngudn nhdn life va phdt trien kinh te. Rd rang each lap ke hoach, dfl dn nhfl lau nay da khdng edn phfl hdp vdi xu thi phdt triin Men nay, chung ta cin nhanh chdng tie'p can phfldng phap lap ke' hoach mdi. Men dai hdn.
Mgt sd lanh dgo dia phuang chua thodt khoi tu duy "ao ldng'"
Xu thi hdi nhap dang la xu the' ehfl dao, cM phdi sfl phdt trien cua cdc qud'c gia trdn the' gidi, chinh phu Viet Nam dang tieh cflc chuan bi cho tie'n tiinh nay, chu ddng tham gia qud ttinh phan cdng lao ddng qude tl. Nhflhg d cdc nganh, cdc cap ehinh quyin dia phfldng tM chfldng ttinh phdt ttiln kinh t l - xa hdi cdn mang nang M tfldng bidt lap "tu cdp, tu tuc" Ngfldi ta cd khu cdng ngMdp, tM ta ciing xdy khu cdng ngMdp cho cd cdng ngMdp hda, Men dai hda; ngfldi ta ed trfldng dai hpc tM ta cung phai cd ttiidng dai hpe cho cd
48
vu TH! MAI OANH - VAN DE THI^U HUT N H A N LUC.xa hdi hda giao due. Nbilu dia phfldng ed the' manh ndng nghidp, nhflng lai khdng tap trung vd'n va ehuan bi nhdn lufc cho cdng ngMdp hda.
Men dai hda ndng ngMep, ndng thdn. Xay dflhg khu cdng nghidp cdt sao lap day dien tieh sfl dung ehfl khdng gan vdi phue vu phdt trien ndng ngMdp; trfldng dai hpc md ra vdi cdc ngdnh bge thdi thfldng d l thu hflt ngfldi hgc, nhflhg khdng cd ngfldi day. Chfla ndi dd'n cac san pham cdng nghidp, giao due do chat Ifldng dd'n dau, hieu qua nhfl the' nao cho sfl phat trien cfla dia phfldng.
Hidm tha'y cdc cd quan quan ly nhd nflde d cdc Enh viic cdng bd cMin Ifldc phat triin nhdn life phuc vu cho sii phdt triin cua ngdnh; Mem tha'y cac doanh ngMep ehu ddng dao tao, hoae lidn kd't vdi cac ed sd dao tao dl chfl ddng xdy duhg ngudn nhdn life; tinh trang dn sdn cdn kha phd bie'n tai eac doanh nghidp, vide tao ngudn vd dao tao nhan liic phd mac cho xa hdi vd cdc cd sd dao tao xoay xd.
Cdc linh vUc dich vu xd hgi chua ddp dng yiu cdu cho phdt trien kinh ti
Chflng ta edn dang loay hoay di tim tidu chi con ngudi vdn hda cho thdi ky mdi, sd di ndi loay hoay la vi nhflng tidu chi nay chfla dflde xae dinh va dang dfldc ttanh ludn hodc dang dflde thai nghen bdi ede nha nghien cflu va quan 1^
van hda. Cflng nhfl tieu cM san pham giao due cfla chiing ta cimg chfla dfldc dinh Mnh rd rang cho cac nganh hoc, cap hpc. Cdc dich vu y td', cham sdc sflc khoe cho ngfldi dan dfl da ed nMlu cd gang nhuhg cung ehfla dap flng nhu eau. Rd rang van hda, giao due, y te' cfla ta dang phdt trien ldi nhip so vdi ydu eiu phat triin kinh td' Men nay. Hoat ddng dich vu xa hdi d Viet Nam cM thfle sfl khdi ddng gan day, dang ddi hdi nang life quin ly td't, cdc tilm life kinh te, tdi cMnh, bao Mem va sii hdp tdc cfla eae life Ifldng xa hdi ciftig tham gia mdi dat kd't qua mong mud'n. Thfle t l la nhflhg hoat ddng dich vu xa hdi mdi dang phat trien manh d hai thdnh phd ldn la Hd Ndi va thanh phd Hd CM Minh. Nhflhg theo thdng tin kit qua khao sdt ngheo dd thi d thdnh phd Ha Ndi va thanh phd Ho CM Minh cdng bd ngay
15/I2/2010('\ cho tiil'y d el hai thanh phd, ba Enh vfle tMeu hut nMlu nhl't la tiep can hd tiidng an smh xa hdi, gido due, dich vu nha d phfl hdp (bao gdm dich vu dien, nrfdc, nrfdc vd rde tiiai).
Thdnh phd Hd Chl Minh, ndi ed tdc do tdng tnidng kinh t l vao loai ldn nhat ea nrfdc, nhUhg cd tdi gan mdt nfla dan so khdng ed bao Mim y t l (42.85%y*'. Rd rang, vide quan 15^ cae van de xa hdi va giai quyet eae van dl xa hdi yiu kem dang cd anh hrfdng xau dd'n ehd't Irfdng ngudn nhan Me, va srf thilii hut nhin liie dat chuan cho phat triin kinh te eflng la dieu ed thi 1^
giai.
Xu hudng vd gidi phdp
Xay diing ngudn nhdn Me la mpt sii nghidp lau dai, epng hfldng nMlu yiu td va sfl tham gia eua nMlu ed'p, ngdnh cM dan ed dflde ciMg vdi qud trinh xay dflhg dat nflde, dinh hfldng xa hoi chu ngMa. TMe'u hut nhan life se cdn keo dai mdt thdi gian nfla, do nin kinh t l Viet Nam chfla dfl sflc ganh dd hit cae van dl xa hdi, cung nhif ngdn sdch nha nflde chfla du sflc giai quyit moi ydu eiu xa hdi dang ddt ra. Van de nay se dfldc khac phue tuhg bflde, bat dau d eae ngdnh kinh td' mdi, cd kha ndng canh tranh cao, dflde nha nflde tap trung flU tien phdt triin. Hodc ttong cac nganh nghl dang la ehfl lflc xua't khau d cdc dja phfldng, dfldc hfldng nMlu flu dai tfl ngdn sdch va eac chfldng trinh phdt triin kinh t l ciia chinh phu. Tuy nhidn, chflng ta cd the rflt ngan thdi gian nay thdng qua vide nang eao nang life quin ly cfla cdc ed quan nha nflde thude cdc Enh vifc xa hdi, dich vu cdng, cd the tham khao nhflng dinh hfldng ldn sau:
Doi mdi cong tdc xdy dying ki hogch, lap dU dn phdt triin kinh ti — xd hgi
Cdng tdc lap k l hoach can M bo each lam cu, bpc Id nbilu khuyit diem nhfl: ndng tinh chu quan, dii bdo thie'u ehinh xae, thiiu thdng tin phan hdi, ehfla xae dinh rd cac ngudn life va sif
(7)Khanh Linh, "Phit ngdn vi hinh ddng: Hi Ndi, TP.HCM dua ngheo, con ci tra nhap nhdm", http://
tuanvietnamnet.vietnamnet.vn, 07/12/2010 (8) tuanviatnamnet, 17/12/2010.
VU TH! MAI OANH - V A N D ^ THIEU HUT NHAN LUC.
49
Uen thdng ttdeh nMdm eac ben Udn quan, khd kiem sodt, ndn tinh kha thi chfla cao. Nhanh chdng tiip can phfldng phdp xay dflhg k l hoach mdi. Men dai vd khoa hpe, phii dat nhflhg ydu cau sau:
77M? nhdt, vide xde dinh muc dich, tidu cM ttong cdc chfldng trinh, k l hoach phai dat dflde mdt cdch toan didn ea ve ehinh tri, kinh tl, van hda, xa hdi, mdi trfldng; xae dinh eac ngudn life, nha't Id phii tinh toan ngudn nhdn life thfle Mdn dfl dn, neu rd tieu cM vl nhan life, nhflhg ydu ciu ve trinh dp, k)' nang d l cd kd' hoach chuan bi dao tao vd Myen dung. Kit qua dfl kidn dat dfldc vd each thfle td chflc thiie hidn kd' hoach; ddi Mdng thu hfldng; life Ifldng tham gia, phan cdng ttdeh nMdm rd rang; cd gidi han thdi gian de de kiem tta, theo ddi tid'n dp thde Men vv...
Thii hai, bao dam tinh lien thdng gitta eae dfl dn, ke hoach eua trung fldng vdi dia phfldng;
cua chinh quyiri dia phfldng vdi cdc sd ban, ngdnh; gifla cdc k l hoach ddi ban, trung ban vd ngin ban, trdnh chdng chdo vd lang phi cdc ngudn life ttong qua trinh thfle Men.
Nhanh chdng xdy dung chudn nguon nhdn luc cua cdc ngdnh, cdc linh vUc cu thi
Cdc cd quan quan 15^^ nha nflde d cdc Enh vfle, cdc bd, ngdnh cin xuc tid'n xdy diing ehuan ngfldn nhdn life, ede chfldng ttinh dao tao ngudn nhdn life eua minh. Trong do, xde dinh ede chflc danh dao tao; ydu ciu vl ndng life, trinh dp; xde dinh chi tieu va diiu kidn tuyin dung; che dp ddi ngd vv..., ldm edn cfl ddt hang vd lidn ke't thfle hidn eflng ede ed sd ddo tao. Cdc doanh ngMdp vd ddn vi sfl dung nhan life phai •$ thfle dfldc ttdeh nMdm cfla nflnb ttong vide ehfl ddng hdp tdc vdi cdc cd sd ddo tao,
Tiip tuc xdy diing, hodn thiin chinh sdch xd
hgi, hi thdng dich vu vd an sinh xd hgi
Chinh sach xa hpi, he thdng dich vu vd an sinh xa hdi la phfldng tidn quin ly cdc van dl xa hdi eua chinh phfl. He thd'ng dich vu td't se tdc ddng vdo chat Ifldng ngudn nhan liie theo ydu eiu cua nin kinh te'. He thd'ng an sinh xd hdi khdng cM gidi han ttong vide phan phdi lai thu nhap va trd cap d l bio dam nhu ciu sd'ng cd ban eho ngfldi dan. Cao hdn nfla, ehiing edn dflde hieu theo ngMa "hi thdng an sinh xd hgi ndng dgng", md rdng ddi tfldng thu hfldng, cung cap dich vu ddng bd vdi chat Ifldng td't va de tie'p can vdi mpi ddi tfldng can dd'n. Do dd, he thd'ng ndy khdng cM la phfldng tidn bdi thfldng va khac phue khd khan eho ddi Mdng, ma edn la sii diu M vdo yd'u td eon ngfldi. Viet Nam la mdt qud'c gia dang phdt trien, tM vide xay dflng, hoan tMen chinh saeh xa hdi, he thdng dich vu va an sinh xa hdi cd ^ ngMa hdt sflc to ldn dl quan 1^ va giii quyd't cae va'n dl xa hdi. Diiu nay, se bao dim ddn sd' ttong dp tudi lao ddng diu dfldc ddo tao vd sfl dung, khi ndng todn dung lao ddng ldn, khac phuc ve cd bin flnh trang tMe'u hut nhan liic.
Giai quye't van de tMe'u hut nhdn life la vide khdng de dang, ddi hoi thdi gian, cdng sflc, tti tud, trdch nhiem eua nbilu cip, ngdnh va eac life Ifldng xa hdi. Nhflng diem bat diu la thay ddi cdch nghl, each lam cua nhflng ngfldi ra quyd't dinh vd hoach dinh chinh sach. Thdi gian tdi, eflng vdi sii phdt trien cua nin kinh t l dd't nflde; nhflhg ehinh sdch xa hdi cfla Dang va Nha nflde di vao cudc sd'ng; hd Mdng dich vu vd an sinh xa hdi ngdy cdng hoan thidn se tdc ddng tich efle din ngudn nhdn life, dap flng cl ve sd Ifldng vd ehd't Ifldng eho sfl nghidp phat triin phdt ttiln toan didn cua dd't nflde.
