ﻠﺤﺗ و جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﯿ
ﻞ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ي آﺮﻓ ﯾ ﺪﻨ ﻟﻮﺗ ﯿ ﺪ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ PFMEA
) درﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ي
: نﺎﺘﺳدﺮﮐ ﺪﻨﻗ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ (
ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﺒﻏﺎﺑ هداز ناﺮﯾا نﺎﻤﯿﻠﺳ ،1 2
ﻪﺟاﻮﺧ هدازﺮﻗﺎﺑ ﺪﯿﺠﻣ ،*
3
1 - ﺷزﻮﻣآ هوﺮﮔ ﯽ
ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ
،ﺖ ﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﺰﻘﺳ ﺪﺣاو ﯽ
، ا ،ﺰﻘﺳ ﯾ ناﺮ .
2 - ﺷزﻮﻣآ هوﺮﮔ ،دﺎﺘﺳا ﯽ
ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ﺘﻌﻨﺻ ﯽ
، ﺪﻣ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ﯾﺮ
ﯾ ﺖ راﺪﺑﺎﺴﺣ و ي
، ﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽ
ﺮﺒﺗ ﺪﺣاو ﯾ
،ﺰ ﺮﺒﺗ ﯾ
،ﺰ ا ﯾ ناﺮ .
3 - دﺎﺘﺳا ﯾ
،رﺎ ﺷزﻮﻣآ هوﺮﮔ ﯽ
ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ﺪﻣ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ، ﯾﺮ
ﯾ ﺖ راﺪﺑﺎﺴﺣ و ي
، ﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽ
ﺮﺒﺗ ﺪﺣاو ﯾ
،ﺰ ﺮﺒﺗ ﯾ
،ﺰ ا ﯾ ناﺮ .
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﮑﭼ
ﯿ هﺪ
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺎﻫ ﺦ ي ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ :
رﺎﺗ ﯾ رد ﺦ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ : 27 / 03 / 97
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺬﭘ ﺦ ﯾ شﺮ : 04 / 09 / 99
ﻠﮐ تﺎﻤﻠﮐ ﯿ
ﺪ ي :
PFMEA ،
آﺮﻓ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﯾ
،ﺎﻫﺪﻨ
IDEF0 ،
ﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﺧرد ﯿ
ﻞ ﺎﻄﺧ .
DOI: 10.52547/fsct.18.02.09 تﺎﺒﺗﺎﮑﻣ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ
:
ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا زا فﺪﻫ ﺧرﺎﮐ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد ﺎﻄﺧ هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳا نﺎﺘﺳدﺮﮐ ﺪﻨﻗ ﻪﻧﺎ .
رد
لﺪﻣ ﻖﻄﻨﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻂﺧ ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ اﺪﺘﺑا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا يزﺎﺳ
IDEF0 رﻮﻄﺑ
ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺎﺗ ﺪﺷ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﻖﯿﻗد ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ و ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ و ﺎﻫ
ترﻮﺼﺑ مﺎﺧ ﺮﮑﺷ زا ﺪﻨﻗ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ
دﺮﯿﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻖﯿﻗد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ يﺮﯾﻮﺼﺗ و ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻤﺷ .
ﮐ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ﺲﭙﺳ و دﺪﻌﺘﻣ تﺎﺴﻠﺟ رد و ﯽﻤﯿﺗ رﺎ
داﺪﻌﺗ ﯽﺼﺼﺨﺗ 49
ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ و ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ و ﯽﻠﺻا يﺎﻄﺧ ،ﺪﻨﻗ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﺷ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ .
ﻒﺸﮐ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا و ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ عﻮﻗو لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ،ﺎﻄﺧ تﺪﺷ ناﺰﯿﻣ دﺪﻌﺘﻣ تﺎﺴﻠﺟ رد ﻪﻣادا رد
ناﺰﯿﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ و ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ) RPN
ﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا هﺮﻤﻧ (
ياﺮﺑ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ زا ماﺪﮐ ﺮﻫ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . ﻪﺸﯾر و ﯽﻠﺻا ﻞﻠﻋ ﻪﻣادا رد يا
24 ﺎﻄﺧ ﯽﺘﺧرد ﺰﯿﻟﺎﻧآ ﻪﻠﯿﺳﻮﺑ راد ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا يﺎﻄﺧ (FTA)
،ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﻞﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ و ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ يزﺎﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ رﺎﺛآ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ياﺮﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﮑﻫار
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ درﻮﻣ يﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ءﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ رد .
ﺎﻨﺻ و مﻮﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ
ﯾ اﺬﻏ ﻊ ﯽﯾ ا ﯾ ناﺮ
www.fsct.modares.ac.ir:ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﺖﯾﺎﺳ
ﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ_ ﯽ
1 - ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ زا ﯽﺸﺨﺑ ﺖﯾﺎﺿر ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺑﺎﯿﺘﺳد لﺎﺒﻧﺪﺑ هراﻮﻤﻫ ﺎﻫ
ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ،ﻒﯾﺎﻇو مﺎﺠﻧا رد ﯽﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛا و يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ و ﺎﻫ
ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ و ﯽﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛا يﺎﻘﺗرا يﺎﻫرﺎﮑﻫار زا ﯽﮑﯾ ،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ دﻮﺧ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ و عﻮﻨﺘﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻨﮕﻨﺗ و ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ رد هﺪﺷ دﺎﺠﯾا يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺰﯿﻧ و هدﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻨﯾا فﺬﺣ ﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ياﺮﺑ شﻼﺗ و يﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺮﯿﻏ و يﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﮔﻮﻠﮔ ﯽﻠﺻا تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ،ﺖﺳا ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎ
ﯽﻣ ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ يﺎﻫ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ نﺎﻣز يﻻﺎﺑ خﺮﻧ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ
و يرﺎﮑﯿﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﻒﻗﻮﺗ ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ دﺪﻌﺘﻣ و تﺪﻣ ﺪﻨﻠﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺰﯿﻧ و تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ و تﻻآ
زوﺮﺑ ،تﺎﯿﻠﻤﻋ و ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺧﺄﺗ و زﺎﺳ ﺮﺳدرد و گرﺰﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ....
ﻏا ﻊﻗاو رد ،دﻮﻤﻧ هرﺎﺷا ﺐﻠ
نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و هﺎﺒﺘﺷا عﻮﻗو زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ يﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫ
تﺎﯿﻠﻤﻋ و ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد ﻻﺎﺑ رﺎﺛآ و ﮏﺴﯾر ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا . فﺬﺣ ﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا هداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ
ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ رد ﺎﻄﺧ رﺎﺛآ و تﻻﺎﺣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا و تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ و تﻻآ
ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺎﻬﻧآ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺢﻄﺳ و ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺢﻄﺳ ،ﯽﺳﺮﺘﺳد يﺎﻘﺗرا
يﺎﻬﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻪﺋارا و تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﯽﻔﯿﮐ و ﯽﻤﮐ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ]1
و 2 [.
ﻞﮑﺸﻣ يرﺎﮐ ﺐﻠﻏا ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺎﺑ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
،
نآ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ،ﺖﺳا رﺎﯿﺴﺑ تاﺮﻄﺧ ﺎﺑ و ﺮﺑ نﺎﻣز ﯽﻣ تاﺮﻄﺧ
ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺺﻘﻧ ) ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ( ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ لﻮﻃ رد هﺪﺷ دﺎﺠﯾا ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
. ﻦﯾا
ار تﻼﮑﺸﻣ يدوﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ
ﯽﻣ ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ ،ﺎﻫراﺰﺑا ﺎﺑ ناﻮﺗ شور و ﺎﻫ
-
ﺎﻫ ﻦﯾﺮﺗرﻮﻬﺸﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ،دﻮﻤﻧ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ي ﺎﻫراﺰﺑا ﻦﯾا
ﻪﺑ
ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ و لﻮﺼﺤﻣ رد ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ
و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ
نآ رﺎﺛآ و ﺎﻄﺧ تﻻﺎﺣ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ )
(FMEA ﺖﺳا 1
]3 و 4 [.
FMEA ﻢﻬﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ
،ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ يﺎﻫراﺰﺑا ﻦﯾﺮﺗ
ﯽﺑاﺮﺧ فﺬﺣ و ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ زا ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧو تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ،ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣا يﺎﻫ
ﺧ ﺎﯾ و ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ،ﯽﺣاﺮﻃ ،ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ياﺮﺑ تﺎﻣﺪ
ﯽﻣ يﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﺎﯾ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ نﺪﯿﺳر ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
] 6 و 5 [.
ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ عاﻮﻧا ﺪﯿﻔﻣ راﺰﺑا ﻦﯾا ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد و ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻪﺋارا و تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
ﺖﯾﻮﻟو ﯽﻣ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ و ددﺮﮔ ﺖﻬﺟ ﯽﻠﻤﻋ و ﯽﯾاﺮﺟا يﺎﻫ
ﺖﯿﻌﺿو يﺎﻘﺗرا ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯽﻤﮐ
و ﯽﻔﯿﮐ و تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ
نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﯽﻣ ﻦﯾوﺪﺗ ﺎﻫ
ددﺮﮔ . و ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ عاﻮﻧا ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ياﺮﺑ
ﺶﺨﺑ رد ﺎﻬﻧآ رﺎﺛآ ﯽﺗﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﺎﯾ يﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﮏﯾ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ زا ﯽﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ عاﻮﻧا زا ،دﺮﯿﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ FMEA
1. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis
ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﻫراﺰﺑا ﻦﯾا عاﻮﻧا زا ﯽﮑﯾ ،ددﺮﮔ
ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ
ﯽﺷﺎﻧ تاﺮﺛا و ﺎﻄﺧ تﻻﺎﺣ نآ
ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد )2
PFMEA (
ﺖﺳا
ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا و ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ و ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
دراد دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ژﺎﺘﻧﻮﻣ ]
7 - 9 [.
ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ ﻦﯾا زا ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ياﺮﺑ
ﻞﻣﺎﮐ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ار ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ رد ﺪﯾﺎﺑ دﻮﻤﻧ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا .
ﺑ اﺬﻟ هدﺎﯿﭘ ياﺮ ،ﺪﻨﻗ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ رد ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ ﻦﯾا يزﺎﺳ
ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻗ ﻪﺑ مﺎﺧ ﺮﮑﺷ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ ياﺮﺑ مزﻻ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﻪﺻﻼﺧ اﺪﺘﺑا ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ نوﺪﻣ ﺮﯾز ترﻮﺻ :
1 - ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ رﺎﺒﻧا ﻪﺑ مﺎﺧ ﺮﮑﺷ ﻞﯾﻮﺤﺗ :
ﻪﻠﻓ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ مﺎﺧ ﺮﮑﺷ
ﯽﻣ ﻮﭘد ﻪﯿﻟوا داﻮﻣ رﺎﺒﻧا رد ددﺮﮔ
.
2 - لﺎﻘﺘﻧا و ﺖﺑﺮﺷ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ نآ
ﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ آ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾ : دراو مﺎﺧ ﺮﮑﺷ
ﯿﺴﻣ ﯽﻣ ﻦﮐ ﻞﺣ ﺮ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ يﺎﻣد ﺎﺑ بآ يراﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ و ددﺮﮔ
75 ﺎﺗ
80 ﻞﺣ ﺮﺴﮑﯿﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ نزﺎﺨﻣ رد و هﺪﺷ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ،ﻪﺟرد
ﯽﻣ ؛ددﺮﮔ ﻪﻠﯿﺳﻮﺑ نآ ﺲﮑﯾﺮﺑ راﺪﻘﻣ ،ﺮﺘﻣ ﺲﮑﯾﺮﺑ )
رد ﺪﻣﺎﺟ ﺪﺻرد
لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ( ﯽﻣ هﺪﯿﺠﻨﺳ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ ﺲﮑﯾﺮﺑ ترﻮﺻرد و دﻮﺷ
ﻦﯾا ﻻﺎﺑ ﺲﮑﯾﺮﺑ ترﻮﺻرد و ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ مﺎﺧ ﺮﮑﺷ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﻪﻤﺴﺗ ﺮﺳ ﯽﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺖﻋ ﻦﯿﺑ ﺲﮑﯾﺮﺑ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺮﮔا و ﺪﺑﺎﯾ
57 ﺎﺗ 60 ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﯽﻣ ﻦﺷور لﻮﻠﺤﻣ لﺎﺳرا ﭗﻤﭘ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺮﯿﺴﻣ دراو لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺎﺗ دﻮﺷ
دﻮﺷ .
3 - ﮏﻫآ ﺖﺑﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻧز )
نﻮﯿﺳﺎﮑﻔﯾد (
يزﺎﺳاﺪﺟ ياﺮﺑ
ﯽﺼﻟﺎﺧﺎﻧ ﺖﺑﺮﺷ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ
4 - ﮏﯿﻨﺑﺮﮐ زﺎﮔ ندﺮﮐ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا :
دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﮏﻫآ نﺪﺷ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﺛا رد
ﮏﯿﻨﺑﺮﮐ زﺎﮔ و ﺖﺑﺮﺷ رد
، ﻨﺑﺮﮐ ﻢﯿﺴﻠﮐ تﺎ )
CACO3 (
دﺎﺠﯾا
ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ . ندﺮﮐ بﻮﺳر ﻦﻤﺿ مﻮﯿﺴﻠﮐ تﺎﻨﺑﺮﮐ
، دﻮﺧ هاﺮﻤﻫ راﺪﻘﻣ
ﯽﺼﻟﺎﺧﺎﻧ زا يدﺎﯾز ار ﺖﺑﺮﺷ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ بﻮﺳر ﻞﻤﻋ و ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ
يزﺎﺳاﺪﺟ ﯽﺼﻟﺎﺧﺎﻧ زا ﯽﯾﻻﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد
ﯽﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا ار ﺎﻫ ﺪﻫد
.
5 - ﺖﺑﺮﺷ ندﺮﮐ فﺎﺻ
6 - ﻦﯾزر زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ بﺮﺷ يﺮﺒﮕﻧر
7 - ﺲﮑﯾﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ نﺪﯿﺳر ﺎﺗ ﺖﺑﺮﺷ ﺖﺨﭘ 90
ﺎﺗ 91 يﺎﻣد رد 102
ﻪﺟرد
8 - ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد رﻮﺘﮑﻠﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ ﺖﺨﭘ ﺪﻨﻗ ﻦﺘﺨﯾر هﺪﯿﭼ يﺎﻫ
ﺎﻫ ﻦﮔاو رد هﺪﺷ )
ﺰﺒﺳ ﺪﻨﻗ ( رﺎﻈﺘﻧا و دوﺪﺣ 3 ﻪﺘﻋﺎﺳ
9 - ﻦﺘﺷاﺬﮔ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ ژﻮﻔﯾﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻞﺧاد ﻪﺑ ﺰﺒﺳ ﺪﻨﻗ يﺎﻫ ﺶﺧﺮﭼ و
ژﻮﻔﯾﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ دوﺪﺣ ﯽﻧارود ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺎﺑ
875 ﻪﻘﯿﻗد رد رود
10 - جرﺎﺧ ﻪﻠﮐ ندﺮﮐ ﺪﻨﻗ يﺎﻫ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ زا ﺎﻫ ﺖﻟﺎﭘ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا و ﺪﻨﻗ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ يﺎﻣد ﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ 70
ﺎﺗ 75 ﻪﺟرد
2. Process Failure Mode and Effect Analysis
11 - نﺎﻣز زا ﺲﭘ هﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﻗ ﻪﻠﮐ ندﺮﮐ جرﺎﺧ رﺎﻈﺘﻧا
12 ﺎﺗ 13 ﺖﻋﺎﺳ
12 - ﻦﺘﺴﮑﺷ ﻦﮑﺷ ﺪﻨﻗ يﺎﻬﻫﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﻪﻠﯿﺳﻮﺑ ﺪﻨﻗ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ و
ﻪﺒﺣ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻨﻗ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﺎﺑ يﺪﻨﺑ
ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ ،ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ زا ﺲﭘ
رﻮﻄﺑ يﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ﺎﺑ و ﻞﻣﺎﮐ
ﻖﺒﻃﺮﺑ
دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا IDEF01 راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ ﺎﺑ و IGrafx
لﺪﻣ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ و يزﺎﺳ
و هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ زا ﺲﭘ و ﺪﺷ يﺎﻫﺄﺸﻨﻣ
ياﺮﺑ ،ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا
يﺪﻨﺑ ترﻮﺼﺑ و ﯽﺼﺼﺨﺗ تﺎﺴﻠﺟ رد ﺎﻬﻧآ
ناﺰﯿﻣ ﯽﻤﯿﺗ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
) RPN ﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا دﺪﻋ (
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ .
ﻢﯿﺳﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ ﻠﺤﺗ
ﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﺧرد ﻞﯿ )
(FTA ﻪﺸﯾر ﻞﻠﻋ دﺎﺠﯾا يا
ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا ي راد
ﺪﺷ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ .
نﺎﯾﺎﭘ رد ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ ءﺎﺸﻨﻣ
،ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ نﻮﻣزآ درﻮﻣ ﺮﯾز ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ ﺞﻨﭘ
:
ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ :1 يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ
تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ
ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ و ﺖﺳا ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ تﻻآ .
ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ 2 : ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ و تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﺖﺳا ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ شور ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ تﻻآ .
ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ 3 : و تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ داﻮﻣ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ تﻻآ
ﺖﺳا ﻪﯿﻟوا .
ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ 4 : ﻬﺠﺗ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ و تاﺰﯿ
هزاﺪﻧا شور ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ تﻻآ يﺮﯿﮔ
ﺖﺳا . ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ 5 : و تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ عﻮﻤﺠﻣ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ تﻻآ
ﺖﺳا ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ .
2 - شور و داﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﺼﺑ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫراﺰﺑا ﯽﻣ ﺮﯾز ترﻮ
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ :
ﻒﻟا ( FMEA
ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ ﻦﯾﺮﺗرﻮﻬﺸﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ FMEA ﺖﺳا ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ رﺎﮑﺑ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ و لﻮﺼﺤﻣ رد ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ دور
.
زا ﯽﻤﺳر هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻦﯿﻟوا ﻪﻫد ﻂﺳاوا ﻪﺑ FMEA
1960 رد
ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻣ صﻮﺼﺧرد و يزﺎﺳوردﻮﺧ ،ﺎﻀﻓاﻮﻫ ﺖﻌﻨﺻ
ﯽﻣ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻨﻤﯾا و ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻪﺑ ددﺮﮔ
] 13 - 10 [.
زا نﺎﻣز نآ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻌﺑ
1. Integration DEFinition 0
ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ ﯽﻠﯾﺪﺒﺗ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ رد هﮋﯾﻮﺑ يﺪﯿﻠﮐ يراﺰﺑا ﻪﺑ FMEA
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ ]
12 [ و ﺎﭘورا ؛ﺎﮑﯾﺮﻣآ رد يا هدﺮﺘﺴﮔ رﻮﻄﺑ و
ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﻦﭘاژ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫ ]
10 [.
FMEA
ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ مﺎﻈﻧ راﺰﺑا ﮏﯾ ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ رد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻤﯿﺗ رﺎﮐ
،
و ﻞﻠﻋ ،تﻻﺎﺣ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﺎﯾ فﺬﺣ ،يﺮﯿﮕﺸﯿﭘ ،ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ،ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﺎﯾ ﯽﺣاﺮﻃ ،ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ،ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ ﮏﯾ رد هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ تاﺮﺛا ﯽﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ رﺎﮑﺑ ﯽﯾﺎﻬﻧ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﺎﯾ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻪﮑﻧآ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ،دﻮﺷ
ﺮﮕﯾد نﺎﯿﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺳﺮﺑ يﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﯽﻠﯿﻠﺤﺗ شور ﮏﯾ FMEA
ﯽﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﮏﺴﯾر ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا رد تاﺮﻄﺧ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﺪﺣﺎﺗ ﺪﺷﻮﮐ
هدوﺪﺤﻣ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ مﺎﺠﻧا ﮏﺴﯾر ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا نآ رد ﻪﮐ يا
ﯽﻣ و ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ار نآ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ تاﺮﺛا و ﻞﻠﻋ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و دﻮﺷ
ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻫدزﺎﯿﺘﻣا ]
15 و 14 [.
رد ﺎﻄﺧ تﻻﺎﺣ زا ماﺪﮐ ﺮﻫ ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺎﺑ ار FMEA
ﮏﺴﯾر ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا دﺪﻋ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ )
2(RPN بﺮﺿ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد
ﺎﻄﺧ تﺪﺷ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻪﺳ )
(S ﺎﻄﺧ عﻮﻗو لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ،3
) (O ﺘﺣا و 4
لﺎﻤ
ﺎﻄﺧ ﻒﺸﮐ )
(D ﯽﻣ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ 5
ﻢﯿﻨﮐ ] [.10 ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ ﻦﯾا رد نﻮﭼ
ﻦﯿﺑ يداﺪﻋا سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ رﻮﮐﺬﻣ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻪﺳ زا ماﺪﮐ ﺮﻫ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺟرد 1 ﺎﺗ 10 ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ يدﺪﻋ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺰﯿﻧ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ RPN
1 ﺎﺗ 1000 ﺮﮕﯾد ترﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ ،ددﺮﮔ :
RPN=S×O×D 1 ﻪﻄﺑار دﺪﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا دﺪﻋ ﻪﭼﺮﻫ 1000
ﮏﯾدﺰﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﺗ
ﻢﻬﻣ و ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﮏﺴﯾر هﺪﻨﻫد ﺖﺴﮑﺷ و تاﺮﻄﺧ ندﻮﺑ ﺮﺗ
يﺎﻫ
ﺖﻠﻋ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ و ﺖﺳا ﯽﺗﺎﻣﺪﺧ و يﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ رد هﺪﺷ دﺎﺠﯾا ﻢﯿﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ نآ ﻞﻠﻋ ﺎﯾ دﻮﺷ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ FMEA
] 13 [.
ﻋ ﻦﯾا ﻪﭼﺮﻫ ﺲﮑﻋﺮﺑ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻨﮐ ﻞﯿﻣ ﺮﻔﺻ دﺪﻋ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ دﺪ
ﺖﺳا ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ رد هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ و تاﺮﻄﺧ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ رﺎﺛآ هﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﺣﻼﺻا تﺎﻣاﺪﻗا رد ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻨﯾا فﺬﺣ ﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا و ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ دﻮﺑ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺮﺗ .
قﻮﻓ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻪﺳ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ياﺮﺑ
ﻪﺟرد يﺪﻨﺑ هﻮﺤﻧ ﯽﻠﮐ رﻮﻄﺑ ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ ﯽﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺳ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺟرد ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
و عﻮﻗو لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ،تﺪﺷ ﯽﻤﮐ
لوﺪﺟ ترﻮﺼﺑ ﻒﺸﮐ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا 1
ﺖﺳا :
شور ؛فﺪﻫ عﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ ﻦﯾا تﺎﯿﺋﺰﺟ ﺮﮕﯾد و ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷ
ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ نﻮﺘﻣ ﺮﺜﮐا رد ،دراد نآ عﻮﻧ رﺎﻬﭼ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد FMEA
Service FMEA, Design FMEA, System FMEA, PFMEA ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ يﺪﻨﺑ ]
4 [.
ﺮﮐذ ﻪﺑ مزﻻ
ﻫ ﺎﺑ يدراﻮﻣ رد عﻮﻧ رﺎﻬﭼ ﻦﯾا ﺖﺳا يدوﺪﺣﺎﺗ و طﺎﺒﺗرا ﺮﮕﯾﺪﻤ
ﺪﻧراد ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭙﻤﻫ .
2. Risk Priority Number 3. Severity
4. Likelihood of Occurrence 5. Detection
Table 1 Definite ranking for the severity, detection and occurrence of failures [1, 9, 16]
Ranking Severity Detection Occurrence
1 Dangerous without warning Absolutely low
2 Dangerous with Warning Very weak Weak, Danger is unlikely
3 Very High Weak
4 High Very low Low, Danger is relatively rare
5 Medium Low
6 Low Medium Average
7 Very Low Almost high
8 Weak High High, frequent dangers
9 Very weak Very high
10 None Absolutely definitive
Very high, danger is almost inevitable
ب ( PFMEA
ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ PFMEA هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا و ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ
دراد دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ژﺎﺘﻧﻮﻣ و ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد ]7
- 9 [.
ﺮﺛا راﺰﺑا ﻦﯾا
ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺎﯾ فﺬﺣ ياﺮﺑ مزﻻ ماﺪﻗا و ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ار ﺎﻫ
ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺎﻫ ﻪﯾور ﯽﻠﮐ يزﺎﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ و دﺎﺠﯾا رد ار ﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ . زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻞﯿﻟد PFMEA
و لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ
ﺮﻓ ﺖﺳا يﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺖﯾﺎﺿر ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ياﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﯾآ .
PFMEA هاﺮﻤﻬﺑ
و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ يﺮﯿﮕﺸﯿﭘ ﻪﻔﺴﻠﻓ و تﺎﻣاﺪﻗا ،ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ يﺎﻫراﺰﺑا ﺮﮕﯾد ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ يﺪﯿﻠﮐ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا ﻪﮐ ،ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ
ﯽﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﺒﯿﺘﺸﭘ ار ،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺪﻨﮐ
] 17 [.
ﻞﮑﺷ رد
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﺮﯾز PFMEA
ﺖﺳا هﺪﻣآ ]
18 [.
Fig 1 Ten Steps to Conduct a PFMEA
ج ( ﺎﻄﺧ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﺧرد
ﺎﯾ ﺎﻄﺧ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﺧرد ﺶﯿﭘ ياﺮﺑ FTA
رد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﯽﻨﯿﺑ
ﺖﺳا عﻮﻨﺘﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ زوﺮﺑ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ]
19 [.
ياﺮﺑ ﺮﮕﯾد ترﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ
ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ ﺮﯾز يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ تﺎﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﻦﯿﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻢﯿﺳﺮﺗ ﻞﯾﻻد و ﺎﻫ
دراد دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ]
20 [.
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا اﺬﻟ زا يدوﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ FTA
ﯽﺘﺳﺎﮐ يﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ FMEA
ﺪﻫﺎﮐ . ﯽﻣ ﺖﺧرد ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﻔﮔ ناﻮﺗ
ﺎﻄﺧ ﯽﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻞﻠﻋ ﻪﯿﻠﮐ زا ﻞﮑﺸﺘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﮏﯾﺮﻫ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ
ﻪﺛدﺎﺣ ﮏﯾ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ًﺎﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺎﯾ ﯽﯾﺎﻬﻨﺗ ددﺮﮔ ﯽﯾﺎﻬﻧ
] 21 [.
ﻪﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﯿﮔ ،ﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﺧرد يﺎﻫ
1ﯽﯾﺎﻫ رد يرﺎﺟ ﻖﻄﻨﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ار ﺖﺧرد ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
. ﺖﯿﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ ﯽﻘﻄﻨﻣ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳد ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ يﺎﻫداﺪﯾور )
ﺖﯿﮔ يدورو (
ﺖﺳدﻻﺎﺑ و )
ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ
ﺖﯿﮔ ( ﯽﻣ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ار ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
] 22 [.
ﺎﻤﻧ ﺮﯾز لوﺪﺟ رد ﯽﯾﺎﻫد
ﻢﯿﺳﺮﺗ ياﺮﺑ رد ﻪﮐ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد FTA
دور ﯽﻣ رﺎﮑﺑ
، ﺖﺳا هﺪﻣآ ﺎﻬﻧآ حﺮﺷ هاﺮﻤﻬﺑ ]
23 [.
1 Gates
Table 2 Fault Tree Symbols Description Symbols
Basic Event- A basic initiating fault requiring no further development AND - Output fault occurs if all of the input faults occur
OR - Output fault occurs if a least one of the input faults occurs
د ( دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ يزﺎﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ IDEF0
نوﺪﻣ ،ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﺳا يﺮﺛﺆﻣ و ﺪﯿﻔﻣ شور يزﺎﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ﺎﯾ ﻻﺎﮐ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ و ﺎﻬﺘﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ و ندﺮﮐ ﺮﻫ رد ﺖﻣﺪﺧ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ
] 21 [.
IDEF0 ﺎﯾ
"
ﻪﭼرﺎﭙﮑﯾ ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ
ﺎﻫدﺮﮐرﺎﮐ
"
ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ
"
Integration Definition
language 0
"
،دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺰﯿﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا يدراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا
لﺎﺳ رد 1981 ﻪﺑ ﺎﮑﯾﺮﻣآ ﺶﺗرا ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ يوﺮﯿﻧ ﺖﺳاﻮﺧرد ﻪﺑ
يﺎﻫ لﺪﻣ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻣﻮﻤﻋ يژﻮﻟوﺪﺘﻣ و دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﮏﯾ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻦﯿﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﺶﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﯽﮕﻧﻮﮕﭼ زا هﺪﺷ ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ و ﺖﺧاﻮﻨﮑﯾ درﻮﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﯿﻠﻤﻋ و ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ،ﻒﯾﺎﻇو و ﺎﻫدﺮﮐرﺎﮐ ،ﺎﻬﺘﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻮﮕﭼ و ؛هﺎﮕﻨﺑ ﺎﯾ ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ ﮏﯾ زﺎﯿﻧ ،ﺎﻬﻧآ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا شزادﺮﭘ ﯽﮕﻧ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﯿﺳر رﻮﺸﮐ نآ ﻂﺑﺮﯾذ يﺎﻫدﺎﻬﻧ ﺐﯾﻮﺼﺗ ﻪﺑ و هﺪﺷ دﺎﺠﯾا .
دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا يﺮﯿﮔرﺎﮑﺑ IDEF0
لﺪﻣ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ ياﺮﺑ يﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ،ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ حﻮﻄﺳ رد ﺶﯿﭘ زا نﺎﻨﯿﻤﻃا لﻮﺼﺣ رد ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﯽﻨﯿﺑ
يﺪﻨﻣزﺎﯿﻧ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ و ﺎﻫدﺮﮐرﺎﮐ ﺎﯾ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ حﻮﻄﺳ زا ﮏﯾ ﺮﻫ يﺎﻫ
ﻦﯿﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻪﺑ ﺶﯿﭘﺎﺸﯿﭘ ،ﯽﻋﺮﻓ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ و ﯽﺳﺎﺳا يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ
ﺪﯿﻔﻣ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ نآ لﺎﺜﻣا و ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﮏﯾ يﺎﻬﺘﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﯿﺑ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﮏﯾ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﭼرﺎﭙﮑﯾ و ﻊﻣﺎﺟ و شﺮﮕﻧ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺪﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﻣﺄﺗ ار ﺎﻬﻧآ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ طﺎﺒﺗرا و ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ .
،دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﻦﯾا رد
ﻪﭽﺑ ؛ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ زا ﺢﻄﺳ ﺮﻫ ﻢﯿﺳﺮﺗ رد يا
) يﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﺮﯾز (
ﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻪﯿﺒ
ردﺎﻣ ) ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ (
تﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ و ﻞﯾﺎﻤﺷ و ﻞﮑﺷ ﺎﺑ ،
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻟﻮﺘﻣ ،ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ دﻮﺷ
] 24 [.
ﯽﻣﻮﻤﻋ لﺪﻣ ،ﺮﯾز ﻞﮑﺷ IDEF0
ار
ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻫد .
Fig 2 IDEF0 process model راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ ﺎﺑ رﺎﮐ مﺎﮕﻨﻫ
IDEF0 يﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ و ﺎﻬﻟﺪﻣ ﻢﯿﺳﺮﺗ و
ﺲﮐﺎﺑ ،لﺪﻣ ﻢﯿﺳﺮﺗ زا ﯽﺤﻄﺳ ﺮﻫ رد ﺮﮔا يﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ )
ﻞﯿﻄﺘﺴﻣ (
ﻨﯾاﺮﻓ هﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﻦﯾﺪﺑ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﯾﺎﺳ ياراد ﺪ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻋﺮﻓ يﺎﻬﺘﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺎﯾ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ يﺮﺴﮑﯾ ياراد ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ تﺎﯿﺋﺰﺟ ندﺮﮐ زﺎﺑ ﺶﻠﻓ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا و نآ يور ﺮﺑ ﮏﯿﻠﮐ ﯽﻣ1
ناﻮﺗ
ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺮﯾز /
رد ﺮﮔا ﺲﮑﻋﺮﺑ و دﺮﮐ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ اﺮﻧآ يﺎﻬﺘﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﯾز
هدر ﯽﻣ ﻢﯿﺷﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺮﯾز و ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ يﺎﻫ ﺑ ناﻮﺗ
يور ﺮﺑ ﮏﯿﻠﮐ ﺎ
ﻦﯾﺪﻟاو ندﺮﮐ زﺎﺑ ﺶﻠﻓ ) 2
ﻦﯿﺑ يﺪﻧزﺮﻓ ردﺎﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار نﺎﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ هرﺎﺷا
ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ( ﻪﯿﻠﮐ ﻪﻠﯿﺳﻮﻨﯾﺪﺑ و ﺖﻓر ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ و ﺎﻫ هدر ﻪﺑ ﻢﺠﺴﻨﻣ و ﻪﭼرﺎﭙﮑﯾ ترﻮﺼﺑ ار ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺮﻫ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ و ﺎﻬﺘﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ
ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد و ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ
دﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ و ﻢﯿﺳﺮﺗ 3
. ﺖﯿﻫﺎﻣ
ﯽﺒﺗاﺮﻣ ﻪﻠﺴﻠﺳ IDEF0
ﯽﻣ هزﺎﺟا ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺑ ﯽﮔدﺎﺴﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻫد
مﺎﺠﻧا ياﺮﺑ مزﻻ ﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ و هﺪﺷ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا يﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ تﺎﯿﺋﺰﺟ ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ دﻮﺷ ﻊﻗاو ﺪﯿﻔﻣ يﺮﯿﮔ .
ﻪﺸﻘﻧ دﺎﺠﯾا ياﺮﺑ شور ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻬﺑ
هدﺎﯿﭘ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ
4يور ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ و ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ لﻮﻃ رد ﺖﺳا ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ
.
ﺣاﺮﻣ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ دﻮﺷ لﺎﺒﻧد ﺖﺑﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻞ
ﺎﯿﭘ لﻮﻃرد و هد
دﺮﯾﺬﭘ ترﻮﺻ مزﻻ يرادﺮﺑ ﺖﺷاددﺎﯾ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ يور .
ﻪﺑ ﻦﺘﻓر زا ﺪﯾﺎﺑ
ار ﻢﻬﻣ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﺎﺗ دﺮﮐ ﺰﯿﻫﺮﭘ ﺮﺑ نﺎﯿﻣ هار ﻢﯿﻨﮑﻧ شﻮﻣاﺮﻓ
] 12 [.
3 - ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ
3 - 1 - لﺪﻣ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا يﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ IDEF
تﺎﺴﻠﺟ ،ﺪﻨﻗ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ رد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ يﺎﻬﺘﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ يدﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻦﯿﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ؛ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺮﯾﺪﻣ ،ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﺮﯾﺪﻣ
يﺎﻫﺪﺣاو
ﻌﺗ ،ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ،يﺰﯾر ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻤ
ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﯽﻨﻤﯾا ،يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ تاﺮﯿ و
ﺪﻨﻗ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ نﺎﺒﺣﺎﺻ و ﺪﺷ راﺰﮔﺮﺑ نﺎﺘﺳدﺮﮐ
يﺮﯿﮔرﺎﮑﺑ هﻮﺤﻧ و لﻮﺻا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ ندﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻨﺷآ ﻦﻤﺿ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا
IDEF0 راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ و I Graf
، يﺎﻬﺘﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ و ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻪﯿﻠﮐ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
1. Open Decomposition 2 . Open Parent 3. Organizational Map 4. Walking
نﺎﺘﺳدﺮﮐ ﺪﻨﻗ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ رد ﺪﻨﻗ درﻮﻣ
راﺮﻗ ﻖﯿﻗد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ و ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
لﺪﻣ و ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﻦﯾا IDEF
يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد
ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا .
ﻠﮑﺷ رد يﺎﻬ ﺢﻄﺳ و ﺮﻔﺻ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺮﯾز
لﺪﻣ ﮏﯾ آIDEF
ﺖﺳا هﺪﻣ . ﺎﻬﻟﺪﻣ ﻦﯾا رد ﺖﺳا ﺮﮐذ نﺎﯾﺎﺷ يﺎﻬﻧﺎﮑﯿﭘ
،ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ ﺖﺳار ﺖﻤﺳ ،ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ يدورو ﭗﭼ ﺖﻤﺳ نﺎﮑﯿﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻻﺎﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﻓ يﺎﻫ
و ﺪﻨﯾآﺮ نﺎﮑﯿﭘ ﻪﺒﻌﺟ ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻢﺴﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ ، ﺎﻫ ) ﺎﻫ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻫد مﺎﺠﻧا (
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ .
Fig 3 Functional decomposition of Sugar production Process Map
Used At:
Author:
Notes: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Date:
Kurdestan Sugar Factory
02/24/2017 Rev:
READER 02/24/2017
DATE WORKING
DRAFT RECOMMENDED
A0
PUBLICATION
Sugar Production Process Project:
A-0
Node: Title: Number:
Page: 2 CONTEXT:
Solving
A1 A1
Boiling in Aparate
A2 A2
Collectore and Centrifuge
A3 A3
Incubator
A4 Sugar Brokers
A5 Packing
A6
Sugar Production Procedure
Humane Resources Solver Machine
Sugar Collector White Sugar Carriages
Sugar Brokers Devices Raw Sugar
Paking Sugar Cube Water
loaf sugar
Bulk broken
sugar Chilled loaf
Sugar
Suger Aparts
Sugar Ready to
Mold
Waste water back to recovery stage
Weighing and packaging devices Molasses Quality Control and Labratory
Steam White Sugar
Heaters Centrifuge Fans
Suger Molds
Green Sugar Carriages Tanks
Concentric Centrifuge Saturasion Tower
Clear and semi clear syrup
Defecation Tower Lime
CACO3
Fig 4 Functional decomposition of Sugar production Process Map
3 - 2 - يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ يﺪﻌﺑ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ رد
، ﻖﯿﻗد روﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ
ﯽﺟاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻖﺒﻄﻨﻣ
دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ IDEF هاﺮﻤﻬﺑ ،
ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ءﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﻗ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻂﺧ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ رد
ﺪﻨﻗ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ ﺪﻨ
نﺎﺘﺳدﺮﮐ نﺎﻓﻮﻃ ﻖﻄﻨﻣ ﻖﺒﻃ ﺮﺑ ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ دﺪﻌﺘﻣ تﺎﺴﻠﺟ ﯽﻃ يﺮﮑﻓ
يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ءﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺎﺑ و ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣا
ﺮﯾز ترﻮﺼﺑ
ا ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳ .
ﻞﺤﻣ ،تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﺶﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ءﺎﺸﻨﻣ
هزاﺪﻧا شور ،داﻮﻣ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ،رﺎﮐ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ و ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ شور ،يﺮﯿﮔ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا .
هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﮑﻧﺎﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﯽﻣ
دﻮﺷ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد هﺪﺷ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ 49
ﺎﻄﺧ ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
Table 3 Failures in sugar production processes and their origin Failure Origin
Production Method
Human Factor
Measurement Method Material Composition
Workplace
Equipment
Failure Code Potential Failure
Sub process
F1
Brix (The sugar content of an aqueous solution) is above 60
F2
Brix lower than 57
F3
Low volume of syrup compared to the desired volume
F4
Large volume of syrup compared to the desired volume
Solving
F5
Insufficient lime milk produced
F6
Inadequate quality of lime milk produced Lime saps
production
F7
Absence of booms in the range of 12 to 15
F8 Negative effect on PH of saturation phase Lime to
syrup (Saturation)
F9
Insufficient Carbon dioxide produced in boilers
F10
Transfer low carbon dioxide to syrup
F11
Transfer a lot of carbon dioxide to the syrup
Carbon dioxide production
F12
PH above 8.6
F13
PH below 8.3 Saturation
F14
The syrup is not clear
F15
Brix is above 51
F16
Brix lower than 49 Filter by
Grant Pont
F17
Correctly not filter press and high CACO3 at output
Filter press
F18
Inappropriate decoloring of resin Syrup
decoloring
F19
Created steam Not sufficient Vapor
production
F20
Vacuum deficiency
F21
Add powdered sugar in Brix less than 89
F22
Add powdered sugar in Brix more than 90
F23
Baking operation less than the required time
F24
Baking operation longer than required
F25
The mistake in measuring the Brix of the syrup
Syrup concentration
F26
Incomplete separation of syrup Separation of
wastewater
F27
Transfer to the baking stage with a temperature of fewer than 102° C
F28
Transfer of baking to Sugar molding with brix less than 90
F29
No setting of green sugar molding time (more time)
F30 Ambient temperature higher than ideal
F31 Expect green sugar wagons less than
expected Sugar
molding
F32
Discrepancy between rotational speed and centrifuge time with the refining process
product Centrifuge
F33
Low temperature
F34
High temperature
F35
Low waiting time in Stove room
F36
Improper arrangement of wagons
F37
Inappropriate air humidification inside Stove room
F38
Inappropriate Circulation of air in the Stove room
Stove room
F39
The Inappropriate placements of Sugar Inside Blade
F40
Inappropriate performances of sugar cutter blades
sugar breaker
F41
Row brushes are not able to arrange sausage pieces
F42
Irregular movements of the guillotine when breaking parts of cuffs
F43
Improper sieving and separation of sugar and sugar powder
F44
Irregular oscillation of sugar crusher belt
F45 Forget the cellphone
F46
Jet printer not working
F47
Improper arrangement of cartons on pallets
F48
Crash of the lift
F49
Inappropriate carton placement on the conveyor belt
Packing
3 - 3 - ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا و ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ يﺪﻨﺑ ﺖﺧرد جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
ﺎﻄﺧ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ )
( FTA ﺧ ياﺮﺑ ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا يﺎﻫﺎﻄ
راد
ﯽﺼﺼﺨﺗ و ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ ﻪﺴﻠﺟ ﻦﯾﺪﻨﭼ يراﺰﮔﺮﺑ زا ﺲﭘ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ
زا داﺪﻌﺗ RPN 24 راد ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا يﺎﻄﺧ ياﺮﺑ و ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ
ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﺧرد ﺎﻬﻧآ ﺗ ﺎﻄﺧ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﯿﻬ . ﯾا ﻪﯿﻬﺗ رد ﺎﺗ ﺎﻫ ﺖﺧرد ﻦ
يﺮﮕﻧزﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ نﺎﮑﻣاﺪﺣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ و هدﺎﺳ تارﺎﺒﻋ زا هرﺎﺑ ﻦﯾﺪﻨﭼ يﺎﻫ
ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻦﻤﺿ ﺪﺷ ﯽﻌﺳ و ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻢﻬﻓ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ رد ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﯾا ﻦﯿﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ دﺎﺠﯾا ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﻈﻧﺪﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ .
ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﺧرد زا ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﮏﯾ ﺮﯾز ﻞﮑﺷ رد
ا هﺪﻣآ ﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﺳ
.
Fig 5 Fault tree analysis for failure with the highest Priority
3 - 4 - ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ تﺎﯿﺿﺮﻓ نﻮﻣزآ
نﻮﻣزآ ياﺮﺑ تﺎﯿﺿﺮﻓ
ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺎﺸﻨﻣ
يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺘﺳد ار ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻢﯾدﻮﻤﻧ
. ﺮﯾز يرادار رادﻮﻤﻧ هﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﺸﻧ
ﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ رد هﺪﺷ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ ﺪﯿ
ﺪﻨﻗ
ﺖﺳا نﺎﺘﺳدﺮﮐ .
Fig 6 Diagram of the origin of various Failures in the PFMEA technique of Kurdistan Sugar Factory رادﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
،قﻮﻓ ترﻮﺼﺑ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ تﺎﯿﺿﺮﻓ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ نﻮﻣزآ
ﯽﻣ ﺮﯾز ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ 1 : و تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ ﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ تﻻآ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ زا ﺮ
.
هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ رادﻮﻤﻧ رد ﯽﻣ
دﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﮐ
تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ 45 دﺪﻋ ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﺎﻬﻧآ ءﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و ﺖﺳا
49 ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ اﺬﻟ ؛ﺖﺳا ﺎﻄﺧ لوا
ﻧ ﺪﯿﯾﺄﺗ ﯽﻤ دﻮﺷ .
ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ 2 : و تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ ﻄﺧ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ تﻻآ ﻮﺗ شور ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎ
ﺪﯿﻟ
ﺖﺳا : تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ داﺪﻌﺗ 45
شور ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ و
ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ 19 ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ اﺬﻟ ،ﺖﺳا ﺎﻄﺧ مود
ﺪﯿﯾﺄﺗ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ .
ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ 3 : و تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ تﻻآ داﻮﻣ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ي
ﺖﺳا ﻪﯿﻟوا :
ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ داﺪﻌﺗ تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﻪﺑ
45 ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ و
داﻮﻣ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ 9
ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ اﺬﻟ ،ﺖﺳا ﺎﻄﺧ مﻮﺳ
ﺪﯿﯾﺄﺗ ﻢﻫ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ .
ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ 4 : و تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ ﻫﺎﻄﺧ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ تﻻآ شور ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎ
هزاﺪﻧا ﺖﺳا يﺮﯿﮔ :
تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ داﺪﻌﺗ 45
و
هزاﺪﻧا شور ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺮﯿﮔ
14 ﺧ ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ اﺬﻟ ،ﺖﺳا ﺎﻄ مرﺎﻬﭼ
ﺪﯿﯾﺄﺗ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ .
ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ 5 : و تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ عﻮﻤﺠﻣ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ تﻻآ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ
ﺖﺳا ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ :
تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ داﺪﻌﺗ
45 ﺮﮕﯾد يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ عﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ داﺪﻌﺗ و 92
،ﺖﺳا اﺬﻟ ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ ﻢﺠﻨﭘ ﻧ ﺪﯿﯾﺄﺗ ﯽﻤ دﻮﺷ .
4 - ﺚﺤﺑ
هﺪﺷ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺎﻄﺧ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﺧرد و ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا يﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ شﺮﮕﻧ و هﺎﮔﺪﯾد ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻪﯿﻠﮐ ﺮﯿﮔاﺮﻓ كرد ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد و
يﺎﺘﺳار رد ﺎﻫ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ و يزﺎﺳ هدﺎﯿﭘ
PFMEA ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ
.
ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ زا ماﺪﮐﺮﻫ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻄﺧ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﺧرد جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا دﺎﺠﯾا يﺎﻫﺎﺸﻨﻣ و ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ راد
ﯽﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و ددﺮﮔ
ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد ﻪﺋارا
يﺎﻫرﺎﮑﻫار ﯽﯾاﺮﺟا
ياﺮﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ و يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ فﺬﺣ ﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ
هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ
، ﻞﯿﻬﺴﺗ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ . ﺸﻨﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺄ
دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ ،ﺖﺳا ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﯽﻣ
دﻮﺷ هﺎﮔرﺎﮐ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﺷزﻮﻣآ رد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ هﻮﺤﻧ صﻮﺼﺧرد
هﺎﮕﺘﺳد يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ و ﺮﯿﻤﻌﺗ هﻮﺤﻧ ﺰﯿﻧ و ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺎﻫ
ياﺮﺑ
ﺪﯾﺪﺟ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻا
و راﺰﮔﺮﺑ ترﻮﺼﺑ
هرود ﺰﯿﻧ يا
يزﻮﻣآزﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ
نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻤﯾﺪﻗ
ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ دﻮﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا .
ﻤﻫ ﭽ ﻦﯿﻨ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ مود هدر رد تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻪﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ دﺎﺠﯾا
هدﺎﯿﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ نﺎﺘﺳدﺮﮐ ﺪﻨﻗ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ؛ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺎﻄﺧ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﻧ ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ يزﺎﺳ )
تاﺮﯿﻤﻌﺗ و يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ (
ماﺪﻗا ﯽﻤﻠﻋ و ﻢﺠﺴﻨﻣ
و ﺪﯾﺎﻤﻧ رد هرود هﺮﺒﯿﻟﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ تﺪﻣ هﺎﺗﻮﮐ يﺎﻫ و ندﻮﻤﻧ
تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﯽﺳرزﺎﺑ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ
ماﺪﻗا ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺪﻨﮐ
زا ﺎﺗ
تﺪﺷ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ و تﻼﮑﺸﻣ دﺎﺠﯾا ﻻﺎﺑ
و ﻪﺟرد رد دﺎﯾز عﻮﻗو
تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﻦﯿﺷﺎﻣ و نﺎﮑﻣا ﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ تﻻآ دﻮﺷ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﻠﺟ
.
ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رد ﻪﮐ ﯽﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا يﺎﻫ
ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ
"
ﻪﻨﯿﻬﺑ و ﺎﻄﺧ ﻒﺸﮐ رد نآ يزﺎﺳ
ﺖﺨﭘ نﺰﺨﻣ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ
ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻗ
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﭼﻮﮔﺎﺗ شور و FMEA
"
رد لﺎﺳ 2013 ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
Mariajayaprakash و
Senthilvelan ﺪﻨﻫ رﻮﺸﮐ رد
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﺳا ﺮﮐذ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺮﯾز دراﻮﻣ
: رﻮﮐﺬﻣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ رد
ءﺎﺸﻨﻣ و ﻞﯾﻻد ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﺨﭘ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ رد يﺎﻄﺧ عﻮﻧ ﻪﺳ ﻪﺑ
ﺎﻣد رﻮﺴﻨﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻄﺧ و ﯽﮑﯾﺮﺘﮑﻟا يﺎﻄﺧ ،ﯽﮑﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ
،
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ و
رادﻮﻤﻧ زا ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﻞﯾﻻد ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ياﺮﺑ
ﺖﻠﻋ - رادﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻟﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺎﻣ ناﻮﺨﺘﺳا
ﯽﻫ ﺎﯾ اوﺎﮑﯿﺸﯾا رادﻮﻤﻧ
ﺰﯿﻧ ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ،ﺖﺳا فوﺮﻌﻣ ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺲﭙﺳ ،ه
ﯽﭼﻮﮔﺎﺗ شور زا و يﺪﻨﺑ ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا FMEA )
ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا
ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا نوﺪﺑ (
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﯿﻌﺿو دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ياﺮﺑ
،ﺖﺳا هﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﯽﻟﺎﺣ رد
يﺎﻫءﺎﺸﻨﻣ ًﻻوا ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ رد ﻪﮐ
ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﺶﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ دﺎﺠﯾا ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ،ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ شور
ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ،ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا
هزاﺪﻧا شور ،يرﺎﮐ تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ و داﻮﻣ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ،يﺮﯿﮔ
ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ
و ﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﺧرد ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﻪﻠﯿﺳﻮﺑ ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ يﺎﻫءﺎﺸﻨﻣ
و و ﻞﯾﻻد
ﻪﺸﯾر نﺪﻣآ دﻮﺟﻮﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺎﻬﻧآ
ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻧ . ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد ياﺮﺑ
ﺖﯾﻮﻟوا ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ زا ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ يﺪﻨﺑ PFMEA
هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ هﺮﻬﺑ
ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ رد و ﺖﺳا ﺳرﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ
ﻪﻧﺎﻓﺎﮑﺷﻮﻣ ﯽ ﺖﺧرد
ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻠﻤﻋ يﺎﻫرﺎﮑﻫار ﺎﻄﺧ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﯿﻌﺿو دﻮﺒﻬﺑ
و دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﯽﯾاﺮﺟا .
5 - ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ يﺮﯿﮔ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا مأﻮﺗ يﺎﻫراﺰﺑا زا نﻮﭼ ﯽﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ
PFMEA مﺮﻧ و
ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺎﻫراﺰﻓا و
ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ
ﺎﻄﺧ ﺖﺧرد ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ
، ﺪﯾد دﺎﺠﯾا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻫﺎﮔ
ﻢﺠﺴﻨﻣ و ﻪﭼرﺎﭙﮑﯾ ﯽ
ﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ و ﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ ﻪ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ دﺎﺠﯾا ﻞﯾﻻد و
و ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد
نﺎﮑﻣا
رﺎﺛآ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺎﯾ فﺬﺣ ﺖﻬﺟ رد ار ﯽﻠﻤﻋ يﺎﻫرﺎﮑﻫار ﻪﺋارا يﺎﻫﺎﻄﺧ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ
ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ داد ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا
.
6 - ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
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E
xtraction and analysis of production process Failures using PFMEA (case study: Kurdistan Sugar factory)
Baghbani, M. 1, Iranzadeh, S.2 *, Bagherzadeh khajeh, M. 3
1. Ph.D , Department of Management, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
2. Prof, Department of Industrial Management, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran, 3. Assistant Prof, Department of Management, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran,
ABSTRACT
ARTIClE INFO Article History:
Received 17 June 2018 Accepted 24 November 2020 Keywords:
PFMEA, Process Map, IDEF0, FTA.
The purpose of this research is to identify possible failures modes in the process of producing Kurdistan sugar factory. In this research, firstly, the Process map of the production process by using the IDEF0 modeling logic was extracted accurately in order to schematically analyze all the aspects and processes of sugar production from raw sugar. Then, in the form of teamwork and at various expert meetings, 49 major and potential failures were identified in all processes and activities of the sugar production process. In the following sessions, the failure severity, the probability of occurrence of failures and the probability of error detection were determined. Using the RPN (risk priority number) was extracted for each failure. In the following, the root causes of the 24 priority failures were determined by FTA, and due to the causes of the errors, suitable solutions to reduce the effects of failures were documented. Finally, the origins of process failures were analyzed.
DOI: 10.52547/fsct.18.02.09
*Corresponding Author E-Mail:
Iranian Journal of Food Science and Technology
Homepage: www.fsct.modares.ir
Scientific Research
